I-squamous cell, basal cell, ne-melanoma isikhumba segazi
Kungenzeka ukuthi uzwile ukuthi kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zomdlavuza wesikhumba, futhi uma kunjalo, ulungile. Izinhlobo eziyisisekelo eziyisithupha zomdlavuza wesikhumba zifaka:
- Basal cell carcinoma yesikhumba
- I-Squamous cell carcinoma yesikhumba
- I-Melanoma
Kulezi zidakamizwa, ungase uzizwe zihlukaniswe ngezigaba ezimbili: ezingenayo i-melanoma isikhumba samangqamuzana - kuhlanganise ne-basal cell carcinoma ne-squamous cell carcinoma - ne-cancer ye-melanoma yesikhumba.
Ezinye izidakamizwa ezingavamile zingase zitholakale esikhumbeni, njenge- Kaposi's sarcoma , i -T-cell lymphoma ene-cutaneous ne-Merkel cell carcinoma. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ezinye zegciwane zinekhono lokusabalalisa esikhumbeni. Kule nkinga, lezi zingabizwa ngokuthi i-skin cancer, kodwa umdlavuza osakazekile (wenziwe umuthi) esikhumbeni. Isibonelo, umdlavuza webele osabalalisa esikhumbeni angeke ubizwa ngokuthi umdlavuza wesikhumba, kodwa kunalokho "umdlavuza webele wesifuba esikhumbeni." Ezinye ze-khansa ezithinta isikhumba zihlanganisa umdlavuza webele, umdlavuza we-colon nomdlavuza wamaphaphu.
Kungani Kubalulekile ukwazi izinhlobo ezahlukene zeCanscercer?
Izinhlobo ezahlukene zomdlavuza wesikhumba ziyahlukahluka ngokuphathelene nezimpawu, ukubukeka okuvame kakhulu esikhumbeni, ukwelashwa okusetshenzisiwe, kanye nokubikezela. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu ngokuphathelene ne-melanoma, okuyiyona ndlela yokuhlinzwa ngokuvamile ehluke kakhulu kunokuba isetshenziselwe i-basal cell noma i-squamous cell carcinoma.
Lezi zingxabano zibalulekile uma kuziwa nezakhi zofuzo. Uma unomlando womndeni we-melanoma, udokotela wakho angase abe nolaka kakhulu ekulandeleni i-dermatologist. Ngokufanayo, i-dermatologist yakho ingase ibe nobudlova ngokwenza i-biopsy noma ukuthatha izithombe zonyaka zama-moles wakho ukuze uqhathanise.
Njengamanje ucatshangwa ukuthi ama- 55% we-melanomas anezakhi zofuzo .
Kukhona ukufana okubaluleke kakhulu phakathi kwazo zonke izinhlobo zomdlavuza wesikhumba. Yize lezi zivame kakhulu kubantu abanekhanda elihle, kungenzeka ukuthi zonke zivele kubantu abanekhanda elimnyama kakhulu. Futhi nakuba ukukhanya kwelanga kuyisici esiyingozi kulezi zomshukela, zonke zitholakale ezindaweni zomzimba ezingakaze zivezwe elangeni.
I-Basal Cell Carcinoma
Ukubika nge-cancer engaphezu kwama-75%, i- basal cell carcinoma yisifo somdlavuza wesikhumba esivame ukutholakala. Lawa ma-carcinomas avame ukutholakala ebusweni, entanyeni nasezandleni.
Lezi zomshukela zibhekwa njengezokwelapha futhi zingavamile ukusabalalisa kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba. Izimpawu zingase zihlanganise nesifo esibuhlungu noma esilaphayo, indawo ebomvu, ephikisayo, indawo ephuzi noma emhlophe efana nesibalo, ne-pink pearly bump.
Ngisho nalawo ma-khansa akwazi ukusabalalisa, angakhula amakhulu futhi angabangela ukukhishwa okukhulu nokukhishwa lapho kususwa.
I-Squamous Cell Carcinoma
I-Squamous cell carcinoma iyinhlobo yesibili yomdlavuza wesikhumba futhi inamandla kakhulu ekuhlanganyeleni kwelanga. Lolu hlobo lomdlavuza wesikhumba luvame ukuvela ezindaweni ezitholakale elangeni, njengezindlebe, ubuso nomlomo, kodwa zingakhula noma kuphi emzimbeni.
Izimpawu zingase zihlanganise nesifo esingasiphulukisi, indawo yesifo se-scaly, noma i-bump ebomvu - ubufakazi bokuthi lezi zomshukela zivame ukukhula ngaphakathi esikhumbeni. Uma ishiywe ingalashwa, ingasakazeka ngokushesha kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba ngendlela yegazi noma isimiso se-lymphatic, kodwa ama-95% ahlala ephilile.
