Ngokwe-CDC, ukulimala kokushaywa yisilonda esisongelayo esivela enaleni, esikhunjeni, noma into ephikisayo engabangela ukuvezwa kwegazi noma ezinye izikhukhula zomzimba. Lokhu kungafaka ama-scalpels, ama-razors, izinaliti, i-lancets, ama-blades, ingilazi ephukile noma noma yikuphi okusebenzayo okubukhali.
I-CDC ilinganisela ukuthi cishe ama-385,000 izinaliti zezinaliti kanye nokulimala kokushaywa kwenzeka ngonyaka ezibhedlela nasezindaweni zokunakekelwa kwezempilo, futhi okungaphezu kwesigamu sazo.
Iningi lenzeke ngokungenacala, njengalapho abahlengikazi bekhathalela iziguli, noma lapho inaliti iphindwa kabusha ngezandla ezimbili. Yiziphi izingozi lokhu okulimalayo okukhona, futhi iyiphi indlela engcono kakhulu yokwelapha nokuyigwema?
Okufanele Ukwenze Uma Uthola Ukulimala Okubukhali
Okokuqala, ungesabi. Yazi ukuthi kulungile. Iningi lamasilense, ama-splashes, nokulimala kokulinda akubanga ekudluliseni kwanoma yikuphi ukugula okubuhlungu, ngakho thatha umoya ojulile. Lesi simo sivame ukuhamba kahle uma ulandela, njengoba kudingeka, nomhlinzeki wezokwelapha.
Kuye kwaphela ukuhanjiswa kwendawo ye-HIV endaweni yaseMelika kusukela ngo-1999 kumsebenzi webhubhu ngonyaka ka-2008. Akuzange kube khona amacala okuthunyelwa komsebenzi owaziwa kusukela ngo-2008. Kwakukhona ingozi enkulu ngaphambi kwemithethonqubo yokuphepha kanye nokwelashwa okusheshayo ukuze kuvezwe. Kuze kube ngo-1999, kwakunezinkinga ezingu-57 ezaziwa futhi eziyizinsolo ezingu-150 ze-HIV ngenxa yokushiswa kwendawo yokusebenza. Kubalulekile ukulandelela ngokunakekelwa kwezempilo ngokushesha uma sekukhona ukuvezwa.
Uma usanda kuba nesidingo somsinga noma ukulimala kokushaywa:
- Geza isitifiketi sesidingo noma isayithi lokulimala nge-sese namanzi
- Bika okwenzekile kumphathi wakho, uma lokhu kwenzeka ngenkathi emsebenzini
- Funa usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha
Uma uphethwe ngegazi noma umfutho wegazi:
- Geza ukuphuza kunoma yikuphi ukuphuza, ukusika noma isikhumba esingenakuqhathaniswa nesepha namanzi
- Ukuqhuma kwenyuka emanzini ngamanzi ahlanzekile, i-saline (amanzi anosawoti omnene), noma iso eliyinyumba ligeze imisele
- Ukuqhuma kuqhuma emakhaleni noma emlonyeni ngamanzi
- Geza noma yikuphi amanye amachiza emzimbeni akhishwe kuwe
- Bika okwenzekile kumphathi wakho, uma lokhu kwenzeka ngenkathi emsebenzini
- Funa usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha kunoma yikuphi ukuphambuka ebusweni (amehlo, umlomo, impumulo) noma isikhumba esingaqondile (ukusika, ukubhuka, ukushaya izilonda, izilonda, ukushisa).
Ukugxila esikhumbeni esifanele kufanele kuhlanjululwe, kodwa ngaphandle kokukhipha izimpungushe ze-mucus (umlomo, impumulo, amehlo njll) noma isikhumba esingaqondile (ukusika, ukubhuka, izilonda, ukushisa). Lokhu kungabangela ubungozi bokugula okukhulu kwegazi, kodwa sicela ulandele izivumelwano zokuphepha lapho usebenza khona futhi uhlole nodokotela wezokwelapha mayelana nanoma yikuphi ukuchayeka.
Kungani Kudingeka Ufune Ukwelashwa Ngokushesha?
Kunezifo ezithile ezifana ne-HIV, i-Hepatitis B, ne-Hepatitis C engasakazeka ngegazi lokuchayeka futhi kubalulekile ukuthatha noma yiziphi izinyathelo ngokushesha ukunciphisa ingozi yokudluliselwa. I-post-exposure prophylaxis ibhekisela emithini yemithi noma ezinye izindlela zokungenelela ezinganciphisa ithuba lokuthuthukisa isifo ngemuva kokuthola isifo. Lokhu kungasho imithi yansuku zonke ye-HIV, noma umjovo wokugoma kanye ne-immunoglobulin we-Hepatitis B.
