Lapho Ukucindezeleka Kwegazi Eliphakeme Kuphenduka Ukufa
I-hypertension engalungile yindlela ejulile ye-high blood pressure eyenza ukulimala kwesistimu eyodwa noma ngaphezulu. Nakuba kungavamile-kuthinta cishe amaphesenti ayisodwa abantu abanomlando wegazi eliphezulu-ukucindezeleka okubi okungabangela ukulimala okungenakuguquka ngisho nokufa uma kungakhambi ukuphathwa ngokushesha.
I-hypertension eyingozi kakhulu ichazwa njengengcindezi yegazi efunda ngaphezu kuka 180/120.
Ngokuphambene nalokho, ukucindezelwa kwegazi okuvamile kungaphansi kwe-140/90.
Ngenkathi zonke izinhlelo zomzimba ezinkulu zisengozini yokulimala emcimbini onobuhlungu obusondayo, izinso, amehlo, ubuchopho kanye nenhliziyo yizona ezilimaza kakhulu. I-hypertension engalungile ikhula ngokushesha, okwenza ukuqhuma kwemithambo yegazi emincane kuwo wonke umzimba.
Izimbangela ze-Hypertension Emangalisa
Izimbangela ze-hypertension ezimbi aziqondi kahle. Ezimweni eziningi, kubonakala sengathi yimbangela yezici eziningi ezinikelayo. Phakathi kwazo:
- Ukuyeka imishanguzo yegazi ephezulu
- Umlando wokuhluleka kwezinso noma ukuqina kwesifo (ukunciphisa izinzwa zezinso)
- Ukucindezeleka ngokweqile ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa noma izinkinga ezithile ezikhulelwe ezifana ne-preeclampsia
- Abantu abanezifo ze-collagen vascular like scleroderma
- Izicubu ze-grenal adrenal
Ngenkathi umlando wegazi ophezulu ubhekwa njengento esemqoka engozini, ezinye, izici ngokuphelele ezingabandakanyeki zingabangela isiqephu esibi kakhulu se-hypertensive.
Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa ezingekho emthethweni (njenge-cocaine noma i-methamphetamine), amaphilisi okulawula ukuzalwa, ukulimala kwekhanda, nokulimala kwentambo yomgogodla.
Ezinye zalezi zici zingase zenze ukuthi kungani abantu abasha bebhekene nokucindezeleka okukhulu kwegazi kunabantu abadala. Ngokuphambene nalokho, abadala asebekhulile banamathuba amaningi okuba nezidakamizwa eziphikisana negazi futhi ngaleyo ndlela banciphise amathuba abo.
Izimpawu ze-Hypertension Emangalisa
Ngenxa yokuthi i-hypertension engathandeki yithinta izitho ezibucayi kakhulu ekushintsheni kwegazi, izimpawu zixhomeke kakhulu endaweni yokulimala kwamathambo. Ezinye zezibonakaliso ezivamile zihlanganisa:
- Umbono ogqamile
- Izinwele
- Ubuhlungu besifuba
- Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungavamile
- I-Nosebleed
- Ukuphelelwa umoya
- Ukulinganisa, ukuphazamiseka, ukushisa, noma ukuzwa kwesikhumba
- Ukuphelelwa amandla noma isiyezi
- Ukukhishwa komchamo okunciphise
- Ukudabuka noma ukuhlanza
- Isimo sengqondo esishintshileyo
- Ama-capillari e-retinal eqhuma
- Ukuzizwa
Yize lezi zimpawu zingekho kuphela emfuthweni wegazi ophezulu, zihlotshaniswa nezimo ezinzima ezinjengokuhlasela kwenhliziyo, ukushaya isifo noma ukuhluleka kwezinso. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu sodwa, izimpawu ezinjengalezi akufanele zikhishwe.
Ukwelapha I-Hypertension Emangalisa
Ukuxilongwa kwesifo somfutho wegazi obizayo kwenziwa ngokuthatha umfutho wegazi lomuntu. Labo abathintekayo kufanele bavunyelwe ngokushesha esibhedlela ukuze babone ngokucophelela futhi belashwe. Kuncike ekutheni lesi senzakalo sibi kangakanani, ukungena ekunakekelweni okujulile kungadingeka.
Izidakamizwa ezingatheni zizosetshenziselwa ukunciphisa kancane kancane umfutho wegazi, kuhlanganise ne-sodium nitroprusside ne-nitroglycerin. Izinso, ubuchopho, nomsebenzi wenhliziyo kungabuye ihlolwe ngokucophelela ukuhlola noma yikuphi ukungalungi okudinga usizo lokuphuthumayo.
Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, ukuchithwa kwegazi kungasetshenziswa uma izidakamizwa ezinamandla zingasebenzi ngokushesha.
Uma usuzinzile, ukuhlolwa kwe-imaging kungalawulwa ukuhlola noma yikuphi ukuphaphama okuphawulekayo noma ukulimala. Lokhu kungafaka i-ultrasound, i- computed tomography (CT) , noma i- imagery magnetic resonance (MRI) .
Lapho umuntu eqiniswa ngokwanele ukuba akhululwe, izidakamizwa ezibhekene ne-hypertensive ezifana ne- beta blockers noma i-ACE inhibitors zingahle zibekwe uma zingakaze zibe khona.
> Imithombo:
> Cremer, A .; Amraoui, F .; Lip, G. et al. "Kusukela ekugulweni kokweqile kwesifo somfutho wegazi ophezulu-I-MOD: incazelo yesimanje yesimo esiphuthumayo esidala kodwa esiyingozi." I-Journal of Hypertension Yabantu. 2016; 30: 463-466.
> Kessler, C. noJoudeh, Y. "Ukuhlola nokuphathwa kwe-Hypertension enkulu kakhulu." I-American Family Physician. 2010; 81 (4): 470-476.