Ukukhubazeka Okuhlangene Kwesikhashana kanye ne-Cervical Spine
Uma unezinhlungu eziningi zentamo futhi awukwazi ukuthola ukuthi kungani-kunokuba uzame njalo ukuthola izifo zenkinga yomlomo wesibeletho -ungase uthande ukugxila ekugxileni endaweni eseduze yomzimba wakho; umhlathi wakho. Ukulinganiswa kuyahluka, kodwa ochwepheshe bathi amaphesenti angaba ngu-70 ezinkinga zentamo angase ahlobene nokungasebenzi emsebenzini ohlangene ne-temporomandibular.
Lokhu kungafika ngesimo se-neck muscle spasm (amaphesenti angu-50 ngokwezibalo zango-2015 eshicilelwe kuyi- Journal of Physical Therapy Science Research ), ukunciphisa ukuguquguquka (amaphesenti angu-20 ngokusho kwesifundo esifanayo), noma ubuhlungu obubalabala obuyi-ole abalobi baphawule ngamaphesenti angu-30.
Futhi ukuhlanekezela kungase kuqiniswe, futhi. Ucwaningo olukhulunywe ngenhla lithole ukuthi ukukhubazeka kwentamo embi kungase kubangele ukukhubazeka komhlathi kanye nobuhlungu.
I-Temporomandibular Joint
Ungase uzibuze ukuthi ngisho ukuthini ukungasebenzi komhlathi. Ake siqale ngesakhiwo se-bony, esivame ukubizwa ngokuthi yi-TMJ.
I-TMJ mhlawumbe iyinkimbinkimbi kunazo zonke emzimbeni womuntu. Ngisho noma encane, inezinkinga eziningi ezakhiweni zayo, kusukela ekubunjweni okwehlukile kwamathambo ahlanganisayo kuya emathisheni ahlangene ahlanganisa ama-capsule azungezile futhi angene ngokuhlanganyela. I-TMJ nayo ihlanganisa i-disc, okungafani ne- discs yomgogodla osebenza njengama-cushions okhathazayo, kukhona khona ukuzinzisa imisindo ehlanganisiwe kanye nemisipha egciniwe kanye nemigqa egcina ukujoyina endaweni bese isiza ukuyihambisa.
Ukukusiza ukuthi uqonde kahle ukuthi ukuhlanganiswa kwe-temporomandibular futhi kuyakhiwa, ungaphula leli gama elihlanganisiwe libe yizingxenye ezimbili, ngalinye libhekisela emathanjeni ahlanganisa ukuhlanganyela.
Masivuselele leli gama ukuze ukwazi ukuqonda umqondo we-anatomy ohilelekile.
Ingxenye yokuqala, i-temporo, ibhekisela ethempheni lesikhashana. Ithefu lesimiso lisendaweni ngayinye ye-skull yakho ngasezantsi (eduze kwendlebe yakho). Into eyodwa engakusiza ukuthi uthole amathambo akho okwesikhashana ukubeka isandla sakho ethempelini lakho.
Ithefu lesikhathi sitholakala ngaphansi kwalokho, ngakho-ke uma uslayida isandla sakho kancane kancane uze uzwe ithambo elilukhuni, uthola ithambo eliphezulu le-TMJ.
Ingxenye yesibili yegama yi-mandibular, ebhekisela kwisakhiwo sebony esihamba phezulu nangaphansi, futhi ngezinga elingaphansi, eceleni kwesinye isikhathi, ngesikhathi sokuhlafuna. Angikudingeki ngikutshele lokhu, kodwa i-mandible ihambela emazinyo akho asezantsi. I-mandible ibhekwa njengomhlathi womhlathi. Iqiniso elithakazelisayo ukuthi yilo kuphela ithambo ebusweni elingashukumisela.
I-mandible ibonakala njenge-U. Phezu kwezinhlangothi ze-U, ithambo lixhuma (phezulu) zibe "izinqubo ezimbili" ezihlukene, okuyizandiso zethambo elithinta, ngezinga elithile, ekugcineni. Inqubo yangaphambili ibizwa ngokuthi i-coronoid; izimbungulu ezimbalwa ezisemqoka ezihambisana nenqubo ye-coronoid, kodwa kuzo zonke, le ndawo ayiyona ingxenye ye-TMJ. Inqubo yangemuva ibizwa ngokuthi inqubo ye-condylar; liyingxenye ye-mandible echaza ngethambo lesikhashana ukwenza i-TMJ.