Ukuze kutholakale i-HIV, lezi zidakamizwa zidinga kuphela ukuthathwa amasonto amane (izinsuku ezingu-28). Kodwa kubalulekile ukuthi ukwelashwa kwansuku zonke kuqalwe ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka. Udinga ukuqala izidakamizwa zingakapheli amahora angu-72, kodwa kungcono kungakapheli amahora angu-24 okuqala.
Odokotela bezokwelapha e-US bangabiza uMtholampilo 'Post Exposure Prophylaxis (PEP) Line ku-1-888-448-4911 ukuze uthole usizo.
I-post-exposure prophylaxis ingasetshenziswa futhi ngemuva kokuba othile evezwe ukutheleleka ngokusebenzisa udlwengulo noma ngokusebenzisa izenzo zocansi ngokuziqhenya.
Ingabe Zonke Ukushayeka Nezidingo Ezidingekayo Zidinga Ukwelashwa?
Geza njalo noma yikuphi uketshezi lomzimba futhi uhlanze noma iziphi izinsizakalo noma ezinye ukulimala, kodwa khuluma nodokotela wakho noma omunye ochwepheshe bezempilo mayelana nokuthi udinga ngempela ukwelashwa.
Uma inaliti noma ebukhali ingasetshenzisiwe kunoma ubani omunye, ngeke neze, udlulisele noma yikuphi ukutheleleka kunoma ubani omunye. Ukulimala nakuba kungenwa njalo isifo njengezinye izilimaza ngakho kubalulekile ukugcina noma yikuphi ukulimala kuhlanzekile.
Uma, ngakolunye uhlangothi, inaliti ebukhali isetshenziselwe omunye umuntu, isiguli esiphezulu (igazi lakhe lalinaliti) lingadlulisela ukutheleleka. Kodwa uma lo muntu engenazo izifo ongase akhathazeke ngazo, kungenzeka ukuthi awusengozini nganoma yini ngokukhethekile. Lokhu kuyinto okufanele uxoxe ngayo nochwepheshe wezempilo ukuze usize ukuthi yiziphi izingozi ongase uziphathe noma ezingabhekana nazo.
Uma ungumhlinzeki wezempilo, ungase wazi ukuthi isiguli sine-HIV, Hep B, noma Hep C. Kuye ngemithetho nemithethonqubo, kungase kube khona indlela yokuthola ngokushesha uma isiguli esiphezulu sitheleleke nganoma iyiphi yalezi amagciwane. Lokhu kuzoxhomekeka lapho ukhona nokuthi yini ukuchayeka. Sicela ukhulume nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo mayelana nalokhu.
Ngokufanayo, akuzona zonke izifo zomzimba ezithumela zonke izifo.
I-HIV idluliselwa ngu:
- Igazi
- Amniotic Fluid
- Imisindo kanye noketshezi kokuqala komzimba
- Amanzi ajwayelekile
- Uketshezi lwamagciwane
- Ubisi lwebele
I-HIV ingabuye isetshenziswe ngamanzi aphuzayo angatholakala kuphela ngenaliti noma nge-scalpel ngesikhathi senqubo yezokwelapha:
- I-Cerebrospinal fluid
- I-Pleural fluid (eyakhayo emaphaphini)
- I-Synovial fluid (evela ezingxenyeni zangaphakathi)
- Ama-Ascite noma i-Peritoneal fluid (ngaphakathi ngaphakathi kwesisu)
- I-Pericardial fluid (eyakhayo eduze kwenhliziyo)
Kodwa-ke, ezinye izikhukhula ziyovame ukuba negazi okwenziwe nge-HIV. Ingozi yokudlulisela i-HIV iphansi kakhulu, ngaphandle kwegazi, kusuka:
- umchamo
- spit
- amathe
- isikhohlela
- thuthumela
- izinyembezi
- udoti
- izimfihlo zomzimba
- hlamba
Lokhu kusho ukuthi ukuphambanisa akuyona into engozini ye-HIV. Ngokufanayo, ukukhishwa futhi akusakazeki i-HIV uma kungekho oxhumana negazi le-HIV.
I-HIV nayo isakazwa ngokubhukuda, emoyeni, eminyameni, ukuxubha, ukwabelana zangasese, ukwabelana nokudla noma iziphuzo. Ngokufanayo, nakuba igciwane le-Hepatitis B lingatholakala ematheni futhi likhafule, akukholelwa ukuthi lisakazwa ngokusebenzisa izinto zokubamba noma zokuhlanganyela , nge-CDC.
