Ingane yakho ingathola isikole sinzima kunanoma yikuphi ukulungiselelwa!
Isikole asivamile ukuba indawo enhle yabantwana abane-autism. Futhi yinkinga ngezizathu ezimbili.
Okokuqala, izingane ze-autistic zichitha isikhathi esiningi zifunda ukuthi zingabhekana kanjani nesimo esingavumelani namakhono abo nezinselelo zabo. Khona-ke, njengoba benenkinga iminyaka eminingi yokwakha lawo makghono, kufanele-ke bayeke leso simo ukuze babe nesimo esihluke ngokuphelele uma bekhula noma beqedile.
Kuzingane eziningi ze-autistic, isikole sinzima kunanoma yimuphi indawo yokusebenza - ngezizathu eziningi ezinhle kakhulu.
Kungani Isikole Kungaba Indawo Engalungile Yezingane Ezizimele
Ngeshwa, icala lokuthi isikole esidlangalaleni sikawonkewonke ekhulwini lama-21 kubonakala sengathi laklanyelwe ngenhloso yokwenza impilo ibe nzima futhi ingakhathazeki kunoma ubani onenkinga encane kakhulu yalezi zinselelo, konke okuhambisana ne-autism:
- Ukukhubazeka okubonakalayo : Ngisho nabantwana abanomthelela odlulile phezu komsindo ozwakalayo, izibani ezikhanyayo, nokunye okufakwayo kwemizwa cishe kuzoba nokukhathazeka nokucindezeleka ngenxa yamabzzers amakhulu, izibani ezikhanyayo, ukuklolodelwa kwezingane, ukukhuluma nge-gyms, nokuningi ezinye izinsuku nosuku okuhlangenwe nakho "ezibhakwa" esikoleni somphakathi. Izingane ezine-autism, ngencazelo, zibhekene nezinselele zokuzwa.
- Ukunzima ngokufunda noma ukukhuluma ukuqonda: Ukuhlolwa okujwayelekile kanye "nokukhwabanisa" kusho ukuthi ngisho nezingane ezincane kakhulu kulindeleke ukuba ziqonde futhi zenze noma ziphendule ulimi olukhulunywe futhi olubhalwe phansi - ngesivinini esiphezulu. Njengoba izingane zikhula (okusho ukuthi zikhulile kuneminyaka engama-7), noma yikuphi ukugxila ekuqondeni kwezandla noma ukubuka okubonakalayo kuyanyamalala - nokulindela amazwi okukhulisa. Izingane ezine-autism cishe ziyingozi, njengoba ukukhuluma amazwi nokuqonda kuyinselele enkulu.
- Izinselele zokuSebenza eziPhezulu : Ukusebenza okusebenzayo yikhono lokuhlela nokwenza amaphrojekthi amaningi, okufaka engqondweni izinto ezifana nemikhawulo yephrojekthi, umugqa wesikhathi, nezinye izinto. Ngamanye amazwi, ikhono lokuphatha umsebenzi wesikole, amaphrojekthi esikoleni, ukutadisha ukuhlola, nokuhlela phambili ngemicimbi, amathuba ehlobo, nokuningi. Ukusebenza okuyisigungu kuyinselele enkulu kuwo wonke umuntu we-autistic.
- Izinselelo Ezinhle Nezimbangi Zomgwaqo: Amakhono emoto amnandi kubaluleke kakhulu ekubhaliseni, ekudwebeni, ekusika, ekunamathiseni nasekusebenziseni izinto ezincane ezifana ne-glass microscope ama-slides nama-tweezers. Amakhono amakhulu amashoni asetshenziselwa ukugxuma, ukukhahlela, ukuphonsa, ukugijima nokudlula. Izinkinga ezilula zokulinganisa kulezi zindawo - ezabelwana abantu abaningi abane-autism - zingenza izinselele ezinzima eklasini, endaweni yokudlala, e-gym, nasezindaweni zokudlala (phakathi kwezinye izindawo ezihlobene nesikole). Ukuhlelwa kwezimoto (kunzima kangakanani ukukhahlela? Ngingagxuma ngokuphepha kulokhu kuqhuma?) Enye inselelo ebalulekile, ehlobene nayo.
- Izinkinga Zokuxhumana Komphakathi: Izingane ezigunyazayo, intsha, nabantu abadala bonke bahlanganyela nobunzima ngokuxhumana nabantu. Ngezinye izikhathi ubunzima buyabonakala kakhulu futhi bunzima - kodwa ngisho nangomntwana we-autistic onamakhono amakhono olimi, ukucabanga komphakathi kungaba yinselelo enkulu. Esikoleni, izinselele zenhlalo zikhona yonke indawo, sonke isikhathi - njalo zihlala zihamba. Okufanelekile ekilasini akufanelekile ngokuphelele emahholo, endaweni yokuzivocavoca noma endaweni yokudlala. Kungaba nzima kakhulu kubantwana be-autistic ukutshela ukuhlekisa okudlalayo ngokuhlukunyezwa, noma ukuqaphela ukuhlambalaza noma amahlaya. Ngisho noma ingane ikwazi ukuqonda amakhono afanele omphakathi ebangeni lesi-1, imithetho izoshintsha ehlobo - futhi izoshintsha futhi ekwindla.
