I-fluorescence In Hybridization Status
I-fluorescence in hybridization (FISH) ingenye yamasu amaningana asetshenziselwa ukusesha i-DNA yamaseli akho, efuna ukuba khona noma ukungabikho kwezakhi zofuzo ezithile noma izingxenye zezakhi zofuzo.
Izinhlobo eziningi zomdlavuza zihlotshaniswa nokungafani kahle kwezakhi zofuzo. Futhi ngezofuzo, asigcini nje ukukhuluma nge-heredity. Ngesikhathi sokuphila, amaseli angenza amaphutha uma ehlukanisa futhi ekhula.
Izinguquko ku-DNA ezihlotshaniswa nomdlavuza zingase ziqoqe kulezi zisele.
Usebenza kanjani amaFISH?
I-FISH iyindlela esebenzisa ama-probe e-fluorescent ukuthola izakhi ezithile zomzimba noma izingxenye zezakhi zofuzo (ukulandelana kwe-DNA). Izisebenzi zamabara labasebenzi bezokwelashwa kanye ne- oncologists zisebenzisa i-FISH ukusiza ukuhlola iziguli ezingaba nomdlavuza, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ukuqapha isiguli esivele sitholakale sinomdlavuza futhi siphathwa.
I-FISH ingenziwa ngokusebenzisa izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zesampuli ngokuya endaweni kanye nohlobo lomdlavuza osolwe: Amangqamuzana amathumba atholakala egazini legazi, kusuka emangeni we-bone oopsy noma kusuka ku-lymph node biopsy, kanye ne-formalin fixed-embedded tiscues (lokhu kubhekisela isampula yamathishu esetshenziswe ebhodini futhi ifakwe emgqeni wohlobo lwe-wax, okwenza kube lukhuni, ukuze ihlukaniswe zibe izingxenye ezincane futhi ifakwe ukubuka ngaphansi kwe-microscope).
Zithini Izincwadi?
I "H" e-FISH ibhekisela ekubambeni.
Ekulinganisweni kwamangqamuzana, i-DNA noma i-RNA ilandelana ngokulandelana isetshenziselwa iphenyo - ngeso lengqondo i-brick ebomvu i-Lego, uma uthanda. I-probe isetshenziselwa ukuthola i-Lego brick, noma ukulandelana kwe-DNA, kwisampula yezinto eziphilayo.
I-DNA ku-specimen yakho ifana namakholi wezitini ze-Lego, futhi izitini eziningi kulezi zinqwaba ngeke zihambisane nesibambiso sethu esibomvu.
Futhi zonke izitini zakho zihlelwe kahle zibe yizibili ezingu-23 zamakholi ezitini - inqwaba ngayinye ingenye yama-chromosomes akho anezintambo ezinezinhlangothi ezine, ngaphezulu noma ngaphansi. Ngokungafani nezitini ze-Lego, isimiso sethu se-Lego esiluhlaza sinjengomshini onamandla futhi sithola umdlalo ngaphandle kokuhlunga phakathi kwamapilisi.
I "F" ibhekisela ku-fluorescence. Iphenyo lethu elibomvu lingase lilahleke emilonyeni yezitini, ngakho-ke libizwa ngedayi ye-fluorescent enemibala ukuze livutha. Uma ithola umdlalo wayo phakathi kwamapulangwe angu-23 ahlanganisiwe, ithegi ye-fluorescent yembula indawo yayo. Ngakho-ke, manje ungabona ukuthi abacwaningi kanye nodokotela bangase basebenzise kanjani i-FISH ukuze basize ukuthi (yimuphi umqubu, noma i-chromosome) isakhi sofuzo esitholakala kumuntu onikeziwe.
I "I" ne "S" imele in situ . Lokhu kubhekisela eqinisweni ukuthi ibhande lethu elibomvu i-Lego lifuna umlinganiso walo ngaphakathi kwesampula owanikezile .
Kuthiwani Ngama-Cancer Aqondile Egazi?
