Ukufunda kunzima kwabantwana abangenawo amakhono okubambisana
Njengabantwana, abantwana abanalo ulwazi lokubona lokho abakubonayo, ukuzwa, noma ukuzwa. Ngokushesha kakhulu, kodwa, bafunda ukuphendukela egameni elijwayelekile, futhi phakathi nezinyanga ezimbalwa, bayakwazi ukumamatheka ngokuphendula ukumomotheka, babone ubuso obathandekayo, futhi baphendule umsindo ngokuguqula amakhanda abo.
Ngesikhathi abaneminyaka engama-ubudala ubudala, intsha encane iyaphawula lapho omunye umuntu elalela okuthile noma othile.
Ngisho nalapho umuntu omdala engakhulumi noma engamthandi ukunakekela kwengane, ingane ibona umlindi womzali futhi iyayilandela. Uma umzali ekhomba ngentshiseko noma eheha ukunakekelwa, ingane izojoyina ngokugxila umzali ekugxileni kuyo, isibonelo, isithombe encwadini noma endizeni endizayo emithini. Lokhu kunakekelwa ngokuhlanganyela.
Kungani Ukubambisana Okubalulekile Kubalulekile?
Ingane izobona futhi iphendule ubuso bomzali ngokuthi:
- Ukuqaphela lapho umzali ebuka khona;
- Ukuthatha isithakazelo lapho umzali ebuka khona;
- Ukulingisa umbono womzali
- Ukuqaphela ukuthi umzali uyayibona
- Ukujoyina umzali ekuphenduleni kwakhe into noma umsebenzi
Izingane ezikhulayo ngokujwayelekile zibuye zibuke ubuso bomzali babo ukuze zithole ukuthi abazali bazo basabela kanjani kulokho abakubonayo noma abazizwayo. Ngokuvamile, ingane empeleni iyolingisa impendulo yomzali ngokomzwelo. Ngakho-ke, uma umama ebona umnsalo othakazelisayo, ingane iyoyilandela, ibone umcibisholo, inothi umama uyayiphendula, futhi ulingise leyo mpendulo.
Njengabazali nabothisha bafundisa izingane ekukhulumeni amakhono okukhulumisana namakhono, ukufunda amagama, ukuqaphela ubujamo nemibala, njll-baveza ukunakekela izingane ezithombeni noma izinto ngenkathi bekhuluma amagama afanele. Izingane zenza ngokuzenzakalelayo ukuxhumana phakathi kwento abayibonayo, ukuzwa, ukunambitheka, noma iphunga-namagama noma izincwadi ezikhuluma lo mbono.
Ukubamba iqhaza kuyisisindo esiyinhloko, ngakho-ke, ukuxhumana nabantu nokuthuthukiswa kolwimi . Futhi kuyithuluzi elibalulekile lokwenza uxhumano lomphakathi.
Izinkinga Ezigunyazayo Ngokunakwa Okuhlangene
Izingane ezine-autism zivame ukuba nezinkinga ezibalulekile ekuthuthukiseni nasekusebenziseni okuhlanganyelwe. Kungenzeka ukuthi akulindelekile ukulandela umlindo womunye umuntu noma "ukuzwa" igama labo elibizwayo (bezwa umsindo, kepha ungawahlanganisi nocingo lokubheka). Ngokwemvelo, lezi zindaba ziyingxenye yezizathu zokuthi izingane ezine-autism zinenkathazo enkulu ekukhulumisaneni kwezenhlalakahle, ukuthuthukiswa kolwimi, kanye nokuxhumana nabantu. Kungase kube nomthelela omkhulu ekufundeni kwezemfundo.
Kubalulekile ukuthi uqaphele ukuthi izingane ezine-autism ziziphatha ngendlela ehlukile ezinganeni ezivamile-futhi lokhu kungasho ukuthi amakhono abo okubambisana akhona, kodwa lokho akucacile. Ngokwezifundo ezithile, izingane ezine-autism zingase zihambele "ngokuzenzekelayo," okusho ukuthi zilalele noma zibukele ngaphandle kokuzithokozela noma zibonisa intshisekelo yazo. Bangase bakuthole kunzima ukushintsha umsebenzi wabo ozithandayo kunoma yimuphi umama, ubaba noma uthisha uthola ezithakazelisayo.
Ukufundisa Bhalisela Izingane Nge-Autism
Ngenkathi kungase kungabikho ngokwemvelo, ezimweni eziningi, izingane ezine-autism zingafundiswa ngentshiseko amakhono wokunakwa okuhlanganyelwe.
Mhlawumbe kubaluleke kakhulu kubazali, izingane ezine-autism zingafundiswa ukuthi zibonisa kanjani isithakazelo nokukhathalela ngezindlela ezijwayelekile ( ngokukhomba , ukujika kwekhanda, njalonjalo). Okuyiqiniso ukuthi ngokuvamile izingane ezikhulayo nabantu abadala badinga ukungena komphakathi-okusho ukuthi izingane kanye nabantu abadala abane-autism kumele baziphathe ngokujwayelekile ukuze baqondwe.
Imithombo:
UCharman T. "Kungani Ukuhlanganyela Kuqaphela Ikghono Elibalulekile Ku-Autism?" I-Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 2003 Feb 28; 358 (1430): 315-24.
Gernsbacher, Morton Ann et al. "Kungani ukunakekelwa okuhlangene kubheka i-Atypical ku-Autism?" Izindlela Zokuthuthukiswa Kwabantwana, Umqulu 2, Inombolo 1, Amakhasi 38-45, 2009.