Kungenzeka Yini Ukukhula Kwe-Autism?
Ngezikhathi ezithile, izindaba zivela kubantu abonakala sengathi "baphumelele" ukuxilongwa kokuqala kwe-autism. Kungenzeka yini lezi zindaba zibe yiqiniso?
Ngokusemthethweni, Impendulo "Cha"
Ngokusho kwe- DSM-5 (ibhukwana lokuxilonga elichaza ngokuphazamiseka kwengqondo nentuthuko e-United States nakwezinye izizwe eziningi), impendulo ayikho.
Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi, ngokusho kwebhukwana: "Ukubonakaliswa kokukhubazeka komphakathi nokukhulumisana kanye nokuziphatha okukhawulelwe / okuphindaphindiwe / okuphindaphindiwe okuchaza ukuthi i-autism spectrum disorder iyacacile esikhathini sokuthuthukiswa. Ekuphileni kwesikhathi esizayo, ukungenelela noma isinxephezelo, kanye nezesekelo zamanje, zingase zihlanganise lezi ubunzima okungenani ezimweni ezithile. Kodwa-ke, izimpawu zihlala zanele ukudala ukukhubazeka okwamanje emphakathini, emsebenzini, noma kwezinye izindawo ezibalulekile zokusebenza. "
Ngamanye amazwi, kusho i-DSM, izimpawu ze-autistic ziqala ekuseni futhi ziqhubeke nokuphila konke, nakuba abantu abadala bengakwazi "ukufihla" izimpawu zabo - okungenani kwezinye izimo. Kungenzeka futhi ukuthi baye baxilongwa kabi ngenxa yokuqala kwezimpawu ze-autism ezihlobene nenkulumo ephuthumayo, amakhono okufunda okungavamile (hyperlexia), noma ukungahleleki komphakathi. Kodwa ngokwe-DSM akunakwenzeka "ukukhula" kwe-autism.
Ukwelashwa Kungathuthukisa Ngokuphawulekayo Izimpawu
Ngenkathi izingane ezine-autism zingabonakali nje "ziba ngcono," iningi liyakuthuthukisa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ngezinqubo zokwelashwa nokuvuthwa. Abanye bathuthukisa okuningi.
Cabanga ngalesi simo esivamile:
Ingane igwema ukuthintana kwamehlo, inzima ngokuxhumana komphakathi, ibonisa ukuziphatha okuphindaphindiwe, ayithandi noma yikuphi uhlobo lokuguquka, futhi inezinselelo zengqondo, ngakho-ke ithola ukuthi une- autism spectrum disorder.
Khona-ke, lowo mntwana uthola ukwelashwa okujulile nokukhula.
Manje, njengomuntu osemusha noma omdala, umuntu ofanayo angenza umsebenzi oqondile wokubheka amehlo.
Kungase kubambezeleke ngokuncane ngokuphathelene nokuxhumana komphakathi. Mhlawumbe uye wandisa izithakazelo zakhe, futhi wafunda ukulawula izinselelo zakhe ezinengqondo. Cha, akayena inkosi yokuthokoza. Yebo, udinga usizo olwedlulele kunomuntu ojwayelekile "ofunda" isimo senhlalo. Kodwa uma ehlolwa namuhla, izimpawu zakhe ngeke zifinyelele ezingeni le-autism spectrum diagnosis.
Yikuphi Izingane Ezingahle Zithuthukise Ngokujulile?
Njalo njalo, ingane enezimpawu ezinzima kakhulu ithuthukisa lapho ekwazi khona ukusebenza esimweni esijwayelekile esikoleni. Kodwa lokhu kuyinto engavamile kakhulu.
Okuyiqiniso ukuthi izingane ezingase zithuthuke ngokweqile yizo lezo izimpawu zabo sezivele zibucayi futhi azibandakanyi izimpikiswano ezifana nokugabha, ukubambezeleka kwenkulumo, ukukhubazeka kokufunda, noma ukukhathazeka okukhulu. Ngakho-ke, ngokuvamile, izingane cishe "ziphuma" i-autism yizo ezijwayelekile ze-IQ ezijwayelekile, amakhono olimi okukhulunywayo kanye namanye amandla akhona.
