Amabala amnyama: Izimbangela Nezokwelapha
Amabala amnyama, aziwa nangokuthi i- hyperpigmentation noma ama- age spots , avamile futhi akhula ngokuvame kakhulu nokukhula. Bangakwazi ukukhungathekisa ukubhekana nazo njengoba kubonakala sengathi babonakala bengekho ndawo, futhi bangase babe yisibonakaliso esithile esihlazo sobudala.
Izimbangela
Izindawo ezimnyama ziwumphumela wokukhiqizwa ngokweqile kwe- melanin (isikhumba somzimba). Awuqondi kahle ukuthi kungani amabala amnyama ekhula, kodwa ukuguga nokukhanya kwe-UV ukukhanya-ngisho nokuvezwa kokukhanya kwe-UV okufakelwayo, njengehlobo elisetshenziselwa imibhede yokuqothula-yizimbangela ezinkulu.
Amabala amnyama angathuthuka noma yikuphi, kodwa kungenzeka ukuthi avele ezingxenyeni zomzimba ezithola ukukhanya kwelanga, kufaka phakathi:
- Ubuso
- Iminyango yezandla
- Amahlombe
- Izingalo
- Ngemuva
Izifo Zesikhumba
Kunezimo nezifo ezinhlobonhlobo zezikhumba ezihlukahlukene ezidala izindawo ezimnyama.
- I-Hyperpigmentation Ethunyelwe-Ukuvuvukala : Ukukhishwa kwesikhumba kulandela isikhumba sokuvuvukala, njenge-acne
- I-Melasma: Eyaziwa nangokuthi imaski yokukhulelwa
- I-Melanosis kaRiehl: Ifomu lokuxhumana le-dermatitis elikholelwa ukuthi libangelwa ukukhanya kwelanga
- I-Poikiloderma ye-Civatte: Isimo esibucayi esenza izingxenye zentanyeni umbala obomvu obomvu
- I-Erythromelanosis Follicularis: Isimo esibonakala ngokubomvu okwesibhakabhaka esibomvu sobuso nentamo
- Linea Nigra: Umbala omnyama, oqondile obala ubude phakathi kwesisu ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa.
Imithi
Imithi ethile yenza amabala amnyama. Ezinye zibangelwa amabala amnyama ngenxa yokuthi zenza isikhumba sizwele ekukhanyeni kwelanga, kanti ezinye zenza amabala amnyama avele ngaphandle kokukhanya kwelanga.
Abanye abaphinda baphinde bahlanganisa:
- Estrogens
- Tetracycline
- I-Amiodarone
- Phenytoin
- Amaphenothiazines
- Sulfonamides
Ukuvezwa kwe-UV
I-hyperpigmentation iqala ngempela ukubamba phakathi neminyaka ephakathi lapho isikhumba ekugcineni siqala ukukhombisa imiphumela yazo zonke lezo zinsuku ezichithwa elangeni ngaphandle kwe- SPF , phakathi kwezinye izihlukumeza. Njengamanje kufanele wazi ukuthi ukushisa kwelanga kuhambisana nezingozi ezinkulu futhi kudinga ukunakekelwa okufanele, njengokungalinganisanga isikhathi esichitha elangeni nokusebenzisa i-SPF njalo.
Imisebe ye-UV ibangele izinkinga eziningi zesikhumba, kusukela ebucayi (umdlavuza wesikhumba) kuya ezincane (izindawo ezimnyama). Amabala amnyama avela ngenxa yokukhanya kwe-UV afaka:
- I-Melasma
- Ama-solar lentigines (ama-fover)
- Ama-Ephelides (ama-freckles)
Ezinye Izimbangela
- Ukukhulelwa
- Isifo sesibindi
- Isifo sika-Addison
- I-Hemochromatosis
- Izicubu ze-Pituitary
Ukwelapha
Amabala amnyama awalimazi futhi anesimo esifanayo nesikhumba sakho sonke. Ngokuvamile akulimazi, kodwa kungenzeka ukuthi indawo emnyama ingaba nomdlavuza . Vakashela i-dermatologist yakho minyaka yonke ukuze uhlole isikhumba. Uma i-dermatologist ibona indawo enobungozi engaba yingozi, ingakwazi ukwenza i-biopsy ukuhlola isikhumba somdlavuza nezinye izinto ezingavamile.
Ngokujwayelekile, izindawo ezimnyama azibekezi izingozi zezempilo, ngakho-ke akudingeki uzilahle, nakuba abantu abaningi bakhetha ukulungiselela izimonyo. Amabala amnyama anganciphisa noma asuswe ngokuphelele ngemithi enqunyiwe, izinqubo zokwelapha, nasezikwelapha ekhaya.
Ama-creams we-bleaching creams ayancipha kancane kancane ukubonakala kwamabala amnyama, ngokuvamile esikhathini esingangezinyanga ezimbalwa. Kodwa-ke, aqukethe izithako ezilahlayo ezenza isikhumba sibe nesisindo esibucayi kakhulu kwi-UV exposure, ngakho-ke kubaluleke kakhulu ukugqoka i-SPF njalo kulo lonke ukwelashwa.
Uma unesithakazelo kwinqubo yezokwelapha, khuluma nedermatologist yakho ngokukhetha indlela efanele yesikhumba sakho. Izinqubo zokwelapha zisetshenziselwa ukuphatha izindawo ezimnyama kunoma iyiphi ingxenye yomzimba. Zihlanganisa:
- Ukwelashwa kwe-Laser
- Ama-Peels Amakhemikhali
- I-Microdermabrasion
- Cryosurgery
Kukhona futhi nemikhiqizo eminingi engaphezu kwamakhomithi aphatha izindawo ezimnyama. Eqinisweni, cishe awukwazi ukuwenza nge-TV yezohwebo ngaphandle kokubona isikhangiso esisodwa. Le mikhiqizo ayisebenzisi ngokushesha njengendlela yokwelapha. Kungase kunciphise ukubonakala kwamabala amnyama, kodwa kungenzeka bangasusi ngokuphelele.
Bheka ama-creams aqukethe izithako ezinjenge- alpha hydroxy acid , i-glycolic acid, i-hydroquinone, i-deoxyarbutin ne-kojic acid.
> Imithombo:
> Isikhumba esidala. (2010, Agasti 12).
> Lifshitz, OH, & Tomecki, KJ (2010, Agasti). Isikhumba esikhulile.