Ukumiswa kwe-patella kwenzeka uma i-kneecap ikhishwa ngaphandle kwe-groove ekupheleni kwethanga lesenzeni. I-kneecap ihlala ihanjiswa ngaphandle kwe-groove. Uma kwenzeka i- patella dislocation eyenzekayo, cishe kunokwenzeka ukuthi kuzophinde kwenzeke esikhathini esizayo.
Ukuqonda ukuthi kungani i-kneecap ehlukaniswayo iyisihluthulelo sokuthola ukwelashwa okufanele.
Kwamanye abantu, ukuvumelanisa kwethambo noma isisu kungaba yinkinga, kwabanye, kungase kube khona umgogodla ophukile. Uma kunqunywa ukuthi ukwelashwa kuyindlela yokwelashwa engcono kunazo zonke, khona-ke ukunquma ukuhlinzekwa okuqondile kuyisinyathelo esibaluleke kakhulu ukuvimbela ukususwa okuzayo.
Ukwelapha Okungahlosiwe
Ngokwesiko, ngemva kokususwa kwe-patella kokuqala, ukwelashwa okungewona ukwelashwa kunconywa. Ukwelapha okungenakutholakali ngokuvamile kuhlanganisa ukwelapha ngokomzimba ukuqinisa imisipha emadolweni kanye nokusetshenziswa kwesandla ukuze usize ukubamba i-kneecap ngendlela efanele. Yeka indlela ukwelashwa okungeyona ukwelapha okuphumelelayo ekuvimbeleni ukuxoshwa kwesikhathi esizayo kungabonakala, kodwa odokotela abaningi banomuzwa wokuthi kubalulekile ukucacisa ukuthi lokhu kwakuyisenzakalo esisodwa, noma ngabe kungenzeka ukuthi kube yinkinga ephindaphindiwe. Ukuhlinzwa okusheshayo ngemva kokuhlukaniswa kwesikhathi sokuqala akuzange kuboniswe ukuthi kuzuze.
Odokotela abaningi abahlinzayo bayavuma, uma i-kneecap ihlukana izikhathi eziningi, khona-ke ukuhlinzwa kufanele kucatshangelwe.
Uma i-kneecap ihlukana, kungenzeka ukulimaza i-cartilage emadolweni, okuholela engozini yokwandisa i- arthritis yamadolo . Lapho ukuxuleka okuningi kwenzeka, ukuhlinzwa kwe-patellar ukuzinza kufanele kucatshangelwe.
Ukukhishwa kwe-Lateral
Ukukhululwa ngokusemthethweni kuyindlela elula futhi ejwayelekile eyenziwa ukubhekana nokungaqiniseki kwe-patellar .
Ngenxa yokuthi i-kneecap idonselwa ngaphandle kwamadolo, ukukhululwa kwe-lateral kudonsa i-capsule ehlangene (i-retinaculum) ngaphandle kwe -knee-joint . Umqondo uwukukhulula ukudonsa ngaphandle futhi ngethemba lokuthi kungcono ukubeka i-kneecap ngaphakathi kwendawo ekupheleni kwethanga lesenzeni. Ukukhululwa okusemthethweni kungenziwa kanye nendawo yokwakha noma ukuvuselelwa kwe-MPFL (bheka ngezansi).
Imbrication Medical / Reefing
Ukwelashwa kwezokwelapha kuyinkqubo yokuqinisa izicubu ezingxenyeni zangaphakathi zamadolo. Njengoba nje ukukhululwa kwe-lateral kukhulula izakhiwo ezidonsa i-kneecap ngaphandle, imbobo yomzimba iqinisa izakhiwo ezingxenyeni zangaphakathi zamadolo. Indlela ejwayelekile kunazo zonke yokuqinisa uhlangothi lwangaphakathi lomdolo iqhubekisela phambili ukunamathiswa kwemisipha ye-quadriceps ku-kneecap engxenyeni yangaphakathi yamadolo.
Ukulungiswa kwe-MPFL / Ukwakhiwa kabusha
Inqubo yesimanje kakhulu eyenziwa ngamakheli okuhlukanisa i-patellar i- ligament ebalulekile ebizwa ngokuthi i-ligament medial patellofemoral, noma i-MPFL. I-MPFL iyinhlangano ephakathi kokuphela kwethambo lethanga (femur) nohlangothi lwangaphakathi lwe-kneecap (i-patella). Lapho i-kneecap ihlukana, i-MPFL ihlale idiliziwe.