Isihlanganisi se-temporomandibular (TMJ), ke, yindawo lapho ithambo lesimanje kanye ne-condyle ye-mandible ihlangana ndawonye. Kungumhlanganiso we- synovial, okusho ukuthi kukhona i-capsule eyenziwe ngamafayili aqinile azungeze amathambo womabili kanye nesikhala esiphakathi.
Futhi ngaphakathi kwalesi sikhala uhlobo oluthile lwetshezi oluthiwa yi-synovial fluid elibizwa ngokuthi i-synovial fluid, kanye ne-disc esiza ukugcina isiteji esihlangene nokunyakaza okuhlangene kwenza ngobuqotho obuhle.
Izinhlobo ezimbili zokunyakaza zenzeka kwi-TMJ: ukugxila nokweqa. Le nhlanganisela iphinda ihlukanise ukuhlanganiswa njenge-ginglymoarthrodial.
Futhi njengalokhu kuningi kakhulu okuhlangene emzimbeni, inqwaba yemisipha isenzo ku-TMJ; njengoba uzobona esigabeni esilandelayo, imisipha eqina kakhulu noma engekho ibhalansi ngokuhambisana komunye nomunye yindlela eyodwa yokukhubazeka kwe-TMJ kungaholela.
Izinhlobo Eziyinhloko Eziyinhloko ze-TMJ Ukungasebenzi
Ukukhubazeka kwe-TMJ kuyisigaba esisodwa seqembu elikhulu kakhulu lezinkinga ezivame ukubhekwa ngukuphazamiseka kwe-TMJ,.
Ngokuhambisana nezimbangela ezikhulunywe ngenhla ngezansi, ukukhubazeka kwe-TMJ kungabangela ukuhlukunyezwa, izinkinga zangasese, izinkinga zamazinyo noma isimo sengqondo.
Ukuze uqonde ukuthi i-TMJ yakho igaxa kanjani noma idala ubuhlungu bentamo yakho (futhi nokuthi izakhi zomzimba wakho ophezulu zithinta kanjani inkinga yakho ye-TMJ), cabanga ngokufunda ngezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zezinkinga ze-TMJ. Ngenkathi kunezinye izimo ezingenzeka ukuthi udokotela wakho angacabangela lapho esebenza ngesifo sokuxilongwa (okukhulunywe ngaye ngenhla) ukukhubazeka okuhlangene kwe-temporomandibular (TMJD) kuvame ukubhekwa ngendlela ojwayele ukuvula umhlathi wakho noma ukuthuthwa kwediski etholakala ngaphakathi.
Masizithathe ngamunye ngamunye.
I-Protrusive I-Patterns Yokuvula YeJawusi
Okokuqala ukunyakaza komhlathi okungasebenzi. Le-TMJD ibizwa ngokuthi "iphethini yokuvula umhlathi wokuvikela," futhi kungenzeka uma isethi yemisipha evame ukusebenza ngokusiza ukuvula umhlathi wakho ube namandla kangangokuthi bayithatha umsebenzi ngokuphelele. Okufanele kwenzeke ukuthi imisipha eyenza lokhu okuhlangene-ngamanye amagama amandla okuvulwa nokuvala umlomo wakho-inkontileka ngendlela ethize yokuthi i-condyle yokuqala ihamba ngokunyakaza (ekamelweni njengendawo yesikhumba se-temporalis iveza), bese iqhubeka. (Ukukhishwa, kulokhu, kusho ukususa umhlathi ophansi ngaphambili.)
Kodwa emaphethini wokuvula umhlathi, ama-muscle abasizayo, abizwa ngokuthi i-pterygoids lateral, aqinile kakhulu, avuselela ushintsho ngendlela ejwayelekile yokunyakaza kwezinto ezenzeka emlonyeni. Lokhu akugcini nje ukwenza i-pterygoids i-lateral iqine, kodwa ingabangela izinkinga nge-disc ezitholakala ngaphakathi.
