Izinto P Zinemiphumela emihle
Indlela i-Substance P eyayikwazi ngayo
Izinto P zaqala ukutholwa ngo-1931, kodwa ukubaluleka kwayo emzimbeni kwathatha amashumi eminyaka ukuze kuqedwe. Ngawo-1950, kwakunqunywa ukuthi impahla P yayiyi-neurotransmitter. Amaseli amagundane axhumane ngama-neurotransmitters. Izinto P zatholakala ukuthi zisebenza njengomthumeli wezinhlungu zephondo lokwehla. Uphondo lwe-dorsal luqukethe ama-neurons we-sensory futhi luyatholakala kuwo wonke amazinga omgogodla.
Ngomnyaka we-1970, izakhiwo zezinto eziphilayo ze-substance P zavezwa. Into P ibhekwe njengeprotheni eyakhiwe ngokulandelana kwama-amino acids.
Umsebenzi Wezinto P emzimbeni
Izifundo eziningi zezilwane kanye ne-in vitro zenziwa ukuze umsebenzi weP substance P emzimbeni ube ngcono kangcono. Abacwaningi bathola ukuthi i-substance P ibangela ubuhlungu ngenqubo eyaziwa ngokuthi i-nociception. I-nociceptor iyinhlangano ye-neuron noma isisindo sezinzwa ezithinta isisindo esilimazayo ngokusayina intambo yomgogodla nobuchopho. I-nociception ibangela umbono wezinhlungu. Kwafunyanwa futhi ukuthi imfucumfucu P inemiphumela emibi kakhulu.
Izinto P kanye ne-receptor yayo eyinhloko, i-neurokinin-1 (NK-1) receptor, ikhona kwi-neurons etholakala kulo lonke i-neuroaxis (i-axis egijima ebuchosheni nasendongeni yomgogodla). Lezo zi-neurons zidlala indima ebuhlungu, ekucindezelekeni nasekukhathazeni. Izinto P nazo zikhona ohlelweni lwesimiso se-central central system, kuhlanganise ne-hypothalamus ne-amygdala.
Lezi zindawo zihlobene nokuziphatha ngokomzwelo.
Ngaphandle kokubona ubuhlungu, ukucindezeleka, nokukhathazeka, izinto P ziye zatholakala ukuthi zidlala indima kwezinye izimpendulo ze-physiologic eziningi:
- ukuhlanza
- ukuziphatha okuzivikela
- shintsha ngezwi le-cardiovascular
- ukugqugquzela ukufihla kwe-salivary
- ukukhwabanisa kwe-muscle smooth
- i-vasodilation
Izinto P ne-Arthritis
Abacwaningi baye bahlola ukubandakanya kwezinto ezidalwa yi-P enesifo samarthritis nesifo sokuvuvukala. Ngokwezinto eziphathekayo P ukuze udlale indima e-arthritis, isimiso sezinzwa kufanele sithinteke ekuthandeni i-arthritis. Kumelwe kube nokutholakala kwezinzwa zesisindo kuhlangene . Okunye okutholakele kusikisela ukuthi kunjalo:
- Izinto P zitholakala ezindaweni ezithile eziyinhloko.
- Izinto P zikhona ekuhlungeni okuphezulu emzimbeni we- synovial weziguli zesifo se- rheumatoid arthritis .
- Inombolo yezinto ezibonakalayo P imitholampilo ihlukile kumathishu ye-rheumatoid.
Levine et al. kuhlongozwa ukuthi izindlela ze-neural zinganikeza incazelo yezici ezithile ezivelele ze-arthritis ye-rheumatoid: amalunga athile angakwazi ukuthuthukisa isifo samathambo; Amalungu athile ahlakulela isifo samathambo amaningi; futhi iphethini lamajoyina abathintekayo yi-arthritis ye-rheumatoid iyamanye amazwe futhi ihambisana. Lotz et al. wathola enye inselelo engaba yinto engokwemvelo P in arthritis. ULotz kanye neqembu lakhe babonisa ukuthi izinto ezidakamizwa P zingakhuthaza i-synoviocytes (amaseli synovial) ku-arthritis ye-rheumatoid. Izinto P zanda ukukhululwa kwe-prostaglandin ne-collagenase kusuka ku-synoviocytes.