Ngokulimala kanzima , kungenzeka ukulungisa i-MPFL.
Lokhu kuyiqiniso kuphela ekuhambisweni kwesikhathi sokuqala okubhekiswe ngokuhlinzwa okusheshayo. Ngakho-ke, abanye odokotela abahlinzayo bakhuthaza ukuhlinzeka ngokushesha emva kokususwa kwe-patella kokuqala ukulungisa i-MPFL, naphezu kokuthi lokhu akuzange kuboniswe ukunciphisa ukudluliswa okuphindaphindiwe.
Ngemuva kokuhlukaniswa okuphindaphindiwe, ukuze kulungiswe i-MPFL, kufanele kube nomgudu omusha. Lokhu kungenziwa ngokusebenzisa i-ligament noma i-tendon evela kwenye indawo emzimbeni wakho, noma kusuka kumnikeli (cadaver). Igamentamende elisha le-MPFL lidalwe futhi linamathele ku-thighbone ne-kneecap. Le MPFL esanda kuvuselelwa ibuye ibambe i-kneecap ngendlela efanele.
I-Bone Realignment / Fulkerson Inqubo
Kwezinye iziguli, i-anatomy yabo ayijwayelekile futhi inomthelela ekutheni i-kneecap iphume ngokuhlanganyela. Inkinga ingaba yindawo engajulile ekupheleni kwethambo lethanga noma ukuvumelanisa okungavamile komkhawulo ophansi .
Kulezi zimo, ukuhlinzekwa okuvamile kuvumelana nomkhawulo ngokubeka i-tubercle ye-tibial emthanjeni we-shin. I-tubercle ye-tibial, i-bump phezulu kwe-bone, ihlanganisa ithenda le- patellar . Ngokubeka i-tubercle ye-tibial, i-patella ihanjiswa ngaphezulu engxenyeni yangaphakathi yamadolo.
Kunezinhlobo eziningi zokuhlinzwa okufeza lo msebenzi. Inqubo ye-Fulkerson iyona evame kakhulu futhi ibizwa ngokuthi udokotela ochaze le nqubo. Kunezinye izinqubo eziningana ezifanayo futhi ezibeka isifo se-tibial.
Rehab Ngemuva kokuhlinzwa
I-Rehab ngemuva kokuhlinzwa ukulungisa kabusha i-patella iyashintsha. Ukubuyiselwa okungenani okude kunenkululeko yokukhishwa kwe-lateral, futhi irejista ende kunazo zonke izinqubo zokubuyisela amathambo. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi inqubo yenzani, ukucindezeleka okuvame kakhulu emva kokuhlinzwa kungukuqina komdolo . Ukuthola amandla evamile nokuhamba okutholakale ngemuva kokuhlinzwa kungathatha izinyanga noma ngaphezulu.
Njengoba kushiwo ekuqaleni kwalesi sihloko, isinyathelo esibaluleke kunazo zonke ukucacisa ukuthi ukuhlinzekwa okungcono kakhulu kuncike kwisimo ngasinye. Akuwona wonke ama-kneecap ahlukaniswa ngenxa yezizathu ezifanayo, ngakho-ke akuzona zonke izindlela zokwelapha ezifanayo. Ukubona udokotela ohlinzayo owazi izimbangela kanye nokwelashwa kwama-kneecap ukudluliselwa kubalulekile.
Nakuba ukuhanjiswa kwe-patella kungenzeka ngemva kokuhlinzwa, akuvamile kakhulu. Iningi leziguli zingabuyekeza izinga labo lokulimala ngaphambi kokulimala ngaphandle kokufaka ingozi yokususa i-kneecap yabo.
Imithombo:
I-Hing CB, et al. "Ukuhlinzekwa okungahambisani nokuhlinzekwa okungewona okuhlinzekwa ukuphathwa kwe-patellar dislocation" Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2011 Nov 9; 11: CD008106.
I-Andrish J. "Ukuphathwa kwe-patellar dislocation ejwayelekile" i-Orthop Clin North Am. 2008 Jul; 39 (3): 313-27.