Disc Displacement With Ukunciphisa
Okulandelayo, ake sikhulume ngenkinga ejwayelekile kakhulu ye-TMJ ehlobene ne-disc ngaphakathi kwalokho okuhlangene. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-disc displacement ngokuncipha.
Ngokujwayelekile, isikhundla se-disc sincike ekujuleni kwayo kanye nezinga lokucindezeleka elibekiwe kulo. Ngokuqondene nomumo we-disk uya, lokhu kuzalwa okunye, futhi ngenxa yalokho, akuvamile ukuthi kunenkinga yezokwelapha.
Kodwa ukucindezelwa okubekiwe kulelo disc ngokusebenzisa imisipha eqinile noma engalingani kanye / noma ukunyakaza okuhlanganyelwe okungavumelekile yinto odokotela abangakwazi ukuyihlolisisa futhi bayiphathe. Ukucindezela ngokweqile kuvame ukubangelwa indlela imisipha yomhlathi eqina kakhulu echaphazela ngayo ukuhambisana kwesibambisene, kanye nezinye izicubu ezithambile eziyithinta.
Ukususwa kwe-Disc ngokunciphisa kungukuqala kwezinyathelo ezintathu zokushiya i-disc. Uma uhamba nge-disc ngokunciphisa, cishe uzozwa imisindo ehlangene uma uvula futhi uvale umhlathi wakho, futhi ukuletha umhlathi wakho ophansi (mandible) phambili kunciphisa lezi zomsindo. Ungase uzwe ubuhlungu lapho uhlafuna, u-wawn, ukhuluma, noma uma (futhi nini) ugaya amazinyo akho. Ukuvula umlomo wakho kungase kube nzima, futhi, kodwa lokhu akuwona njalo uphawu.
Ngaphandle kokwelashwa kwe-disc displacement ngokunciphisa, le nkinga ye-TMJ ingaqhubekela phambili kwizigaba sesibili futhi mhlawumbe sesithathu. Isiteji sesibili sihamba nge-disc ngaphandle kokunciphisa lapho, njengokungathi ngaphambili, uthola ukuchofoza futhi uvele ngokuhlanganyela. Kodwa-ke, lesi sikhathi, ukujoyina kungase kuvalwe ngezikhathi ezithile, futhi ungase ube nezinkinga ezithile lapho uvula umlomo wakho. Isigaba sesithathu lapho inkinga iba khona okungapheliyo .
Ngendlela, kufanele ubheke " amafulegi abomvu ," okuyizimpawu ezingase zibonise ukubandakanyeka kwesibindi noma umonakalo, noma isimo esibi kakhulu se-TMJ. Lokhu kufaka phakathi ukuphazamiseka, ukuvuvukala, izinkinga ze-nosebleeds noma izinkinga ze-sinus, ukulahlekelwa kwesisindo esingavamile, izinkinga zokuzwa, ubuhlungu obuqhubekayo (abuhlobene nomhlathi wakho), noma izimpawu ezingaphenduli kunoma iyiphi imithi ye-TMJ ongase uyenze ngayo. Uma unezinye zazo, qiniseka ukuthi uzoxoxa ngazo nodokotela wakho kanye / noma ochwepheshe wezempilo ozokuphatha.
Indlela Yomhlaba Wonke ye-TMJD
Ngakho konke lokhu okuningiliziwe kusho ukuthini ngobuhlungu bentamo yakho?
Ngokwengxenye enkulu, ukukhubazeka kwe-TMJ kuqhutshwa ukungasebenzi ngendlela eyodwa noma ngaphezulu kwemisipha egcina ukujoyina endaweni, kuthinta ingcindezi yediski nokunye. Kodwa uma kuziwa esimisweni se-musculoskeletal, akukhona neze into enjengokuzihlukanisa.