Kanti futhi izindaba ezinhle ukuthi izinaliti azihlali zingelapheki isikhathi eside. Inaliti endala, eyashiywa isikhathi eside emgwaqeni, cishe ayinengozi, kodwa ukhulume nodokotela wakho noma umhlengikazi mayelana nokuchayeka ngakunye.
Ingabe Abahlengikazi Kuphela Abasengozini?
Ukulimala okuningi okudingekayo kanye nokulimala kuphazamisa abahlengikazi nodokotela. Kodwa-ke, ukulimala okuthile kuthinta labo abangewona ochwepheshe bezokwelapha . Kubalulekile ukuthi uhlale uphephile uma kukhona izinaliti, ama-scalpels, noma ama-blade azungezile.
Ingane ingase izame ukungena ebhokisini lokuqothula eligcwele ngaphezulu ukuze lithathe inaliti ekhanyayo. Umgcini wesisekelo epaki angase ahlulwe yinaliti esele emhlabathini. Iphoyisa noma isikhulu sokulungiswa singalimala umuntu onesalense noma ummese wegazi. Omunye umuntu angase akhathazeke ngengozi yabo ngoba oshade naye ungumhlengikazi oye waba nesidingo. Ukuchayeka okufanayo kungenzeka ekhaya ngezintambo, ama-blades, ngisho nenaliti esetshenziselwa ukuphahlazeka. Lokhu kungenzeka futhi, ezimweni ezingavamile, uma umdwebo we- tattoo noma i- salon ye-nail ingalandeli imithetho edingekayo yokuphepha. Kunezindlela eziningi ukuthi lezi zinhlobo zokulimala zingathinta sonke, ngakho-ke funa iseluleko sezokwelapha uma kukhona ukukhathazeka kokuchayeka.
Kwezinye izindawo, izakhiwo zezempilo azihambisani noKuvikeleka Nokulawulwa Kwegciwane. Lesi yisinye sezizathu zokusabalala kwe-Hepatitis C emhlabeni jikelele. Kunezikhathi lapho izinaliti zisetshenziswa kabusha. Ngezinye izikhathi i-IV egazini noma i-tubing IV isetshenziswa kabusha. Ngezinye izikhathi amadivaysi avuselelwayo awaqedi ngokugcwele phakathi kokusetshenziswa. Kwezinye izimo, izinaliti zisetshenziselwa ukusetshenziswa kwesiguli ukuthola imithi eyengeziwe kusuka esitsheni esisetshenziswayo semithi. Ukusebenzisa kabusha izinaliti kunoma yiluphi uhlobo ngemuva kokusetshenziswa kwesiguli kungaholela ekusakazeni izifo.
Yini Ongayenza Ukuze Uvimbele Izidingo Zezingubo noma Ukulimala Kwe-Sharps?
Kuthiwani ngokulungiswa.
- Ukuqeqesha ekusebenziseni inaliti ephephile
- Gwema ukusebenzisa izinaliti uma kungadingekile
- Qinisekisa ukuphumula ngokwanele uma usebenza ngezinaliti
- Gwema ukubuyisela izinaliti
- Sebenzisa isandla esisodwa kuphela ngenaliti
- Ungasheshi
- Ungahambi ngenaliti esetshenzisiwe
- Unganikeli inaliti komunye umuntu
- Yenza indawo yokusebenzela efanele
- Lahla izinaliti ebhokisini lokulahlwa kwezinto zokulahla
- Lahla ibhokisi lokulahlwa kokushaywa ngaphambi kokuba ligcwele
- Ungalokothi ungene ebhokisini lokulahla udoti
- Sebenzisa izinaliti ezinamadivayisi okuphepha
- Sebenzisa ama-safety and razors
- Gwema ukusebenzisa ingilazi lapho ipulasitiki ingasebenza
- Sebenzisa ngokufanayo uhlobo olufanayo lwenaliti
- Bika noma yiziphi izinaliti zokungcebeleka ngokushesha kumqashi
- Bheka izingozi zezinsizi
- Hlola ukuthi kungani kukhona izinsizakalo ezenzekile
Ukuze ube ohlangothini oluphephile, ungasebenzisi izinaliti ngaphandle kokuthi wazi ukuthi wenzani futhi udinga. Kunengozi yokusebenzisa inaliti. Njalo uma usebenzisa enye ingabeka ingosi yokudinga ingozi. Kungenza futhi izingozi ezingaphezu kwesiguli (ngubani ongathola njalo ukutheleleka nobuhlungu esakhiweni somjovo). Ngokuvamile, sebenzisa izinaliti kuphela uma uqeqeshwe kahle ukwenza kanjalo futhi uma kudingekile.
> Imithombo:
> CDC. Umkhankaso we-Stop Sticks.