Ukubhekela Izinto P
Ingabe uphenyo indima ye-substance P uhlinzekele umgomo omusha wezokwelapha we-arthritis ye-rheumatoid?
Hhayi kahle. Kodwa, abacwaningi bathi kukhona okungenzeka ukuthi umphikisi we-NK1 we-receptor (i-blocker) ukwakhiwa njengendlela yokwelapha isifo samathambo e-rheumatoid. Okwamanje:
- I-glucocorticoids inganciphisa ukuvuvukala okuvela emathunzini omzimba ngokunciphisa inkulumo ye-NK-1, kuyilapho ukwandisa ukukhiqizwa kwe-enzyme eyenza ukuchithwa kwempahla P.
- I- capsaicin ye- topical ingakwazi ukuchitha izinto ezivela P kusukela ekupheleni kwezinzwa zendawo ukuze kunciphise ubuhlungu. Ngokwe-rheumatologist, uScott J. Zashin, MD, i-capsaicin ingathatha amasonto angu-1 kuya kwangu-4 ukusebenza. Ukuze kugcinwe inzuzo yokuphumula kobuhlungu, i-capsaicin kumele isetshenziswe kabusha ngokusho kweziqondiso.
Indima yezinto P in Pain Acute Ukulandela Ukuhlinzwa
Ulwazi mayelana nendima yezinto ezidakamizwa P in ubuhlungu obukhulu bokunakekelwa kobuhlungu ngemuva kokuhlinzwa kwabaguli abanezimo ezivuthayo ezivuvukalayo cishe kuncane, njengolwazi mayelana nesixhumanisi phakathi kokuguquguquka kwesimo seP P nobuhlungu obukhulu. Ngokusho kwe-PLoS One (2016), abacwaningi bacwaninga ukuhlanganiswa phakathi kokuguquguquka kwesimo se-P nokushintsha kabuhlungu kweziguli ezinesifo samathambo esesifo sofuba esathola ukuhlinzwa kwamathambo. Bathola ukuthi ukuhlanganiswa phakathi kobuhlungu obukhulu nobuhlungu be-P Pumum ye-serum kwenzeka ngemuva kokusebenza kweziguli ezine-arthritis ye-rheumatoid, kodwa ayitholakali emveleni wamanzi.
> Imithombo:
> Garret NE et al. Indima yezinto P ngesifo samathambo . Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 1992; 51: 1014-1018.
> Keeble and Brain. Indima Yezinto Ezibizwa Nge-Arthritis? Izincwadi Ze-Neuroscience. Umqulu 361. Imibuzo 1-3, 6 Meyi 2004. Amakhasi 176-179
> Levine JD, Collier DH, Basbaum AI, Moskowitz MA, Usiza CA. I-hypothesis: isimiso sezinzwa singase sibe nomthelela ekwenzeni i-pathophysiology ye-arthritis ye-rheumatoid. I-Journal of Rheumatology. 1985, 12 (3): 406-411.
> Lisowska, B. et al. Izinto P kanye nobuhlungu obukhulu ezigulini ezithinta ukuhlinzwa. PLoS One. 2016 Jan 5; 11 (1): e0146400. i-doi: 10.1371 / iphephandaba.pone.0146400.
> Lotz M, Carson DA, uVaughan JH. Izinto P ukusebenza kwe-synoviocytes yesifo sofuba: indlela ye-neural ku-pathogenesis ye-arthritis. Isayensi. 1987 Feb 20; 235 (4791): 893-5.
> O'Connor T et al. Indima yezinto P ekukhuseleni Izifo. I-Journal ye-Cell Physiology. 2004 Nov; 201 (2) 167-80.