Kunamafoni amaningi emhlabeni kunamathoyilethi noma amabhantshi amazinyo. Abantu abaningi emhlabeni manje banokufinyelela efonini ephathekayo nesignali yeselula. Yize noma yibuphi ubuchwepheshe obukhona okwamanje bude nobude bokuxazulula izinkinga zanamuhla, akukaze kube khona amathuba okuzakhela ukuxhumeka komuntu siqu nokusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe obusha ngezindlela ezinenjongo.
Abaningi bangavuma ukuthi ubuchwepheshe buyandisa izinga lokuphila cishe wonke umuntu.
Emazweni lapho ukunakekelwa kokunakekelwa kwezempilo kunzima futhi ingqalasizinda ayimpofu, "iMHealth" ingadlala indima ebalulekile ekusunguleni ukuhlukaniswa phakathi kwezwe elithuthukile nelikhulayo.
Ngesizo socingo oluhamba phambili, izifo manje sezilula ukuzihlola nokulandelela, ulwazi lungasakazwa ngokushesha futhi lufinyelele abantu abaningi, futhi imfundo yezempilo e-intanethi isheshe itholakale izakhamizi ezizweni ezisathuthuka ezingenakulondolozwa.
Ukuthola Imibiko Yombhalo Wezempilo Emhlabeni Wonke
Enkulumweni yakhe eZizwe Ezihlangene, uNancy Finn, umbhali nomcabango ocabanga ngomthelela wokukhulumisana kwedijithali, wethule amaphrojekthi amashayeli aphumelelayo nephefumulelayo aqhubekayo emhlabeni othuthukayo.
Imisebenzi Yomyalezo Omfushane (i-SMS), isibonelo, manje isetshenziselwa kakhulu ukufundisa abantu futhi inikeze ngolwazi lwezempilo ngemikhuba emihle.
EBangladesh, omama abasha nabalindayo bangene ukungena ekutholeni izikhumbuzi ze-SMS ngesonto elilodwa mayelana nokuhlola, imithi kanye neziqondiso zokudla. Kuzo zonke i-Afrika, ukuthumela imiyalezo ngezilimi zendawo kuthunyelwa kubasebenzisi befoni ukuze babatshele ngezinhlelo zokugoma, ukuvimbela ukushaywa ngculaza, ukudla okunomsoco nokuhlanzeka okuyisisekelo.
Ukungenelela kwefoni ephathekayo kusetshenziswa ukuthumela imiyalezo kuye kwaxoshwa eCambodia, ePhilippines naseDemocratic Republic of Congo ukusiza ngesifo sikashukela ukuzilawula.
Abacwaningi abavela eNyuvesi yase-Oxford, e-UK, bavele baqhuba isifundo sokuqala sokusebenzisa ifoni ephathekayo ngesikhathi sokugula emaphandleni aseChina naseNdiya. Imiphumela yabo yanyatheliswa emaphephandabeni we- World Development . Abalobi basikisela ukuthi, ngokuvamile, ukusetshenziswa kwefoni yeselula kuhlotshaniswa nokufinyelela kangcono ukunakekelwa kwezempilo . Kodwa-ke, kwakukhona nemiphumela emibi, njengezindleko eziphakeme zokwelapha okungadingekile nokuhlukaniswa kwempilo okungaphezu kwezempilo kwalabo abangenawo ucingo.
Ubuchwepheshe bezindawo ezikude
Imizamo yezempilo yeDemocratic ezweni elithuthukayo yenza ukunakekelwa kwezempilo kufinyeleleke kulabo ezindaweni ezikude. Ezindaweni lapho kungase kube khona amanzi noma ugesi, kodwa kukhona isignali yeselula, izivivinyo, nezivivinyo manje ezingenziwa futhi zihunyushwe ngosizo lobuchwepheshe bedijithali.
Isibonelo, izithombe zamathishu okusolisayo zingathathwa ngomakhalekhukhwini bese zithunyelwa ochwepheshe esibhedlela sendawo (noma phesheya) ukuze uthole imibono yokuhlola nokwelashwa.
EBotswana, izisebenzi zezempilo zendawo zithatha izithombe zesikhumba sezifo zegciwane lesandulela ngculazi futhi zizithumele ukubuyekezwa kochwepheshe ngokusebenzisa amafoni abo.
Lolu hlobo lokuxhumana lwedijithali lusetshenziselwe ukuhlolwa komdlavuza wesibeletho.
