Noma kunini lapho ubhekene nesinqumo esibalulekile sokunakekelwa kwezempilo , kusiza ukuba nemininingwane mayelana nezinketho zakho, izinzuzo, kanye nezingozi zenqubo. Kodwa ucwaningo luye lwabonisa ukuthi iziguli eziningi azitholi ukusekelwa kwesinqumo abadinga. Eqinisweni, ngokucwaninga okukodwa ingxenye yesiguli somdlavuza webele esitholwa yisifo sofuba ayinalo ulwazi oludinga ukwenza isinqumo esinolwazi mayelana nokuhlinzwa kabusha .
Izingozi Ezihlobene Nokungatholi Ukusekelwa Kwezinqumo Zezinqumo
Ucwaningo oluqhutshwa nguClara Lee, MD, udokotela ohlinzayo webele esifundeni sase-Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center - i-Arthur G. James Cancer Hospital kanye noRichard J. Solove Research Institute, walinganisa ulwazi lwabahlanganyeli mayelana nokuphathwa kwe-mastectomy kanye ne-mastectomy kabusha. Iphinde iphinde ibukeze izintandokazi zomuntu ngamunye ezibandakanya ukubonakala kwebele ngemva kokunakekelwa, isikhathi sokutakula, kanye nobungozi bezinkinga.
Lokho uDkt Lee kanye nabangane bakhe abathola ukuthi abesifazane abangaphansi kwesigamu babe nolwazi olwanele lokuthi yini ukuvuselelwa kwebele kuhilela futhi kwenziwe ukhetho oluhambisana nezifiso zabo siqu. Ngenxa yalokho, abanye besifazane abazange bathole ukwelashwa nokunakekelwa ukuthi bathanda.
Ukwengeza, abesifazane besifundo babengaqondi kahle izingozi zokuhlukunyezwa ezihlotshaniswa nokuvuselelwa kwebele, futhi abazange babone ukuthi lezo zingozi zaziphakeme kangakanani.
Eqinisweni, iziguli ezingu-14 kuphela ezingamaphesenti aziqonda kahle izingozi zenkinga enkulu. Lokhu kuphathelene nesikhathi senkinga enkulu eminyakeni emibili yokuqala emva kokuhlinzwa okuphakathi kwamaphesenti angu-16 kuya kwangu-40. Ekugcineni, lokhu kusho ukuthi abesifazane abaningi bathatha izingozi-abaye zanikezwa ukunakekelwa okwenziwe ngokwanele-kungenzeka ukuthi azange zithathwe.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, okutholakele kulesi sifundo akuyona into ehlukile yokuvuselelwa kwebele. Eqinisweni, kunezindawo eziningi zokunakekelwa kwezempilo lapho kukhona khona izikhala ekuqondeni kwesiguli ngolwazi olubalulekile lwezokwelapha. Ngenxa yalokho, izinqumo iziguli eziphelile ukuzenza zivame ukungahambisani nezinto abazikhathalelayo kakhulu, abalobi bezocwaningo baphetha.
Kungani Ukuhlinzeka Ngenkxaso Yezinqumo Kubaluleke Kangako
Uma kuziwa empilweni yabo, ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi iziguli zifuna ukuba yingxenye yenqubo yokwenza izinqumo. Eqinisweni, lapho iziguli zinikezwa izinsiza zokuthatha izinqumo, njengezincwajana zemfundo, ama-DVD noma amanye amathuluzi asebenzayo okubasiza ukuba benze ukukhetha, baphela bazizwa benolwazi futhi banelisekile ukunakekelwa kwabo. Baphinde babe nokucindezeleka okuncane nokukhathazeka lapho bekwazi ukuthi yini okufanele balindelwe.
Ngokwesibonelo, ekuhloleni kukazwelonke kubantu abadala ababhekene nesinqumo sezokwelapha njengokuthatha imithi emisha , ukuhlinzwa okukhethwayo, noma ukuhlolwa kwesifo somdlavuza, iziguli ziphazamisekile zibonisa ukuthi zifuna ukufunda okwengeziwe ngezingozi ezihambisana nokuphathwa okusha. Babefuna nokuzizwa sengathi odokotela babo bebalalele. Kodwa abangaphansi kwesigamu seziguli bathi udokotela wabo wababuza ngemigomo yabo, izintandokazi zabo, kanye nokukhathazeka kwabo.
