Ukwelashwa Kunconywa ngokusekelwe kokubuyekezwa kwezinto ezibalwe ubungozi
Izidakamizwa ze-Statin ziphakathi kwemithi ejwayelekile kakhulu e-US ngokuthengiswa kwansuku zonke kuka $ 18 billion, ngokusho kocwaningo oluvela eNorthwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine eChicago.
Izidakamizwa ze-Statin ziyaziwa ngokunciphisa kakhulu amathuba okuba nesifo senhliziyo noma ukushaya isifo ngokunciphisa izinga "cholesterol" elibi egazini.
Kodwa azisekelwa ngokusekelwe kuphela emiphumeleni yokuhlolwa kwegazi lomuntu. Namuhla, izidakamizwa ze-statin zisetshenziswa uma umuntu enengozi yokubala, eyodwa-in-10 yokuba nesifo senhliziyo noma ukushaya isifo eminyakeni eyishumi elandelayo.
Uhlu lwezidakamizwa ze-Statin ezivunyelwe
Imithi eyishumi nesishiyagalolunye yemithi njengamanje ivunyiwe yi-US Food and Drug Administration, kuhlanganise ne-dose fixed-dose combination drugs. Izisetshenziswa eziyisikhombisa ezidakamizwa eziyinhloko yizi:
- I-Lipitor (atorvastatin)
- I-Lescol (i-fluvastatin)
- I-Mevacor (i-lovastatin)
- Livalo (pitavastatin)
- I-Pravachol (i-pravastatin)
- I-Zocor (i-simvastatin)
- I-Crestor (i-rosuvastatin)
Izinguqulo ezijwayelekile zama-generic nazo ziyatholakala.
Izinzuzo ze-Statin Drugs
Izidakamizwa ze-Statin izilinganiso ezincane ze-cholesterol ngokuvimbela inzyme yesibindi, eyaziwa njenge-HMG Co-A reductase, eyisihluthulelo se-cholesterol synthesis. Ukusetshenziswa okuqhubekayo kwalezi zidakamizwa kuhlotshaniswa nokunciphisa okukhulu kwe-cholesterol "engalungile" ye-LDL, ukunciphisa okulinganiselwe ku- triglycerides , nokwanda okuncane ku-" cholesterol " ye- HDL ye-cholesterol .
Lezi zinguquko zihumusha ezengeziwe izinzuzo zenhliziyo, kuhlanganise:
- Ukunciphisa inqwaba ye-plaque ezindongeni ze-arteries
- Ukuqiniswa kwamacwecwe ukuze bangaqedi futhi babangele ukuvinjelwa komzimba enhliziyweni noma ebuchosheni
- Ukunciphisa ukuvuvukala okuhambisanayo njengoba kulinganiswa nohlolo lwe- C-reactive protein (CRP)
- Ukunciphisa ukwakheka kwe-clot yegazi endaweni yokuvimbela
Lezi zindlela zingasiza ekunciphiseni ukucindezelwa kwegazi, ikakhulukazi kubantu abane- hypertension abangakafiki emithini yegazi.
Imiphumela Ejwayelekile Yomthetho Wezitatimende
Nakuba izidakamizwa ze-statin zinikeza izinzuzo ezibalulekile kubantu abasengozini yesifo senhliziyo, kungase kube nemiphumela emibi ehlobene nokusetshenziswa kwabo. Iningi linomnene ukulinganisa ngokweqile futhi lixazulula uma umzimba ulungisa ukwelashwa. Okuvamile kuhlanganisa:
- I-nausea
- Igesi
- Isisu esibuhlungu
- Izinwele
- Isizungu
- Ukukhathala
- Rash
- Ukuphazamiseka kokulala
- Ukunciphisa ukuhlushwa
- Ama-muscle aches
Izitatimende zingabangela nokuphakama kwama-enzyme yesibindi kunomunye wabasebenzisi abangu-100. Ezimweni eziningi, lokhu kukhula akuhlotshaniswa nokulimala okukhulu kwesibindi, kodwa ukunakekelwa kudinga ukuthathwa uma izitembu zichazwe kubantu abanezinkinga ezingasebenzi ngaphansi kwesibindi.
Izitatimende zibonakala zandisa ingozi yokuthuthukisa isifo sikashukela sohlobo lwesibili kwabanye, ikakhulukazi abesifazane base-postmenopausal .
Ngubani okufanele futhi akufanele athathe izitatimende
Kube khona ukuphikisana phakathi neminyaka yokuthi ngabe ama-statins ayadingeka noma ayazuzisa ngokulinganayo kuwo wonke amaqembu. Lokhu kuye kwaqondaniswa kabi ngabanye njengokusho ukuthi izitembu azikho inzuzo futhi, nakakhulu nakakhulu, zingase zibe yingozi.
Lokhu akulona iqiniso.
Ngo-2016, uhulumeni wase-US Preventive Services Task Force (USPTSF) ukhishwe imihlahlandlela ebuyekeziwe ngokusho nje ukuthi ubufakazi "abuyanele" ukutusa ukuqala kwama-statins kubantu abangu-76 nangaphezulu abangenalo umlando wokuhlasela kwenhliziyo noma ukushaywa yisifo.
Lesi sitatimende asikona ukusola kwama-statins kuleli qembu noma isiphakamiso sokuthi abantu kufanele bayeke ukuthatha imithi yabo yesimanje uma beba ngu-76. Kunalokho, kusikisela ukuthi izinzuzo zingase zibe zincane nokuthi isinqumo sokwahlulela kumele senziwe kwimeko -sisekelo sisekelo.
I-USPSTF iphinde ikhiphe izincomo mayelana nokusetshenziswa kwama-statins kumaqembu alandelayo engozi:
- Ukwelapha nge-statins-dose-amaminithi amancane kunconywa kubantu abadala abadala abaneminyaka engama-40 kuya ku-75 abangakaze bahlaselwe isifo senhliziyo noma isifo sohlangothi kodwa basengozini eyodwa. Ukuzimisela kwenziwa ngokusekelwe ukuthi ngabe umuntu unesifo esisodwa noma ngaphezulu sezinkinga zesifo senhliziyo futhi amaphesenti angaphezulu kuka-10 abhekene nengozi yokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo noma ukushaywa yisifo eminyakeni eyishumi ezayo.
- Ukwelapha kungase kuqalwe futhi, ngesahlulelo somtholampilo, kubantu abadala beqembu elifanayo elidala abanesifo esisodwa noma ngaphezulu senhliziyo engozini kanye nengozi ebalwa phakathi kuka-7.5% namaphesenti ayishumi.
> Imithombo:
> Taylor, F .; Huffman, M .; futhi u-Ebrahim, S. "Ukwelapha iStatin for Prevention Prevention of Disease." I-JAMA. 2013; 310 (22): 2451-2. I-DOI: 10.1001 / jama.2013.281348.
> I-US Preventive Services Task Force. "Ukusetshenziswa kwe-Statin Yokuvimbela Okuyisisekelo Kwezifo Zezinhliziyo Emphakathini Abadala - Isitatimende Sokuncoma Sezinsizakusebenza Ze-US Preventive Services." I-JAMA. NgoNovemba 16, 2016; 316 (19): 1997-2007. I-DOI: 10.1001 / jama.2016.15450.