- Ukubunzima Nezinguquko Emigqeni Nezinhlelo: Izingane ezine-autism zikhula ngemigomo. Kodwa ngisho nangenkathi yonyaka wesikole, kungaba nzima ukuqiniseka ukuthi ukuhambisana kwemigomo kanye nezinhlelo kulungiselelwa esikoleni. Kusukela ezinkambeni ezinwetshiwe ukuya ezinsukwini zokuqeqesha othisha kanye nezinsuku zeqhwa ukuya emihlanganweni, izinsuku zokuhlola ezilinganiselwe, izenzakalo ezikhethekile, kanye nezikhundla, amashejuli esikoleni ahlose njalo. Izingane ezinesidingo esikhethekile zinomthwalo owengeziwe wokudinga ukushiya amakilasi - kaningi phakathi - ukuya ezifundweni zokwelashwa, amaqembu amakhono omphakathi kanye nezinye izinhlelo ezihloswe ukuzisiza ukuba zibhekane nakho okuhlangenwe nakho okusobala!
- Izinkinga Ezizungezile Imithetho Nemigomo Eguqukayo: Ukuwa ngamunye, njengoba abafundi bebuyela esikoleni, bathola ezinye izinto ezifanayo - kodwa kungenzeka ukuthi zishintshile. Uthisha X akanalo inkinga nabafundi abemi futhi belula; uthisha Y akanandaba nokuziphatha okunjalo. Uthisha X ufuna bonke abafundi ukuba babonise umsebenzi wabo, kanti uMfundisi Y ufuna nje ukuthi uthole impendulo efanele. Okuyinselele nakakhulu kunezinguquko ekulindeni kothisha kukhona izinguquko ekuziphatheni kontanga, ukusebenzisana, okulindelwe, izinkambiso, izitayela zokugqoka, izintandokazi zamasiko, ngisho nokukhetha amagama. Ngonyaka odlule, kuhle ukuthi uthande "u-Sponge Bob" - futhi uthi "kuhle!" kuhle. Kulo nyaka, "u-Sponge Bob" awuyi-uncool ngokuphelele, futhi ngokungazelelwe kufanele uthi "uyesabeka" kunokuthi "kuhle." Izingane ezine-autism zinenkinga enkulu ekuqoqeni nasekusebenziseni izinguquko ezingalindelekile zalolu hlobo .
- Ukuntula Ukubekezela Kwezimvume Nezifiso: Uzocabanga ukuthi, ezweni lanamuhla, othisha bazoqonda futhi benze ngendlela yokuthi izingane ziziphatha ngayo futhi zifunde ngezindlela ezahlukene. Kodwa, ezimweni eziningi, ucabanga ukuthi akulungile. Ngezinye izikhathi kungenxa yokuthi uthisha othize uthola ukuthukuthelisa noma ukuphazamisa ukuba nomfundi oshayayo, owenzela, noma ohamba ngezindlela ezingalindelekile , okhuluma kakhulu ngentshisekelo ekhethekile, noma enenkinga yokusebenzisana noontanga. Ngokuvamile, uthisha ukhubazekile ngokulindela ukuthi ekilasini lakhe lizothuthuka ngesilinganiso esithile futhi likwazi ukuphendula imibuzo yokuhlola ehambisanayo ngesakhiwo esinqunyelwe ngaphambili ngesivinini esinqunyiwe ngaphambili.
Ngezansi, izikole zekhulu le-21 aziklanyelwe ukuba zifinyeleleke kuwo wonke umuntu. Kunalokho, zenzelwe iqembu elithile labafundi - labo abakwazi ukuphatha zonke izinselele ezibalulwe ngenhla. Kwabafundi abanokuhlukana kwanoma yiluphi uhlobo, kukhona "izindawo ezikhethekile" zokuhlala - ngokuvamile ezibandakanya "amakamelo okufundela ahlukene kodwa alinganayo", imisebenzi, ngisho nama-curricula.
Kubafundi abane-autism, isikole singaba yinselele futhi sinzima kakhulu kunanoma yikuphi okunye okulungiselelwe. Lokhu, ngokwayo, imelela inkinga. "UJohnny akakwazi ngisho nokuphatha ibanga lesithathu," abazali abaningi, othisha nabaqondisi abaningi bacabanga - "ngakho-ke angayisebenzisa kanjani insimbi yomculo, ukubhukuda kweqembu, i-chess club, i-Boy Scouts, noma enye into engaphandle?"
Iqiniso liwukuthi, kubantwana abaningi be-autistic, kungaphandle kwezikole ukuthi amakhono abo, izintshisekelo kanye namakhono abo angabonakala.