I-Salmonella iyisifo esivamile sokudla okubonisa ukuthi izimpawu zamanzi ezihudo, umkhuhlane kanye nezikhonda zesisu. Izimpawu ngokuvamile zihlala ezinsukwini ezine kuya kwezingu-7 futhi azidingi uhambo kudokotela ngaphandle kokuba kubonwe usana noma kunezibonakaliso zenkinga. Ukuhlukunyezwa okuvame kakhulu ukuphela kwamanzi, kanti ukutheleleka kwegazi nokutheleleka kwe-salmonella engavamile kubonakala kungavamile.
Amaqembu aphezulu kakhulu okutheleleka ngegciwane lesandulela ngculaza ahlanganisa izingane, izingane ezincane, asebekhulile, nabantu abanamasosha omzimba athintekile.
Izimpawu Ezivamile
Izimpawu zokutheleleka kwe-salmonella, okubizwa ngokuthi i-salmonellosis, ingaqala kusukela emahoreni angu-8 ukuya kwangu-72 ngemuva kokuvezwa. Isikhathi esivamile sokukhushulwa yisikhathi samahora angu-12 kuya kwangu-36. Uzothola izimpawu ezivame " ngesisu somkhuhlane ," okubizwa nge-gastroenteritis ngokwemitholampilo. Izimpawu ezivamile ngokuvamile zihlanganisa:
- Uhudo lwamanzi: Lona uphawu oluyinhloko futhi luvame ukuza ngokuzumayo. Ngezinye izikhathi, isifo sohudo singabuye sibe negazi noma sibe nomcus esitokisini.
- Umkhuhlane: Lokhu kubonakala njalo, futhi ungase ube nezinhlanzi.
- Ubuhlungu besisu nesisu esiswini: Kungenzeka uzizwe.
Izimpawu ezincane kodwa kodwa ezivamile zihlanganisa ukuhlanzeka, ukuhlanza, ukulahlekelwa ukudla, kanye nokukhanda ikhanda. Ukuhuda kwamanzi kungaholela eminye izimpawu zokuphela kwamanzi uma ungaphuzi amanzi okwanele ukuqhubeka nokulahlekelwa.
Izimpawu zingase zibe nzima kakhulu ezinganeni ezincane, kubantu asebekhulile, noma abantu abaye banciphisa amasosha omzimba ngenxa yezimbangela ezihlukahlukene noma ukwelashwa.
Lezi zimpawu ngokuvamile zihlala ezinsukwini ezine kuya kweyisikhombisa futhi ngokuvamile ziyahamba ngaphandle kokwelapha. Noma kunjalo, isifo sohudo singaqhubeka isikhathi eside ezinsukwini ezingu-10. Ngemuva kokuphola, ungathola ukuthi imikhuba yakho yesiguli ishintshiwe futhi ayibuyelanga evamile izinyanga ezimbalwa.
Izinkinga / Izinkomba ezingaphansi kweqembu
Ukuhlukunyezwa okuvamile kakhulu kwe-salmonella ukuguquka kwamanzi , kanti noma ubani usemngciphekweni uma isifo sohudo noma ukuhlanza sibi kakhulu futhi abaphuzi amanzi anele noma isisombululo se-electrolyte (i-Pedialyte noma iziphuzo zezemidlalo njengeGatorade) ukuqhubeka nokulahlekelwa. Ukudambiswa kwamanzi kungase kwenzeke kakhulu ezinganeni, izingane ezincane, abadala asebekhulile, nabesifazane abakhulelwe. Izimpawu zinciphisa ukukhiqizwa komchamo, umlomo owomile, izinyembezi ezimbalwa, nezinyembezi ezishisiwe. Ungase uzizwe ukhathele, uhlaziyekile, unobuthakathaka, udidekile, futhi unesifo sekhanda. Ukwehlisa amanzi ngokweqile kungadinga ukwelashwa okuphuthumayo nokwelashwa.
