Isinyathelo Sokuqala Kuye Noma Yikuphi Ukuphumelela Kwezokwelapha
Ukutadisha umshayeli kuyisilinganiso sesayense sokungena emanzini akho. Ukutadisha umshayeli kungase kubandakanye ukuzama ukucabanga ukuthi ngabe lo mbono uyenzeka yini. Kungasetshenziselwa ukuthola umuzwa ocacile wezindleko, isikhathi, kanye nomthelela ongase ube nawo ocwaningweni ngaphambi kokuqala isilingo esinezindleko ezinkulu , esilinganisweni esikhulu .
Ucwaningo lwe-pilot luyiyona inguqulo encane yecala elinconywayo elihlongozwayo eliqhutshwa ngezikhathi ezincishisiwe ngenani elincane labahlanganyeli.
Bavumela abacwaningi ukuba babone noma yikuphi ukungaphumeleli ekuklanyweni kokucwaninga futhi benze izikinkini ezingase zibe khona kumthetho wokutadisha.
Izifundo ze-pilot nazo zingasetshenziswa ekuhlolweni kwemitholampilo ukuhlola ukulinganisa kwezidakamizwa ezahlukene, izindlela zokuphatha (amaphilisi, umjovo), ukuphepha kwezidakamizwa , kanye nanoma yiziphi izithiyo ezingase zinciphise ukunamathela kwezokwelapha .
Ukuxhaswa Kwezingqinamba Ze-Pilot
Izifundo zezindiza zivame ukukhokhelwa ezivela emithonjeni ehlukahlukene. Izibonelelo ezinikezwa yi-ejensi kahulumeni, engekho kahulumeni, kanye non-profit ngokuvamile ziyimithombo yokuqala yezimali. Ngokuya emkhakheni wezocwaningo, izimali zingase zivele kubakhiqizi bemithi noma ezinye izimboni ezihlangene.
Ngokuyinhloko, izinhlangano ezizimele ziyimithombo engavamile kakhulu yokuxhaswa kwembewu futhi zivame ukungenelela lapho umuthi unamandla amakhulu emakethe (okufana nomgomo omusha noma isigaba sezidakamizwa) noma oseduze emakethe. Amakhemikhali amakhulu namuhla anamathuba amaningi okuthola amalungelo okusebenzisa izidakamizwa ezizuzayo ngokuthenga inkampani ngokuqondile esikhundleni sokutshala izimali ezincane, ucwaningo olusisekelo olungase luhambe noma kuphi.
Izimali eziningi zokwenza ucwaningo lwama-pilot zamanje zivela kuma-ejensi kahulumeni njengezikhungo zikazwelonke zezeMpilo (NIH) noma ezizweni ezingekho ngaphansi kwenzuzo ezigxile endaweni ethile yocwaningo. Izibonelo eziyaziwayo zifaka isisekelo seBill noMelinda Gates (i-HIV), iSusan G. Komen Foundation (umdlavuza webele), noMichael J.
Fox Foundation (isifo sikaParkinson).
Amathrendi amasha ekuHlangeni koPhando
Ukuthola isibonelelo se-NIH kungaba nzima nokuchitha isikhathi, kangangokuthi kungathatha abaphenyi abakhulu ekucwaningeni abafisa ukukwenza. Ngenxa yalokhu, kungaba nzima kumaqembu amancane ocwaningo ukuze afinyelele imali.
Amathemba amaningi azama ukunqoba lokhu ngokubambisana nezikhungo, amakholeji, noma izibhedlela zokucwaninga ezinemithombo yokusekela imizamo enjalo. Ukwenza njalo, njalo, kudinga ukuthi umuntu azinikele noma ahlanganyele ngamalungelo athile ocwaningo.
Ngenxa yalokho, abanye osomabhizinisi sebeqale ukwamukela izimpikiswano njengendlela yokuqhubekisela phambili ucwaningo lwabo ngenkathi begcina abaningi, uma kungenjalo, ngamalungelo abo. Kunamamodeli amabili asetshenziselwa lokhu:
- Ukuxoshwa kwezesayensi lapho inthanethi isetshenziselwa khona ukuthi abantu banganikela ngokukhululekile ekucwaningeni okusebenzayo noma okuqhubekayo, kaningi ngenxa yezizathu ezingenasisekelo.
- Ukuxhaswa ngemali ngemali (ukuxoshwa kwabantu) abacwaningi abenza isikhalazo ngokuqondile emphakathini ngokusebenzisa amasayithi amaningi abantu abafana ne-Kickstarter ne-TechCrunch. Ngokungafani nemodeli yenkambiso yendabuko efuna isayensi, esekelwe ebufakazini, imizamo yokubambisana ngokuyinhloko ihloselwe ukuthatha ingqondo yomphakathi. Ukuxhaswa komphakathi kwala maphrojekthi nakho kubaluleke kakhulu.
Izibonelo zesayensi yezinkathazo zibandakanya amalungu omphakathi omphakathi noma umphakathi wesayense ukuqhuba ucwaningo, ukunikela ngemiphumela yokuhlola izakhi zofuzo, noma ukusebenzisa ukufaniswa kwekhompuyutha ukuze uthole izixazululo.
Ucwaningo lwama-Crowdfunding, ngokuphambene, luye lwahlolwa ukuze luhlose inhliziyo yomphakathi ngaphandle kokunikeza ububanzi bobufakazi obudingekayo ukusekela izimangalo zesayensi.
Ngonyaka wezi-2014, i-Oakland, eConferencing-Based Immunity Project yaphakamisa u-$ 460,570 imali yokugonywa kwegciwane lesandulela ngculazi, abathembisa ukuyikhulula umphakathi uma isebenza. Ngenkathi kungekho bufakazi bokuthi ukuhloswa kwabo akuyona into eqotho, akukho futhi ubufakazi bokuthi kungenzeka.
> Umthombo:
> Hayden, E. "Iprojekthi yokugoma igciwane lesandulela ngculaza exhaswe ngemali ivuselela impikiswano." Imvelo; enyatheliswa ngo-February 10, 2014.