Ukuntuleka kokuxhumana kanye nokusekela izinqumo kuphazamisa ubudlelwane nodokotela-isiguli .
Phakathi naleso sikhathi, esinye isifundo esabukeza ukukhuthazwa kwesiguli , ukusebenzisa izinsiza ezithatha izinqumo, izingxoxo zezinkinga zezempilo kanye nezincazelo zokhetho zokwelapha zathola ukuthi ukufeza lezi zincenye zemihlomulo yolwazi lwezezempilo kokubili udokotela nesiguli. Akukhona kuphela iziguli ezanelisekile ukunakekelwa kwazo, kodwa zakha nokwethemba nokuhlonipha udokotela wabo, izici ezimbili ezibalulekile ubuhlobo nodokotela-isiguli. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukusebenzisa izinsiza zesinqumo akuhloswanga ukushintsha udokotela. Esikhundleni salokho, kuhloswe ukuqinisa izingxoxo esezivele nazo neziguli zakhe.
Umqondo wukuthi ukusekelwa kwesinqumo kuvumela isiguli ukuthi sithathe indima ekhuthele ekunakekeleni kwezempilo.
Ukunquma ukubaluleka kokwesekwa kwesinqumo, iMayo Clinic iye yahlakulela futhi ihlola izinsiza zayo zokwenza izinqumo futhi yabanika mahhala kwabanye abahlinzeki bezempilo. Isibonelo, i-Diabetes Medical Medication Decision Aid Aid, kusiza iziguli nabahlinzeki babo ukuthi bakhethe phakathi kwemithi eyisithupha ehlukene yokwelapha uhlobo lwesifo sikashukela . Ngokusebenzisa izinsiza zokuthatha izinqumo, iziguli zikhetha izinkinga ezibaluleke kakhulu kubo. Lokhu kungase kuhlanganise nokulawulwa ushukela egazini, indlela yokusebenzisa, ukuhlolwa kwanshukela nsuku zonke, ingozi yeshukela ephansi yegazi, ushintsho lwesisindo, imiphumela emibi, kanye nezindleko. Bese basebenzisana eduze nodokotela wabo ukuze baqhathanise izidakamizwa kanye nezintandokazi zabo.
Kubalulekile ukukhomba ukuthi ezinye iziguli azifuni ukuhlanganyela ekuthathweni kwezinqumo futhi ngokuvamile zikhetha udokotela wabo ukuba enze izinqumo ngendlela enhle kakhulu. Kodwa iphesenti yeziguli ezithandayo le ndlela zincane kunalabo abafuna ukuzibandakanya.
Lapho Ukusekelwa Kwezinqumo Kudingeka Kakhulu
Ukwesekwa kwezinqumo, noma ukwenza izinqumo ezihlanganyelwe njengoba kuthiwa ngezinye izikhathi, kuyakhuthazwa lapho iziguli zinesimo esibucayi, njengemastectomy nokuvuselelwa kwebele. Kulezi zimo, kunendlela yokwelashwa engaphezu kweyodwa. Ngokungafani nezinkinga zokunakekelwa kwezempilo lapho ukhetho lwezokwelapha lucacile, njengokwelashwa kokufaka isicelo , kunezimo ezithile lapho kungekho okukhethwa kukho okucacile. Ngenxa yalokho, ukukhetha ukuthi yiziphi izinyathelo ezithathayo kungase kuxhomeke ekuthandweni kwesiguli kanye nokubekezela kwakhe engozini.
Ngenxa yalokho, ochwepheshe abaningi bezempilo bezwa ukuthi lezi zincumo zenziwa kahle ngosizo lwezinsiza zokuthatha izinqumo. Isibonelo, ocwaningweni oluqhutshwa yiChranean Collaboration, abacwaningi bathola ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwezinsiza zokuthatha izinqumo kuthuthukisa ulwazi lwesiguli nokwaneliseka. Ngaphezu kwalokho, bathola ukuthi iziguli ezibuyekeze izinsiza zokuthatha izinqumo ngaphambi kokwenza isinqumo zakhetha ukuphishekela ukuhlinzeka okukhulu okukhethwa futhi okungahambi kahle. Lokhu kutholwa kubaluleke kakhulu ngoba kunganciphisa ukusetshenziswa kabi ngokweqile kwezinqubo ezithile, ikakhulukazi lapho kungamaphesenti angama-25 okuhlinzekwa okukhethiwe kungadingekile noma kungalungile.
