Nakuba i-statins isibe yisisekelo sokunciphisa ingozi yenhliziyo phakathi neminyaka engamashumi amabili edlule, kuye kwaba nokuphikisana okuqhubekayo mayelana nokuthi izitembu ezizuzisayo zingabesifazane kanjani. Kule minyaka edlule, idatha evela ezinhlolweni eziningana zemitholampilo iye yasisekela, kodwa ingabonakali, ukusebenza kwezimiso zabesifazane abano-coronary artery disease (CAD) . Ukuphikisana kwathatha isinyathelo esikhulu ekuxazululeni isixazululo ngo-2015, noma kunjalo, lapho kuhlaziywa ukuhlolwa kwemithi yezilinganiso eziningana zomtholampilo, okuphetha ngokuthi izitatimende kubesifazane zibonakala ziphumelela njengamadoda.
Kungani Izitatimende Zibalulekile Kangaka?
Izidakamizwa ze-statin zibhekwa njengezibaluleke kakhulu emithinini yezinhliziyo ngoba yizo kuphela izidakamizwa ezinciphisa i-cholesterol eziye zaboniswa ngokucacile ngokunciphisa futhi ngokuthembekile ingozi yokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo, ukushaywa yilezi nokufa ezigulini ezinobungozi.
Eqinisweni, manje kubonakala kucacile ukuthi izitembu zenza okungaphezulu nje kokunciphisa amazinga akho e-cholesterol - anomphumela wokulwa nokuvuvukala; bayasiza ukuvimbela ukuvinjwa kwegazi okungavamile; bayasiza ekuqiniseni amapuletiki okugaya okuvame ukuholela ekuhlaselweni kwenhliziyo kanye nemivimbo; futhi banezinye izinzuzo eziwusizo kanye.
Izinzuzo eziyingqayizivele zezidakamizwa ze-statin ekuvimbeleni izinkinga zenhliziyo, ezibhalwe ezinhlolweni eziningana zomtholampilo ezibalulekile, kwenza odokotela abaningi bajabulele kakhulu ukusebenzisa lezi zidakamizwa ezigulini zabo ezinezifo zenhliziyo eziphakeme.
Kungani Kube Nokuphikisana Ngezitatimende Kwabesifazane?
Ukuphikisana kuye kwaba khona ngoba ubufakazi bokuthi ama-statins asebenza kahle ekuthuthukiseni imiphumela yezinhliziyo ziye zacaca kakhulu kwabesifazane kunamadoda.
Iminyaka eminingi, ukuhlolwa okukhulu kwemitholampilo okungahleliwe okubhalisa kokubili amadoda nabesifazane abaneziphambano zangaphambili ze- myocardial (ukushaya kwenhliziyo) noma i-coronary syndrome eyingozi , okungukuthi, kubantu abavele benesifo somzimba somzimba we-coronary (CAD) , baye babonisa ukuthi ama-statins asebenza kahle ekunciphiseni okulandelayo izenzakalo zenhliziyo, kuhlanganise nokuhlaselwa kwenhliziyo nokufa.
Kubantu abangakabi ne-CAD, kodwa ukuthi ingozi ye-CAD iphezulu kangakanani, ukuhlolwa okungahleliwe nakho kubonise imiphumela eyenziwe ngcono ye-cardiovascular with statins, nakuba ngezinga eliphansi.
Kodwa uma uhlaziya imiphumela etholakala kuphela phakathi kwabesifazane ababhalisile kulezi zivivinyo zomtholampilo, izinzuzo zama-statins ziye zahluleka ukufinyelela okubaluleka kwezibalo. Okusho ukuthi, izinzuzo zama-statins kwabesifazane azizange zivikeleke.
Kuyini Incazelo Yokwehluleka Kwebufakazi?
Yilapho ukuphikisana kuye kwaba khona. Kube khona izincazelo ezimbili ezingenzeka. Okwokuqala, yilokho okungenzeka ukuthi ama-statins asebenzi kahle nakwabesifazane njengamadoda. Iningi labachwepheshe baye bacabanga ukuthi yilokho okwenzekayo. Incazelo yesibili imane nje ukuthi abesifazane abanele abhalisiwe ezinkulweni zomtholampilo ezikhona ukuze kubonakale ngezibalo ukuthi ukusebenza kwama-statins. Eqinisweni, iningi lalezi zilingo, ubukhulu bezinzuzo ezibonwe nezitembu zibonakala zifana nabesifazane njengabesilisa, kodwa abesifazane abangekho ababhalisile ukuze bafinyelele okubaluleka kwamanani kulolo zinga lokuzuzisa.
Uyini ubufakazi obusha?
Ekuqaleni kuka-2015, ukuhlaziywa okukhulu kwe-meta kushicilelwe ekubikeni kwe- Lancet ukuthi, uma izinga lezinhliziyo zenhliziyo libhekwa, izitembu zibonakala sengathi ziphumelela kakhulu kwabesifazane kunamadoda.
Lolu cwaningo olwenziwa yi-Cholesterol Treatment Trialists '(CTT) Ukubambisana, kwahlaziywa izilingo ezingama-27 ezinomtholampilo ezinamakhomishini, okwakubhalise ngokuphelele abesifazane abangaphezu kuka-46 000. Ukuhlaziywa ngale namba enkulu yabesifazane baphetha ngokuthi izitembu ziphumelela kubesifazane njengamadoda ekunciphiseni ingozi elandelayo yezenzakalo ezinkulu zenhliziyo. (Lezi zigameko ezinkulu zenhliziyo zazihlanganisa ukuhlaselwa kwenhliziyo, ukushaya , isidingo samagundane noma ukuhlinzwa okudlulayo , nokufa komzimba.) Umphumela onenzuzo wama-statins wawulingana nabesilisa nabesifazane kuwo wonke amazinga enengozi yempilo.
Ingabe Izitatimende Kufanele Zisetshenziswe Kwabesifazane?
Manje singasho ukuthi ubufakazi obuhle obukhona bubonisa ukuthi izitho zomzimba ziwusizo kubesifazane njengoba zikhona emadodeni, futhi ngokuqhubekayo, ukuthi ubulili besiguli akufanele kube yinto ebalulekile ekunqumeni ukuthi noma sebenzisa yini izitembu.
Ukunquma ukwelashwa kwe-statin kufanele kususelwe ezingeni lezinkinga zakho zenhliziyo, futhi ngokucatshangisisa kwakho nodokotela wakho ngokuqondene nezinzuzo ezingase zibe khona zama-statins ngokubhekene nezingozi ezingenzeka. Nakuba lezi zincumo zihlala zidingeka ukuba zibe ngabanye, ubufakazi obuhle obukhona bukhombisa ukuthi ubulili akudingeki ukuba nendima ethile ekwenzeni izinqumo.
> Imithombo:
> I-Cholesterol Treatment Trialists '(CTT) Ukusebenzisana. Ukusebenza nokuphepha kwe-LDL-Ukwehlisa Ukwelapha Phakathi Kwabesilisa Nabafazi: Ukuhlaziywa kwe-Meta-Analytical Individual Data kusuka ku-174,000 Abahlanganyeli emavikini angu-27 ahleliwe. Lancet 2015; I-DOI: 10.1016 / S0140-6736 (14) 61368-4.
> Davignon, J. Kunenzuzo Ye-Pleiotropic Izisusa Zezitembu. Ukujikeleza kuka-2004; 109: III39.
> Nissen, SE. Isitifiketi sezinga eliphezulu e-Acute Coronary Syndromes. Akuwona nje amazinga we-Lipid. I-JAMA 2004; 292: 1365.