Kubalulekile ukuthi uqaphele ukuthi ukushiya ngemuva kwe-autism i-diagnostic diagnostic akuyona into efana nokuba "evamile." Ngisho nezingane eziphezulu kakhulu ezisebenzayo futhi zibonakala sengathi "ziphumile" ukuxilongwa kwazo kwe-autism namanje zilwa nezinkinga ezihlukahlukene. Basengaba nezinselelo ezinzima, ukukhathazeka komphakathi, ukukhathazeka, nezinye izinselele, futhi kungase kuqhume izifo ezifana ne-ADHD, i- OCD , ukukhathazeka komphakathi noma i- Social Communication Disorder entsha.
Uyini Umehluko Phakathi Kokuthi "Ukudlulela" nokuthi "Ukuthuthukiswa Kakhulu?"
Ngencwadi (i-DSM, okucacile), noma ngubani owaziwa kahle nge-autism uzohlale ene-autistic, ngisho noma engabonakali enezimpawu ze-autism.
Ukuthi ababonisi izimpawu eziphawulekayo kuyisibonakaliso sokukwazi kwabo "ukugqoka" noma "ukuphatha" izinselele zabo. Le ncazelo ikwabiwa ngabaningi abadala abakhulayo abazitholwa nge-autism njengezingane. Bathi "ngaphakathi ngisekhona i-autistic - kodwa ngiye ngafunda ukushintsha ukuziphatha kwami nokuphatha imizwa yami." Ngamanye amazwi, kukhona umehluko oyisisekelo owenza abantu base-autistic autistic - futhi lokho umehluko oyisisekelo awuhambi, ngisho noma izimpawu zokuziphatha ziphela.
Khona-ke kukhona nalabo abanombono ohluke kakhulu. Umbono wabo: uma umuntu engasabonakali izimpawu ezanele zokuxilongwa kwe-autism, khona-ke ukhululekile (noma waphulukiswa) i-autism.
Ngamanye amazwi, imithi yokwelashwa isebenze futhi i-autism isiphelile.
Ubani olungile? Uma izimpawu zingabonakali kumuntu obuka ngaphandle, ingabe "ziye zavela ngaphandle?" "waphulukiswa?" "zifihliwe?"
Njengoba kunezinto eziningi ezihlobene ne-autism, ayikho impendulo ephelele kulo mbuzo. Futhi ukungaqiniseki kufinyelela endaweni efanele. Yebo, kunabasebenzi abazokhipha ilebula ye-autism, bethi "i-autism isiphelile." Futhi yebo, kunabasebenzi abazogcina leli ilebula, bethi "i-autism ayishiyanga ngempela, nakuba izimpawu zayo zingase zingabonakali." Ngokukhetha ochwepheshe bakho ngokucophelela, ungase ukwazi ukuthola impendulo oyithandayo!
Izwi elivela
Abazali bezingane abane-autism bavame ukuphazamiseka ngolwazi olumayelana "nokuphulukiswa" okuvela ebucayi kuze kube yingozi kakhulu. Lezi okuthiwa ukuphulukiswa zisekelwe emibonweni mayelana ne-autism engasekelwa yizocwaningo. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuhlukanisa phakathi kokwelashwa okungakusiza futhi kufanele kusize ingane yakho, kanye nalabo abangakwazi ukumlimaza.
Imithi efana ne-ABA, i-Floortime, i-play therapy, i-therapi yokukhuluma, kanye nokwelashwa komsebenzi wonke angenza umehluko omuhle wengane yakho, njengoba nemithi ingakwazi ukunciphisa ukukhathazeka, ukulawula ukukhulelwa, nokuthuthukisa ubuthongo. Ukwelashwa okufana ne-chelation, ama-oxygen ekamelweni lamakhemikhali, ama-bleach enemas nokunye okunjalo akusebenzi nje kuphela: bayingozi kakhulu.
Nakuba ithemba (nokugubha ukunqoba okuncane) kuhlale kubalulekile, ngakho-ke, kunengqondo ejwayelekile.
> Imithombo
> Vala, Heather et al. Izimo ezenzeka ngokubambisana kanye noshintsho ekuxilongweni ku-autism spectrum disorders. Izingane zokubeletha ngoJanuwari 2012, izimboni.2011-1717; I-DOI: 10.1542 / ama-peds.2011-1717
> Eigstia, Inge-Marie. Ukuqonda ulimi nokusebenza kobuchopho kubantu abanomphumela omuhle we-autism . I-Neuroimage: Imitholampilo. September, 2015
> Treffert, uDarold. Ukuphazamisa i-autism? Ukubheka ngokucophelela izingane ezifunda masinyane noma zikhulume ngesikhathi sekwephuzile. I-Scientific American, ngo-December 9, 2015