Ukwehluleka kwama laboratories akhethekile kuyinye inselelo emazweni asathuthuka. I-microscope ye-Nikon Coolscope digital iyisibonelo sedivayisi eyenza ukuhlaziywa kwesampula okunembile kungakhathaliseki indawo. Ngemuva kokuthi isampula yamathambo ithathwe futhi ihlukaniswe, ifakwa ngaphakathi kwe-Coolscope. Idivaysi iyakwazi ukufanisa isithombe futhi isithumele nge-satellite kusikhungo esikude, esikhethekile esingasicubungula kungakapheli imizuzu engu-30, okungenzeka sisindise impilo yomsebenzisi.
Ulwazi, futhi, lungahamba ngokushesha kakhulu ngosizo lobuchwepheshe bedijithali nezindlela zokuxhumana zamanoveli.
U-Patricia Monthe, owavela eCameroon, uchaza ukuthi ulahlekelwe kanjani udadewabo esemncane ngenxa yokuhlushwa okungalungile. I-Monthe manje ikhuthaza indawo ebonakalayo engakwazi ukuletha kalula imithombo yezempilo kubachwepheshe kanye neziguli emazweni asathuthuka futhi ukwandise amathuba okusinda iziguli ezinjengodadewabo.
Izifundo phakathi kochwepheshe bezempilo emazweni asathuthuka kubonisa ukuthi ukuqeqeshwa nokuphathwa kuzodingeka ukuthi kusetshenziswe ngokugcwele amathuba okusebenza kwemisebenzi yezempilo. Imzamo engaphezulu ingalindelwa kule domain eminyakeni ezayo.
Ukuthuthukiswa kwezwe elikhulayo
Akuyona yonke into emisha eqala eNtshonalanga futhi ithunyelwa kwezinye izingxenye zomhlaba. UJeffrey Immelt, isikhulu esiphezulu seGeneral Electric, ubonisa ukuthi amazwe asathuthuka anezici ezithile eziyingqayizivele ezingabenza babe nobuciko ngokwengeziwe lapho befuna izixazululo ezibiza izindleko ezinkingeni zansuku zonke. Ithimba likaGenerali e-China lenzelwe i-ultrasound ephathekayo engangena kwi-laptop. Akuyona nje kuphela ukuthi le divayisi ibiza kakhulu kunomlingani wayo wendabuko, kodwa kungenzeka futhi ukuyisebenzisa ezindaweni ezisemakhaya. U-General Electric wabe esethatha isinyathelo esengeziwe futhi athuthukise i-ultrasound ephathekayo ebiza okungaphansi kwamaRandi ayi-8,000 uma kuqhathaniswa no-$ 100,000 wedivaysi ye-ultrasound yendabuko.
I-innovative manje itholakale e-United States, isayine umkhuba omusha wemisha emisha evela emazweni asathuthuka efaka izimakethe ezithuthukisiwe.
> Imithombo
> Finn, N. Indlela ukuxhumana kwedijithali kuthinta kanjani imiphumela yezempilo emazweni asathuthuka. I-United Nations 58 th Session of Commission mayelana nesimo sabafazi. Kufinyelelwe kusuka ku- http://e-patients.net/u/2014/03/UN-presentation.4.pdf
> Haenssgen M, Ariana P. I-Social Implications of Technology Ukusabalalisa: Ukuthola Imiphumela Engalindelekile Yefoni Yezintambo Ezihlobene NezeMpilo Sebenzisa eNingizimu Afrika naseChina. Ukuthuthukiswa Komhlaba , 2017; 94: 286-304.
> Josefien Van O, Guy K, François S, et al. Umthelela wokusekelwa komlayezo wombhalo wesifo sikashukela ekuziphatheni komuntu emazweni asathuthuka - Isivivinyo esingakahleleki. Journal of Endocrinology Clinic & Translational, 2017; 7: 33-41.
> Kim S, Patel M, Hinman A. Ukubukeza: Ukusebenzisa m-Impilo ekuqedeni i-polio kanye neminye imisebenzi yokugoma emazweni asathuthuka. Umgomo , 2017; 35: 1373-1379.
> Marufu C, Maboe K. Izihloko Eziphelele: Ukusetshenziswa kweMpilo Yamaselula ngodokotela wezempilo eZimbabwe. I-Health SA Gesondheid [i-serial online], 2017.