Izinhlanzi nezinye izinqubo zokuxubungula kwe- in situ zisetshenziselwa ukuxilonga izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene ze-chromosomal-izinguquko ezakhiweni zofuzo, izinguquko kuma-chromosomes, kufaka phakathi okulandelayo:
Ukususwa - ingxenye ye-chromosome ishiyiwe
Ukudluliselwa kweminye - ingxenye ye-chromosome eyodwa ivule futhi ibambelele kwenye i-chromosome
Inversion - ingxenye ye-chromosome ivule futhi iphinde ibuyele emuva, kodwa ngokulandelana okulandelanayo
Ukuphindaphindiwe - ingxenye ye-chromosome ikhona kumakhophi amaningi ngaphakathi kweseli
Uhlobo ngalunye lomdlavuza lungase lube neqoqo layo lezinguquko ze-chromosomal kanye ne-probes efanele. I-FISH ayikusizi kuphela ukukhomba izinguquko zofuzo zokuqala ezinkingeni zesifo njengomdlavuza, kodwa ingasetshenziswa futhi ukuqapha impendulo yokwelapha nokubuyiswa kwezifo.
Izinguquko zofuzo ezitholakele nge-FISH ngezinye izikhathi zinikeza ulwazi oluthe xaxa mayelana nokuthi umdlavuza womuntu angase uziphathe kanjani, ngokusekelwe kulokho okuye kwabonwa esikhathini esidlule kubantu abanomhlobo ofanayo womdlavuza kanye nezinguquko ezifanayo zofuzo. Ngezinye izikhathi i-FISH isetshenzisiwe ngemuva kokuthola ukuxilongwa, ukuqoqa imininingwane eyengeziwe engasiza ukubikezela umphumela wesiguli noma ukwelashwa okungcono.
I-FISH ingakwazi ukukhomba okungajwayelekile kwe-chromosomal kuma-leukemi , kufaka phakathi ne-lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) engavamile. Ukuze i-lymphocytic leukemia / i-lymphocytic lymphoma encane, i-FISH ivumela iziguli ukuba zithole isigaba sabo sokubikezela: okuhle, esiphakathi, noma esimpofu. E-acute lymphoblastic leukemia (KONKE), izakhi zofuzo zamangqamuzana e-leukemic zingakutshela ngengozi yesifo somdlavuza kanye nokusiza ukuqondisa izinqumo zokwelapha.
Ama-panels e-FISH ayatholakala futhi nge-lymphoma, i-myeloma eminingi, izinkinga ze-plasma cell ezikhulayo kanye ne-myelodysplastic syndrome. Ngokwesibonelo, esimweni se- mantle cell lymphoma, kukhona ukudluliselwa okungenziwa yi-FISH okuthiwa i-GH / CCND1 t (11; 14) evame ukuhlotshaniswa nale lymphoma.
Kungani FISH?
Inzuzo ye-FISH ukuthi akudingeki yenziwe kumaseli ahlukana ngokukhululekile. Ukuhlolwa kwe-cytogenetic ngokuvamile kuthatha cishe amasonto amathathu, ngoba amangqamuzana omdlavuza kufanele akhule emabhodweni we-lab cishe amasonto amabili ngaphambi kokuba ahlolwe. Ngokuphambene, imiphumela ye-FISH ivame ukutholakala ebhodini ezinsukwini ezimbalwa.
> Imithombo:
> Amakhodi we-CPT wokuhlola i-Cancer Cytogenetic.
> I-fluorescence In Hybridization (i-FISH). http://www.genome.gov/10000206#al-2.
> I-fluorescence In Hybridization (i-FISH). http://www.nature.com/scitable/topicpage/fluorescence-in-situ-hybridization-fish-327.
> Wolff DJ, Bagg A, Cooley LD, et al. Isiqondiso se-Fluorescence ekuHlangeni kokuHlanganisa kwe-Status kuHematologic Disorders. I Journal of Molecular Diagnostics: I-JMD. 2007; 9 (2): 134-143.