I-squamous cell carcinomas ivame ukukhula kuma- keratoses ase-pastinic (amabala elanga) ngakho-ke uma unalezi zilonda, qinisekisa ukuthi ubatshele udokotela wakho futhi ucabange ukuthi ususiwe.
I-Melanoma
I-Melanoma yilona uhlobo oluyingozi kakhulu futhi olubulalayo lomdlavuza wesikhumba. Ngisho noma uhlobo oluncane kakhulu, lubophezele ukufa kwabantu abaningi emdlalweni wesikhumba.
Kungathuthuka kunoma iyiphi ingxenye yomzimba, noma kunjalo, izingalo, imilenze, nesiqu yizindawo ezivame kakhulu zomzimba. I-melanoma ingase ikhule futhi ezindaweni ezifana neliso (i-melanoma yama-ocular).
Lapho kutholakala kusenesikhathi, kubhekwa njengokunakekelwa kakhulu. Eminye yalezi zenzeka njenge "indawo" entsha esikhumbeni, kanti ezinye zivela kuma-moles.
Wonke umuntu kufanele afunde izimpawu ze-ABCDE zokuxwayisa ze-melanoma noma ngabe ungumkhulekeli welanga, noma ungalokothi uphume ngaphandle uma kukhanya. Lezi zincwadi zimelela:
- A - Asymmetry - I-Melanomas ijwayele ukufana
- B - Umngcele - I-Melanomas ijwayele ukuba nomngcele ongavamile
- C - Umbala - I-Melanomas ijwayele ukuthi ibe nemibala ehlukahlukene, ne-classic ibe "iphethini elibomvu, elimhlophe neluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka"
- I-D - I-Diameter - I-Melanomas ivame ukuba mkhulu kunomkhawulo we-pencil eraser
- E - Elevation - I-Melanomas ivame ukuphakanyiswa, ikakhulukazi ibe nezindawo zokuphakama ezahlukene
- F - Abanye abantu bangeze enye incwadi emele "ekhangayo." Ngokuvamile ama-melanomas awabukeka sengathi ayesesikhumba
Ukuvimbela I-Skin Cancer
Ukwelashwa okungcono kakhulu komdlavuza wesikhumba kuyisivikelo, kodwa ngaphezu kokubukeza lezi zinyathelo zokuvimbela umdlavuza wesikhumba okufanele wonke umuntu azi , amaphuzu ambalwa kakhulu abalulekile okufanele aqaphele.
Ngenkathi kunconywa isikrini selanga, akuvimbeli wonke amagciwane. Eqinisweni, akukafaneli kuboniswe ukuthi ukugqoka isikrini selanga kunganciphisa ingozi yama-melanomas. Ukuzivikela elangeni indlela "endala" iyindlela engcono kakhulu yokunciphisa ingozi yakho. Ukugwema ilanga ngesikhathi samahora amaningi (okuphakathi kuka-10 ekuseni no-2 ntambama) ukugqoka izigqoko nezingubo zokuzivikela, nokusebenzisa isambulela noma ezinye izindlela zomthunzi namanje kuyindlela engcono kakhulu yokuzivikela. Futhi ekukhetheni i-sunscreen qiniseka ukuthi uthola ukulungiselela okulinda emisebeni ye-UVA noma uzobe uchitha isikhathi sakho nemali kuze kube yilapho ungeza ukuvikelwa ngokumelene ne-melanoma (ama-sunscreen amaningi avikela kuphela emisebeni ye-UVB.)
Ihlola izinga lakho levithamini D. Ukugqoka isikrini selanga akuvimbeli kuphela imisebe evuthayo kodwa futhi kunciphisa ekubunjweni kwevithamini D esikhumbeni sakho. Nakuba singazi ukuthi i- suncreen iyanciphisa ingozi ye-melanoma, siyazi ukuthi ukungena kwe-vitamin D kuphakamisa ingozi yamanqamu amaningana. Futhi ngokudabukisayo, amaphesenti amakhulu abantu anesifo se-vitamin D. Ukuhlolwa kwegazi okulula kungakutshela ukuthi usengozini, kanti uma udokotela wakho ephansi, angancoma noma izinyathelo zokudla noma ukwesezela ukuphakamisa amazinga akho.
Imithombo:
I-American Academy of Dermatology. Izinhlobo ZeCanscer Skin. Kufinyelele ngo-04/15/16. https://www.aad.org/public/spot-skin-cancer/learn-about-skin-cancer/types-of-skin-cancer
I-National Cancer Institute. Ukwelapha I-Skin Cancer - I-Health Professional Version (PDQ). Kubuyekezwe 01/29/16. http://www.cancer.gov/types/skin/hp/skin-treatment-pdq