Ukwanda kokuqhamuka kwempilo ephathekayo (mHealth) kuyaqhubeka nokukhiqiza i-buzz enkulu. Izitolo zemidiya ziyashesha ukumboza uhlelo lokusebenza olusha oluthambile oluthembisa ukunika amandla iziguli ukuze uthole impilo enhle noma ukusiza odokotela ukuba baphumelele futhi baphumelele. Ukubuyekezwa kwamuva okwenziwa yiYunivesithi yaseChicago kubonise ukuthi izinhlelo zokusebenza zezempilo ezitholakalayo esidlangalaleni zenzelwe iziguli.
Ngokuvamile bahlose ukuphathwa kahle nokuphathwa kwezifo. Lezi zigaba ezimbili zilandelwa izinhlelo zokusebenza zokuzihlola, izinhlelo zokusebenza zokuphatha imithi (izikhumbuzi zedijithali) kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza ze- portal ze- portal .
Kodwa-ke, izinhlelo zokusebenza eziningi ze-Health ziye zahlolwa ngendlela ehlukumezayo, ukuze singaqiniseki ukuthi zenza kahle ezithembisweni zabo. Inhloso yalesi sihloko akukona ukuphulukisa ikhono elisemthethweni lobuchwepheshe beMHealth ukuguqula ukunakekelwa kwempilo kanye nemiphumela yezempilo ngezindlela ezinhle, kodwa ukubonisa ukuthi izinhlelo zokusebenza ezingalungile zeMpilo kanye namadivayisi zingabangela kanjani imiphumela embi.
Kunezinhlobo eziningana zeziphambeko ezingase zihlukumeze uhlelo lokusebenza lwe-MHealth noma idivayisi. Uhlu aluphelelanga.
Akuvumelekile
Izinhlelo zokusebenza eziningi ze-Health noma amadivaysi aklanyelwe ukukala imingcele efana ne- blood glucose, ukucindezelwa kwegazi, umsebenzi womzimba , umsebenzi wephunga, amazinga e-oksijeni, nemilolo yezinhliziyo. Uhlelo lokusebenza noma idivaysi engavumelekile ilinganisa ipharamitha ngendlela engalungile, noma ngokucatshangelwa, ukuvezwa, noma ukuhlukunyezwa.
Cabanga ngohlelo lokusebenza oluthinta umfundi we-glucose umhluzi ukuguqula i-smartphone ibe imitha ye-glucose. Uma uhlelo lokusebenza lubonisa ukufunda okungavumelekile kwe-glucose futhi lincoma umthamo ongalungile we-insulini, khona-ke isiguli singase sibe namazinga aphansi noma ama-glucose aphezulu ngemva kokufakwa kwe-insulini.
Ezinye izilinganiso azizona izinombolo ezilula, kodwa kunalokho izigaba. Uhlelo lokusebenza olungavumelekile luzokwenza ukuthi i-parameter ingakapheli isigaba esingalungile. UJoel A. Wolf kanye nozakwabo abavela eNyuvesi yasePittsburgh bahlola ukunemba kwezinhlelo zokusebenza ze-smartphone ezihloswe ukuhlaziya izithombe zesikhumba sesikhumba futhi zilinganise amathuba okuthi izilonda zaziyi-melanomas.
Izinhlelo ezintathu kulezi zinhlelo zihlukumeze amaphesenti angu-30 noma ngaphezulu kwama-melanomas eqiniso njengobuningi. Enye isifundo nemiphumela ezithakazelisayo futhi yanyatheliswa uDkt. Christophe Wyss, isazi sezinhliziyo esivela ku-Heart Clinic Zurich eSwitzerland. Ithimba lakhe lihlolisise izinhlelo ze-smartphone zezohwebo ezilinganisa isilinganiso senhliziyo. Bathole ukungahambisani nokuchithwa kwabo kokuhlonza, ngamadivayisi angewona oxhumano abonisa ukunemba okuncane kunezinhlelo zokusebenza ezisekelwe othintana nabo.
Izinga lapho uhlelo lokusebenza olungavumelekile noma idivaysi eliyokwenyusa ukuphepha kwesiguli kuncike ekuqondeni nasezingeni eliphakeme lephutha, isimo sezempilo esibhekene naso siqondiswa, umongo lapho uhlelo lokusebenza lusetshenziswa khona, kanye nezinye izici.
Ayikwazi ukulungiswa
Uhlelo lokusebenza noma idivaysi engathembekile iveza ukwehluka ngokweqile lapho kulinganisa imingcele engashintshi. Isibonelo, uhlelo lokusebenza lwe-glucose yokulinganisa olungathembeki luzobonisa ukuthi i-glucose yegazi lomsebenzisi ishintshile kakhulu uma empeleni isigxile.
Qaphela ukuthi uhlelo lokusebenza noma idivayisi ingathembeka kepha ayivumelekile. Idivaysi ebeka phansi i-blood glucose nge-30 mg / dL ingathembeki kodwa ayivumelekile.
