Amagundane yi-infectation virus eyenza kakhulu izigulane ezithengayo, okhiqiza izihlathi ezibuhlungu nokuvuvukala. Isakazeka kalula kodwa ingavinjelwa umuthi wokugoma. Ayikho yokwelashwa etholakalayo ngaphandle kokuphumula kwesifo, futhi ukutakula ngokuvamile kubonakala emavikini amabili. Amagqabhagqabha akhathazeka kakhulu uma usulelekile ngemuva kokukhulelwa, njengoba izinkinga zingabandakanya ukulahleka kokuzwa, izicathulo zokuvuvukala, kanye ne-meningitis.
Funda ukuthi unganciphisa kanjani ingozi yezinambuzane nezindlela zokwelapha ingane yakho noma wena.
Izimpawu
Abanye abantu abanegciwane lesandulela ngculaza ngeke babe nezimpawu ezibonakalayo nhlobo. Uma kunezibonakaliso, zingashintsha kusukela komnene kuze kube nzima. Lezi zimpawu zivame ukuvela ezinsukwini ezimbili emva kokutheleleka futhi zingapheli amasonto amabili. Ngokujwayelekile, izimpawu zokuqala zifaka:
- Fever
- Izinwele
- Ukuvuvukala, izigulane ezibuhlungu ngaphansi kwezindlebe noma umhlathi (cishe amaphesenti angu-30 kuya kwamaphesenti angama-40)
- Ubuhlungu bendlebe
- Ubuhlungu obusweni
Izimpawu ezingavamile kodwa ezinzima kakhulu nezinkinga zingabandakanya:
- Ukuvuvukala okuncane kokumboza kobuchopho noma intambo yomgogodla (i-meningitis) okubangela ukuba kube nekhanda eliphansi kakhulu. Ezimweni ezimbi, ukuvuvukala kobuchopho (encephalitis) kungenzeka.
- Ama-testicles avuvukile nobuhlungu (orchitis), ikakhulukazi adlule eminyakeni yobudala. Nakuba lokhu kuvame ukuxazululwa, kungabangela ukwehla kwesibalo sembewu futhi, ngokungajwayelekile, ekunganeni.
- Ukulahlekelwa kokuzwa okuncane okuvame ukuba okwesikhashana kodwa kungase kube okuphakade
- Ukubandakanya kaningi kwezinye izitho ezifana nenhliziyo, ama-pancrea nama-ovari
- Ezimweni ezingavamile kakhulu, ukufa kungenzeka.
Abantu abangagciniwe bangengozini yokubhekana nezinkinga uma benesifo sengculaza ngemuva kokukhulelwa. Lokhu kufaka phakathi i-orchitis, ukuvuvukala kwama-ovari, i-encephalitis, kanye nengozi yokukhulelwa kwesisu esikhathini sokuqala sokukhulelwa.
Izimbangela
Igciwane elibangela imifino lifana negciwane lesifo sogciwane futhi lisakazeka kusuka komuntu kuya komuntu ngokusebenzisa amaconsi aphuma emoyeni. Amagundane adluliselwa ngokuxhumana ngokuqondile ngamathe noma ukuphuma emakhaleni noma emlonyeni womuntu onegciwane. Imizila eyinhloko yokutheleleka ihlanganisa:
- Ukushaya
- Sneezing
- Kissing
- Ukuhlanganyela izibuko noma izitsha
- Ukukhuluma eduze
- Ukuxhumana nobuningi obungcolile
Ukugonywa ngegciwane lesimungumungwane, ama-mumps, umuthi we-rubella, (MMR) , ukugoma kwe- MMRV (okufaka phakathi i-varicella), noma umuthi wokugoma omzimba we-standalone (monovalent) ungavimbela ukutheleleka. Ukugonywa kunconywa ngezinsana ezineminyaka eyi-12 kuya kwezingu-15, ngesilinganiso sesibili esinikezwe phakathi kweminyaka engama-4 kuya ku-6. Noma yimuphi umuntu omdala ozalwa emva kuka-1957 kufanele athole ama-MMR ukudubula uma engakaze enze kanjalo. Kunconywa ngokukhethekile abasebenzi bezempilo kanye nabantu abazohamba emhlabeni wonke.
Uma usuvele unezimvu, kufanele uhlakulele umkhuhlane futhi awufanele ukuwubamba futhi. Ngokuvamile, ukuzivikela ngenxa yokugoma noma ukuvuthwa kwamathumbu akukhiphi noma kuqhuma ngenxa yesimiso sokuzivikela somzimba.
Ukuxilongwa
Udokotela wakho uzovamise ukuxilongwa kwezimpumputhe ngokusekelwe ezimpawu zakho. Ukuhlolwa okuqinisekisiwe kungenziwa, kuhlanganise nokuhlolwa kwe-buccal swab polymerase chain reaction (PCR) kanye nokuhlolwa kwegazi kwama-antibodies.
Ukucubungula ukuhlolwa kungenziwa uma kukhona izinsolo zokusola ezinqamulelayo, ezifana nokuvuvukala kwe-testicular kubantu abadala.
Ukwelapha
Imithi yokwelapha iwukuba ukunciphisa izimpawu njengoba igciwane liqhuba inkambo yayo ngezinsuku ezingu-10 kuya kwezingu-12. Ayikho yokwelashwa kwe-antiviral ethize kanye nama-antibiotic ngeke abe nomthelela. I-Acetaminophen noma ibuprofen ingasetshenziselwa ukunciphisa umkhuhlane nokukhulula ubuhlungu. Ukucindezeleka okubandayo nokufudumala kungasetshenziselwa izigulane ezivuvukalayo.
Kufanele uphuze amanzi amaningi ukuvimbela ukungena emanzini futhi ushintshe ukudla okulula okudingekile ukuhlafuna. Gwema ukudla okuvusa ukuphola, okufana nokudla okuyi-acidic nama-citrus.
Ukugubha ngamanzi usawoti afudumele kunganciphisa umphimbo. Uma unezicathulo zokuvuvukala ungagqoka umsizi wezemidlalo bese usebenzisa amaphakethe e-ice ukunciphisa ubuhlungu.
Izwi elivela
Uma wena noma ingane yakho ithola imithi, akuningi ongakwenza ngaphandle kokukhulula izimpawu. Ngenkathi izimpungushe sezilokhu ziyisifo sezingane, manje kubonakala kungavamile kakhulu ukuqhuma kwendawo phakathi kwezingane ezingavunyelwe nabantu abadala. Usengozini enkulu yezinkinga ezinkulu uma usuphelile iminyaka yobudala, ubeka phansi inani lokugoma.
> Imithombo:
> Amamitha. I-Mayo Clinic. https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/mumps/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20375366.
> Amamitha: Abahlinzeki bezeMpilo. Amasevisi Okulawula Nokuvimbela Izifo. https://www.cdc.gov/mumps/hcp.html.
> Papdopol R. Mumps. KidsHealth.org. https://kidshealth.org/en/parents/mumps.html.
> URubin S, u-Eckhaus M, uRennick LJ, uBamford CG, uDuprex WP. Biology Molecular, Pathogenesis kanye Pathology of Mumps Virus. J Pathol. 2015 Jan; 235 (2): 242-52. i-doi: 10.1002 / indlela.4445.