Umuthi wokugoma wegciwane ophilayo uqukethe igciwane elibuthakathaka, eliphilayo elihloselwe ukusiza umzimba wakho ukuba uhlakulele impendulo yegciwane lengculazi ngaphandle kokuthi uthuthukise izimpawu zesifo okuhloswe ngazo ukuvimbela. Igciwane lifundisa amasosha omzimba wakho ukuthi igciwane libukeka kanjani futhi livumela umzimba ukuba uhlakulele impendulo yomzimba. Imithi eminingi yalolu hlobo ivumela ukuzivikela komzimba okuqhubekayo ukuthuthukisa ngezinga elilodwa elilodwa elidingekayo.
Ngenxa yokuthi le migomo iqukethe inani elincane legciwane eliphilayo elibuthakathaka, akufanele linikezwe iziguli ezinamasosha omzimba abuthakathaka, njengeziguli ezisezingeni eliphakeme le-steroids, ezibhekene nokwelashwa kwemithi yokwelapha, noma zinezifo ezithile ezifana ne-HIV. Abesifazane abakhulelwe akufanele bathole imishanguzo yegciwane bukhoma.
Ngenkathi amagciwane amaningi angasetshenziswanga adinga amanani amaningi, imishanguzo yegciwane ephilayo ngokuvamile idinga ukulinganisa okukodwa noma okungenani okuncane (isib. Umgomo wokugwinya, noma isishukela, iminyango kanye nomgomo wokugubha) futhi ungahlakulela ukuphendula komzimba okulingana nokuthola igciwane eliphilayo.
Enye yezinhlayiya zalezi zitofu ukuthi zidinga isiqandisini, okungenza kube nomkhawulo wokusebenzisa le migomo ezindaweni ezithile. Uma lezi zitofu zingagcinwa ekushiseni okulungile zingase zingasebenzi futhi ukugoma kungase kungasebenzi. Futhi, imithi ethile yegciwane lesandulela ngculazi ifana ne-powder futhi idinga ukuxubana nomswakama othile ngaphambi kokuphathwa.
Ukuxuba uhlobo olungalungile lwamanzi aphuzi noma inani elingalungile lomswakama yiziphambeko ezingase zibe khona ezingaholela ekusebenzeni komgomo ompofu.
Ubuchwepheshe obusha buvumela imishanguzo yegciwane bukhoma ukuthi ifakwe njengevolisi noma "ihhashi le-trojan." Kule hlobo lokugoma, igciwane eliphilayo lifaka isiqephu se-DNA emzimbeni.
I-DNA yiyona ebangela ukuphendula komzimba, hhayi igciwane.
Igciwane livumela ukuchayeka futhi kuvumela i-DNA ukuthi ihambise imizimba yakho ekutholeni amasosha omzimba ekuqaleni. Kulesi simo, igciwane elibukhoma ihhashi le-trojan eliphethe i-DNA emzimbeni.
Imishanguzo evamile yeVirus Virus
- I-Intranasal Flu
- Imithi yokudla, imifino kanye ne-Rubella Vaccine
- Umgomo we-Rotavirus
- I-Varicella Virus Vaccine
Izingozi
Ngenkathi encane, kuhlale kungengozi ukuthi igciwane elibuthakathaka lingashintsha futhi ligcine lidale izifo kunokuvimbela.
Ezinye izitofu zihlukile kanjani
Uma ungumzali bese uyazi ukuthi kunezinhlobo eziningi zemithi yokugoma ingane yakho icela ukuthi unike ingane yakho. Ezinye zezinye izinhlobo zemithi zichazwe ngezansi.
Imithi yokubulala (engasebenzi) yenziwa kumaprotheni noma enye ingxenye yegciwane noma amabhaktheriya. Umkhuhlane wokudubula uyisibonelo somuthi wokugoma obulawe. Imishanguzo engasebenziyo kulula ukuthi umhlinzeki wakho wokunakekelwa kwezempilo abhekane. Iningi alidingi isiqandisiso, izidingo ezikhethekile zokuxuba noma zokuthumela. Ukuphila okusele isikhathi eside kusho ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi banikezwe ehhovisi lakho.
Ngomuthi wokugoma ongasebenzi, awusengozini yokuthuthukisa isifo ukuthi umgomo uhlose ukukuvimbela. Enye yezifo ezijwayelekile zomshuwalense kanye nokucabanga kwabantu abantu benqabe ukugoma komkhuhlane ukuthi bafumana umkhuhlane ngokugoma.
Imishanguzo engasebenzi (isib. I-polio kanye ne-pertussis) ivame ukudinga amanani amaningi ngesikhathi sokugoma kokuqala kanye nezilinganiso ze-booster ngezikhathi zokuvikela okuqhubekayo. Lokhu ngezinye izikhathi kunomthelela ekunciphiseni izinga lokugoma.
I-Toxoid yokugoma ayikhiqiza igciwane lesandulela ngculaza. Kunalokho umgomo uqukethe i-toxin noma amakhemikhali akhiwa amabhaktheriya noma igciwane elivimbela imiphumela eyingozi yokutheleleka. Ukuvezwa kwemvelo kufundisa imizimba yakho ukuzivikela nge-immune system indlela yokulwa ne-toxin ngaphandle kokuthi uhlakulele imiphumela emibi yokuchayeka okugcwele.
I-subunit vaccines iqukethe izingxenye ezithile zebhaktheriya noma igciwane elizokwenza ukuthi izimpendulo zamasosha omzimba ziphendule kodwa ngeke ziholele ekuthuthukiseni lesi sifo.
Imishanguzo ye-Conjugate ayihlose ngokuqondile igciwane langempela noma amabhaktheriya, kodwa ama-shells angaphandle ama-bacteria noma ama-virus asetshenziselwa ukuzifihla emasimini akho omzimba. Lolu hlobo lokugoma lusebenza ngokukhethekile emasosheni omzimba omncane, avuthiwe.
Imishanguzo ye-biosynthetic ifana negama lisho. Usosayensi udala into efana nomuntu efana neyogciwane noma amabhaktheriya ukuthi umzimba udala impendulo engavamile. I-Hib (Haemophilus influenzae uhlobo B) umuthi wokugoma i-conjugate uyisibonelo.
Izinzuzo zokugoma
Imishanguzo ingenye yezindaba zangempela zempilo yomphakathi empilweni yami yokuphila. Sibheke isilinganiso seminyaka yobudala be-meningitis e-United States, ukutheleleka kobuchopho obuvame ukubhubhisa izingane ezincane, ukusuka ezinsukwini zokuqala ezingu-30 zokuphila kuya eminyakeni engu-18.
I-tetetus, i-diphtheria, izimpungushe, isisimungumungwane, ukukhwehlela okukhwehlelayo, i-meningitis, ne-polio yizibonelo zezifo eziningi ezazivame ukujwayela. Akuzona nje kuphela lezi zifo ezibangela ukugula okuphawulekayo, zingabangela izinkinga zezokwelapha zompilo ngisho nokufa. Nakuba kungezona zonke lezi zifo seziqedile njengoba i-polio inemithi, imishanguzo isinciphise kakhulu izigameko nezinkinga ezivela kulezi zifo.
> Imithombo:
> Isikhungo Sezizwe Zokungezwani Komzimba Nezifo Ezibangelwa Izifo. Izinhlobo Zemijovo
> I-World Health Organization. Imishanguzo ephikisiwe (LAV).
> CDC. Imibuzo eyisisekelo nejwayelekile.