Mhlawumbe uzwile ngomuntu ogama lakhe lakhuliswa ngenkathi sine-mono ukutheleleka, noma mhlawumbe omunye wabangani bakho ulimele ipeni labo engozini yemoto. Nokho, abantu abaningi abazi ngisho nalapho kutholakala khona.
Iphutha lakho liseceleni elingenhla kwesokunxele kwesisu sakho. Isisu nesinye sokuphela kwe-pancreas (okuthiwa umsila) sisondelene kakhulu nayo.
Ngokuvamile, i-pengu ayikwazi ukuzwakala ekuhlolweni, njengoba iqhutshwa ngaphansi kwe-ribcage. Kodwa-ke, uma i-spleen yakho ikhulisa, ebizwa ngokuthi i-splenomegaly, udokotela wakho (noma wena) angakwazi ukukuzwa.
Iyini Inyoka Yakho?
I-spleen iyisitho esikhethekile esinemisebenzi eminingi. Kubhekwa njengelungu le-lymphatic system ehlanganisa i-lymph nodes, amathani, nama-adenoids. Umsebenzi walo omkhulu ukukhipha "ukungcola" kusuka ekusakazweni kwegazi.
I-spleen isifana nesiponingi esinamathole amancane kuwo (okuthiwa ama-sinusoids). Wonke igazi lethu lihlungwa yi-spleen. Omunye wemisebenzi yawo ukususa amabhaktheriya egazini. Ikakhulukazi, i-spleen ibalulekile ekukhipheni lokho okubizwa ngokuthi amabhaktheriya afakwe ngaphakathi kwegazi. Uma i-spleen ingasebenzi kahle noma kufanele isuswe ngokuhlinzwa, usengozini ephezulu yokutheleleka kulawa ma-bacteria.
I-spleen yindawo lapho amangqamuzana egazi amakwe ukubhujiswa amasosha omzimba asuswe.
Lokhu kwenzeka ezimweni ezifana ne- autoimmune i-hemolytic anemia (amangqamuzana egazi abomvu) ne- immune thrombocytopenia (amaplatelets).
I-spleen iphinda ihlole ikhwalithi yamaseli ethu abomvu. Uma iseli elibomvu legazi seliseduze ekupheleni kwenkathi yalo yokuphila noma ayikwazi ukuhamba ngendlela yegazi ngokufanelekile, i-spleen iyisusa ekujikelezeni.
Futhi uma kunezinto ezisezinqamuzaneni ezibomvu zegazi okungadingeki zibe khona, i-spleen ingasusa lezi zinto.
Iziphi Izimo Zezokwelapha Ezithinta I-Spleen?
I-spleen ingathinteka yizimo eziningi zezokwelapha; ake sibukeze abambalwa:
- Isifo se-sickle cell : E-sickle cell isifo, amangqamuzana egazi abomvu agwetshiwe awahambisani nezimo futhi angabanjwa ngepeni, okwenza ukuba ipeni lande. Njengoba amangqamuzana abomvu amaningi futhi abomvu abanjwe ngepeni, ithola inkulu futhi inkulu. Lokhu kuthiwa yi-splenic sequestration crisis futhi kungabangela i-anemia engadinga ukumpontshelwa igazi. Amaseli abomvu agulayo aphinde awononge izicubu ze-spleen, eholela esitezini esingenakusebenza ngendlela evamile. Yingakho abantu abanesifo se-sickle cell basengozini enkulu yokutheleleka.
- I-Thalassemia : Ekuqaleni kokuthuthukiswa (ngaphambi kokubeletha), isilwane sinesibopho sokwenza amaseli egazi. E-thalassemia, umnkantsha wamathambo unenkinga yokwenza amangqamuzana egazi abomvu, ngakho-ke isilwane sandisa ngokuzama ukukhiqiza amanye amangqamuzana egazi abomvu.