Akusekelwe ebufakazini
Uhlelo lokusebenza noma idivaysi engaxhomeki ebufakazini besayensi ingakwazi ukuletha ukuhlolwa noma ukuphakamisa ukwelashwa okungenamsebenzi okungcono, noma okulimazayo nakakhulu. Isimo esiphakathi wukuthi ubuchwepheshe beMHealth abuhlinzeki ngezici noma izingxenye ezaziwa ukuthi ziyazuzisa. Ake sithi udokotela usebenzisa uhlelo lokusebenza ukucacisa indlela yokwelashwa engcono kakhulu kwesiguli esiphethwe yi-asthma engalawuleki. Uma ngabe uhlelo lokusebenza luhluleka ukuncoma ukwelashwa okusekelwe ebufakazini (njenge-steroid e-inhaled), khona-ke isiguli singase sihlupheke ngokungadingekile.
Ezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-MHealth zibala iphrofayli engozini yesiguli ngokusekelwe kwidatha eqondene nesiguli. Isibonelo, i-cardiac yokubala ingozi ingasebenzisa iminyaka yesiguli, ubulili, isimo sokubhema, umfutho wegazi, amazinga e-cholesterol, nolunye ulwazi ukulinganisa ingozi yemicimbi yenhliziyo.
Ukungalungile okukhulu kulolu hlelo lokusebenza kungabangela abahlengikazi ukuba bahole izindlela eziyingozi noma ezingekho emthethweni.
Abahlinzeki bokunakekelwa kwezempilo kulindeleke ukuba basebenzise isinqumo sokutholwa komtholampilo ekunqumeni ukuthi bangabe benza ulwazi olunikezwa izinhlelo zokusebenza noma amadivaysi. Kodwa uhlelo lokusebenza olungalungile lungabonakala luthembekile. Iziguli noma abathengi abajwayelekile (izilaleli ezinkulu kunazo zonke izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-MHealth) azikwazi ngisho nokuhluleka ukunquma ukunemba kohlelo lokusebenza noma idivayisi. Ochwepheshe bathi izilingo ezilawulwa ngokungahleliwe (okuvame ukubhekwa njengezinga legolide ekucwaningeni) kudingeka ukuba ziqinisekise izinhlelo zokusebenza zeMpilo nemigomo yazo engaphansi. Ngokuyinhloko, kufanele sibheke ukulingwa ngamasampula amakhulu kanye nokulandelela okude. Kuze kube manje, abukho ubufakazi obukhulu bokusekela izimangalo ezenziwe izinhlelo zokusebenza eziningi zezempilo. Ngakho-ke, ucwaningo olwengeziwe luyadingeka ukuze kutholakale ukuthi eziningi zalezi zinhlelo zokusebenza zingaba ithuluzi eliwusizo ekunakekelweni kwezempilo. Kubalulekile ukuthi ochwepheshe bezempilo bazi ukuthi basebenzise kanjani izinhlelo zokusebenza ezintsha.
Okunye okucatshangwayo
Uhlelo lokusebenza olungalungile lungasuswa emakethe, njengoba kwakunjalo ngohlelo lokusebenza lwe- Pfizer's Rheumatology Calculator , okwakwenza izilinganiso ezingalungile zokuhlola umsebenzi wesifo kwiziguli ezine-arthritis ye-rheumatoid.
Kodwa ukususwa kusuka ezimakethe ze-intanethi kuvimbela ukulandwa okusha. Kuthiwani mayelana nezinhlelo zokusebenza ezivele zilandwe kwi-smartphone noma ithebulethi yomsebenzisi? Uma umsebenzisi engaqapheli ingozi, khona-ke ingozi iqhubeka.
Enye inkinga ebalulekile ukuphepha kolwazi lwezempilo olubucayi olugcinwe noma olufinyeleleka ngubuchwepheshe beMHealth. Iziguli nabahlengikazi bakhathazekile mayelana nokuphulwa kwedatha okungenzeka.
I-FDA ilawula ezinye izinhlobo zokusebenza zokusebenza zezempilo, kodwa ezinye zibhekwa njengengozi ephansi uma zingabhekwa njengamadivayisi wezokwelapha futhi zingabhekwa.
Nakuba kufanele siqaphele izingozi kanye nokulinganiselwa kwabo, izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-MHealth nazo ziyakwazi ukukhuthaza abantu ukuba benze izinqumo ezinempilo futhi bathathe imithwalo yemfanelo eminingi.
> Imithombo:
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> Cortez N, Cohen I, Kesselheim A. FDA Umthethonqubo wezobuchwepheshe bezeMpilo. I-New England Journal of Medicine 2014; 371 (4): 372-379.
> Covolo L, Ceretti E, Moneda M, Castaldi S, Gelatti U. Ingabe ubufakazi busekela ukusetshenziswa kwezinhlelo zokusebenza zefoni njengomshayeli wokugqugquzela indlela yokuphila enempilo ekuboneni kwempilo yomphakathi? Ukubuyekezwa okuhleliwe kwemizamo yokulawula engahleliwe. Imfundo yeziguli kanye nokululekwa 2017; 100: 2231-2243.
> Kao C, Liebovitz D. Izinhlelo zokusebenza zezempilo ze-Consumer Mobile: I-State Current, Izithiyo Neziqondiso Zesikhathi Esizayo. I-Pm & R 2017; 9 (5): S106-S115.
> Powell A, Landman A, Bates D. Ekufuneni izinhlelo zokusebenza ezimbalwa ezinhle. Jama 2014; 311 (18): 1851-1852.
> Wolf JA, Moreau JF, Akilov O, et al. Ukungaqondi kahle kwe-Smartphone Izicelo zokuthola i-Melanoma. I-JAMA Dermatology 2013; 149 (4): 422-426.