Ukutheleleka kwe-Salmonella emangalisa
Ukutheleleka kwe-salmonella emangalisa kwenzeka kuma-8 amaphesenti abantu abane-infection eqinisekisiwe. Nakuba lokhu kuzwakala kuyesabeka, abantu abaningi abamboni udokotela wabo amacala amakhulu futhi ngakho amacala abo akakaze aqinisekiswe. Ama-bacteria angangena egazini, lapho angakwazi khona ukusabalalisa ezinhlobonhlobo ezihlukahlukene emzimbeni futhi asethe izifo. Lokhu kufaka phakathi i- meningitis uma ithola ubuchopho noma intambo yomgogodla, i-osteomyelitis uma ihlasela amathambo, kanye ne-septic arthritis uma iphazamisa ukujoyina. Lezi zifo ziyingozi futhi zingasongela ukuphila. Ukutheleleka okuvame ukuvame ukubonwa emaqenjini ajwayelekile asezingeni eliphansi labantwana abancane, asebekhulile, nabantu abangenakuzivikela.
Ukuphikisana kwama-antibiotic kuye kwabonwa ngezinhlobo ze- Salmonella futhi lokhu kungabangela ukwelashwa kwezifo ezingenayo. Udokotela angase adingeke asebenzise ama-antibiotic aphakeme kakhulu angadla okungaphezulu futhi angase abe nemiphumela emibi engozini.
I-arthritis esebenzayo
Ngemuva kokutheleleka kwe-salmonella, unengozi enkulu yokuthuthukisa isifo samathambo esibizwa ngokuthi i-Reiter's syndrome. Ukutheleleka kubangela ukuvuvukala okungabangela amalunga abuhlungu (ikakhulu amadolo, amaqaqa, nezinyawo), amehlo acasulayo, noma ubuhlungu lapho uchama. Lokhu akuvamile futhi ngokuvamile kuthinta abantu abaneminyaka engu-20 kuya ku-40. Ngokuvamile kuzoxazulula ngonyaka.
Nini Ukubona Udokotela / Yiya esibhedlela
Awudingi ukubona udokotela wakho uma unesifo esivamile sokutheleleka kwe-salmonella okuba ngcono ngemva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa futhi awunayo izimpawu ezimbi. Kukhona ukukhathazeka okunye ngabantu abasemaqenjini engozini, okubandakanya izinsana, izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-5, kanye nabantu asebekhulile. Abanye odokotela bezingane batusa ukuba babone udokotela nganoma yisiphi isikhathi ingane isinezimpawu ze-salmonella. Amanye amaqembu asengozini yokutheleleka okuthelelekile noma ukutheleleka okungahambi kahle abandakanya abantu abanesisindo somzimba sokuzivikela (ukutheleleka ngegciwane lesandulela ngculaza, ukuphathwa komdlavuza), banegciwane lesifo segciwane, banesifo se-splenectomy, noma bathatha imithi ekhubaza isisu esiswini.
Uma wena noma ingane yakho unempawu zokuphelelwa amandla kwamanzi, kufanele ubone udokotela wakho. Okunye ngokuphathelene nezimpawu okufanele zihlolwe udokotela wakho noma udokotela wezingane zibandakanya umkhuhlane ophezulu, obunzima noma obhekene nobuhlungu besisu, noma izitshalo ezigazini.
Kufanele uthole ukwelashwa okuphuthumayo noma ushayele u-911 uma wena noma ingane yakho unalezi zimpawu, okungabonisa ukubulawa kwamanzi okusongela impilo noma ukuthuthukiswa kokutheleleka kwe-salmonella engavamile:
- Ukuphefumula okunzima
- Ukuphuma (ukuphelelwa amandla)
- Zizwa noma ubonise ukudideka
- Uzwela kakhulu, unzima ukuvuka
- Ukushaya kwenhliziyo kuyashesha
- Intamo emnyama noma ukuthunjwa (izimpawu ze-meningitis)
> Imithombo:
> I-Salmonella Infection. I-Mayo Clinic. https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/salmonella/symptoms-causes/syc-20355329.
> I-Salmonella Ulwazi Lwabahlengikazi Nezobuchwepheshe. I-CDC. https://www.cdc.gov/salmonella/general/technical.html.
> Salmonella Imibuzo nezimpendulo. I-CDC. https://www.cdc.gov/salmonella/general/index.html.