- I-spherocytosis ye-Hereditary : E-spherocytosis yefa, ama-red cells amangqamuzana ajwayelekile futhi abanjwe ngepeni. Lokhu kungaholela ku-splenomegaly. Ukwengeza, ngenxa yesimo esingavamile, zisuswe kusengaphambili ngengubo. Kwezinye iziguli ezine-anemia enkulu, ukususwa kwe-spleen kungase kube ukwelashwa okunconyiwe.
- Izifo: Kuyinto engavamile ukutheleleka kwegciwane ukuze i-pleen ikhuliswe. Lokhu kufana nesikhathi lapho i-lymph nodes entanyeni yakho ikhuliswa ngesikhathi sokugula. Ukutheleleka okuvame kakhulu okuhlotshaniswa nokukhuliswa kwamapeni yi "mono" noma i-mononucleosis, ebangelwa igciwane le-Epstein Barr. Futhi, ngaphandle kwe-United States, i-malaria iyimbangela enkulu ye-splenomegaly.
- I-Cancer: I-spleen ibhekwa njenge-lymph organ, futhi ingabandakanyeka ku-lymphomas (umdlavuza we-lymphatic system). Kungabuye kwandiswe ku-leukemia, umdlavuza wegazi elimhlophe.
- I-myeloproliferative neoplasms : Abantu abane-myelofibrosis eyinhloko noma i-polycythemia vera kaningi bane-splenomegaly njengengxenye yesimo sabo.
- I-hypertension ye-Portal : Ku-hypertension yama-portal, igazi alikwazi ukugeleza kalula kusuka esitebeleni singene esibindi, okubangela ukugxila kwegazi esitheni okubangelwa i-splenomegaly.
- I-Trauma: I-Trauma ku-spleen, njengoba ingabonakala engozini yemoto, ingalimaza noma isika uhlangothi.
- Izimo zokuvuvukala: Izimo zokuvutha njenge-arthritis ye-rheumatoid, i-lupus, ne-sarcoidosis kungabangela ukuvuvukala esitheni okubangelwa ukuphuma kwe-splenomegaly.
Ungaphila Kanjani Ngaphandle Kwesitha?
Naphezu kwemisebenzi ebalulekile yelwane, ungahlala ngaphandle kweyodwa. Kwezinye izimo zezokwelapha, ukususwa kokuhlinzwa kwe-spleen (splenectomy) kungase kube ukwelashwa kokuzikhethela. Ngemuva kwe-splenectomy, usengozini enkulu yokutheleleka kwebhaktheriya. Lo mngcipheko ungancipha ngemigomo futhi ube nokuhlolwa kwezokwelapha okuphuthumayo uma uzwa umkhuhlane. Uma isundu sisusiwe, isibindi singathatha ukukhipha ukuguga noma amangqamuzana egazi abomvu ajwayelekile. Izinzuzo nezingozi ze-splenectomy kufanele zixoxwe nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo ngaphambi kokusebenza .
Izwi elivela
I-spleen iyisici esibalulekile nemisebenzi eminingi. I-splenomegaly, ukukhuliswa kwe-spleen, ngokuvamile kuyisibonakaliso sesinye isimo sezokwelapha. Ngokuvamile, iphathwa ngokuphatha isimo esibucayi. Nakuba i-splenectomy ingaba ukwelashwa okuwusizo kulezi zimo eziningi zezokwelapha, akudingeki ngaso sonke isikhathi. Uma kunconywa i-splenectomy, qiniseka ukuthi uxoxisana nodokotela wakho izizathu zokuthi kungani kufanele ube nokuhlinzwa nokuthi yiziphi izingozi ezingenzeka. Ekugcineni, abantu abaningi baphila impilo egcwele futhi enempilo ngaphandle kokuhamba kwabo.
> Imithombo:
> Schrier SL. (2017). Indlela yokuthola isiguli esingumdala nge-splenomeagaly nezinye izinkinga ze-splenic. Ku-TW Post, WC Mentzer noJS Tirnauer (eds.) UpToDate .
> McClain KL. (2017). Indlela eya kwengane ene-pleen ekhulisiwe. Ku-TW Post, uDH Mahoney, no-C Armbsy (eds.) UpToDate .