Lokhu kusho ukuthi ukungahambisani kahle kwe-TMJ yakho okuqala nge-pterygoids ye-lateral ejulile, ngokwesibonelo, kungathinta kalula izimo zezinye izihluthuko zombili eziphendulayo futhi zithonye isikhundla salowo ohlangene, nesimo senhloko yakho, intamo, kanye umzimba ophezulu. Ngale ndlela, ukungezwani kwemisipha noma ubuthakathaka nokunyakaza okungasebenzi okuqala ku-TMJ kudluliselwa entanyeni yakho, emahlombe, phezulu futhi mhlawumbe emuva kwakho okuphansi. I-diagnosticist ehlakaniphile ngeke ihlole i-TMJ yakho kuphela kodwa okungenani ukuma nokuma kwetamo namahlombe, futhi.
Akukhona lokho kuphela, kepha ukungaqondakali komzimba okungapheli kungadla inkinga yakho ye-TMJ. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi uma uphelela phambili kwekhanda, okuyinto ejwayelekile ukungaqondisi kahle kwekhanda ebuhlotsheni bayo entanyeni. Ukuhamba phambili kwekhanda eliphambili ngokuvamile kulandelwa enye inkinga yokumisa kuvela emuva eyaziwa ngokuthi i-kyphosis. I- kyphosis ngokuyinhloko i-back back back. Ngenkathi ingenhla yangemuva ijikeleza, ikhanda, lixhunywe nge-spine, lithathwa phansi. Ukuze ubone futhi uxhumane nezwe phambi kwakho, cishe uzokhipha ngemuva kwentamo njengendlela yokuphakamisa ikhanda lakho, futhi mhlawumbe ugxilise ikhanda lakho phambili, futhi. Konke lokhu kungafaka umhlathi wakho kumngcingo womshini, okungeke wengeze ezinkingeni zakho ze-TMJ.
Izwi elivela
Ukukhuluma ngokuhamba komzimba kwakho okungaphezulu (ngezindlela okungezona zokuhlinzeka) kungase kusize ukuthuthukisa ama-biomechanics akho omhlathi kanye nobuningi bokuhamba. Ukwelashwa kwe-TMJD kungasiza ekunciphiseni ezinye izinhlungu zakho, futhi.
Ngaphandle kokunakekelwa, ungase uzibekele umjikelezo wokungasebenzi kahle okudluliselwa emuva phakathi komhlathi kanye nentamo namahlombe. Enye yezinzuzo zokwelapha ngokomzimba ukuphazamisa lesi sihloko futhi esikhundleni salokho kuvumela izicubu ezithambile ukuba zibuyele emideni yazo evamile. Lokhu kungasiza ukubuyisela ukulandelana okufaneleko kokuhamba emlonyeni wakho, unikeze imiphumela emihle yokuphulukisa ku-disc kanye nokuhleleka komzimba wakho.
Ezinye zezinto ongase uzizwe ekwelapheni zihlanganisa ukwelashwa okukhiphayo ukuze ukhulule imisipha enamandla, ukuvivinya umzimba nokuqinisa ukuvivinya umzimba ukuze usize ukubeka ukuhleleka okuhle, ikakhulukazi endaweni engaphezulu yomzimba, kanye nenye yemfundo mayelana nokuthi ungagcina kanjani lokhu kuzuza okuhle. Udokotela wakho angase akufundise isimiso sokuzinakekela okubandakanya ukuqiniswa kwe-isometric okuqhubekayo kwemisipha yakho yomhlathi.
> Imithombo:
> Evick, D., MD, Ukulungiswa kwe-Temporomandibular Joint Pathologies, Umkhuhlane wezinhlungu kanye nokuhlukana kwe-Postural. J. Phys. Ther. Sci. 2000.
> I-Iodice, K. Ukuhlola kanye noKhuseleko lweMibhalo ye-Dysfunction Joint Tempromandibular. Imfundo ye-Medbridge. http://www.medbridgeeducation.com
> Jahan-Parwar, B., MD, Facial Bone Anatomy. Iwebhusayithi yeMedscape. http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/835401-overview#a2
> Silveira. A., Ukukhubazeka Kwemfucuza Kuhlangene Nokukhubazeka Kwezintambo kanye Ne-Muscle Tenderness ezifundweni ezingenasifo esingapheliyo se-Temporomandibular Disorders. I-BioMed Research International. 2015. https://www.hindawi.com/journals/bmri/2015/512792
> Ukuhamba kwe-TMJ ukuhamba. I-Physiopedia. http://www.physio-pedia.com/TMJ_disc_displacements