Ukuphela kokunakekela impilo yenye indawo lapho ukusekelwa kwesinqumo kudingekile ikakhulukazi. Isibonelo, iziguli kanye namalungu omndeni wabo kudingeka bathole ukuthi bafuna kanjani ukubhekana nezimo ezahlukene ezingavela ekupheleni kokuphila futhi baqiniseke ukuthi izifiso zabo zokugcina zihlonishwa. Isibonelo esisodwa singase sixoxe ngezidakamizwa ezihlukahlukene zobuhlungu, nemiphumela yaso emibi, nokuthi isiguli sifuna ukuba sibekwe kanjani ekupheleni kokuphila. Ezinye izindaba ezidinga ukubhekana nazo zibandakanya ukuvuselelwa , ukuphefumula neziphefumula. Abantu badinga ukwazi ukuthi yiziphi izimo ezingase ziphakame nokuthi yiziphi izinketho zabo. Ngale ndlela, bangenza izinqumo ezinolwazi kusengaphambili.
Abantu abaningi bavame ukwesaba ukuxoxa ngalezi zingxoxo. Ngokwesibonelo, isiguli ngokuvamile sinemibuzo mayelana nokuphela kokuphila, kodwa isaba ukucasula abathandekayo babo. Ngakho bayathula. Phakathi naleso sikhathi, amalungu omndeni nawo angase abe nemibuzo kodwa angazi ukuthi angabakhuphula kanjani ngaphandle kokulimaza imizwa yomthandayo. Kulezi zimo, ukusekelwa kwezinqumo ezinikezwa udokotela ngeke kunganciphise kuphela umthwalo wokubuza, kodwa kuzosiza iziguli nemindeni yabo ukuba zibheke izindaba ezibalulekile. Kuba yindlela yokuba isiguli sikhulume izifiso zakhe ngaphambi kokuba izimo zakhe zimphoqe ukuba enze kanjalo. Ngenkathi kungekho isisombululo esiphelele sokuqeda ukukhathazeka kokuphila, izinsiza ezithatha izinqumo zingasiza ekukhulumisaneni ingxoxo engafanelekile.
Izwi elivela
Uma ubhekene nokuxilongwa okusha, bheka udokotela noma uhlelo lokunakekelwa kwezempilo olungagxilile kuphela isiguli kodwa futhi lunikeza ukusekelwa okusezingeni eliphezulu kwezinqumo. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukuthola udokotela owanikeza ulwazi mayelana nokukhetha kokwelapha kanye nezingozi ezihambisanayo. Odokotela abaningi banikeza lolu lwazi ngamathuluzi ahlukahlukene kuhlanganise nezingxoxo zomuntu, ama-DVD, nezinto eziprintiwe. Uma ufinyelela kulawa mathuluzi wokwenza izinqumo, futhi ungasebenza eduze nodokotela wakho, ungenza isinqumo esifanele kuwe. Futhi ekugcineni ukunakekelwa nokuphathwa kokwelapha kuyahambisana nokwelashwa nokunakekelwa oyifunayo.
> Imithombo:
> "Ingxenye yesiguli se-Breast Cancer Iziguli zithole Ukusekela Ukunquma Kwezingqinamba 'Lapho Kubhekwa Ukwelashwa Okuvuselelayo,' UT News , University of Texas e-Austin, Meyi 3, 2017. https://news.utexas.edu/2017/05/03 / isifundo-ompofu-isinqumo-support-for-isifuba-iziguli-iziguli
> Hosteler, uMarta noKlein, uSara. "Ukusiza Iziguli Zenze Ukhetho Oluhle Lwezokwelapha nge-Aids Decision," I- Quality Matters , iFundwealth Fund, ngo-Okthoba 2012. http://www.commonwealthfund.org/publications/newsletters/quality-matters/2012/october-november/in-focus
> "Ingabe Ukuvuselelwa Kwesisu Kukulungele?" BreastCancer.org. http://www.breastcancer.org/treatment/surgery/reconstruction/is-reconstruction-for-you