Noma yikuphi ukuhlinzwa kuyoletha inani elithile lokwesaba nokukhathazeka. Ukuhlinzeka nge- Ileostomy akuhlukile uma kuziwa ekubangela ukungaqiniseki, kodwa ezimweni eziningi i-ileostomy yindlela yokulondoloza impilo engakhuphula izinga lomuntu lomuntu.
Ukubeka ngokubanzi, ukuhlinzwa kwe-uleostomy yilokho konke noma ingxenye yekoloni (intombazane enkulu) isusiwe futhi ingxenye yamathumbu amancane ephuma ngodonga lwesisu, ukuze indaba yefecal ihlulwe kude ne-anus.
Kunezinhlobo ezihlukahlukene ezinhlobonhlobo ezahlukene zokuhlinzwa kwe-uleostomy okungathatha, okuchazwe ngezansi. I-ileostomy ingenziwa ngezizathu eziningana, kuhlanganise nesifo sikaCrohn, isifo sofuba esiswini, i-polyposis yomndeni noma umdlavuza wekoloni . Kwezinye izimo, i-ileostomy ingase ishintshwe ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa okulandelayo.
Yini i-Ostomy?
I-ostomy yilapho ukuhlinzekwa kusetshenziselwa ukwakha ukuvula kusuka kwesilwane kuya ngaphandle komzimba. Ezimweni eziningi, lokhu kwenziwa ukuze kuhlinzeke enye indlela ukuze umzimba ulahle izinto ezikudoti (umchamo nesitokisi ). Lokhu kubandakanya ukuhlinzwa kwe- colostomy , ileostomy, kanye ne-urostomy. Ngezinye izikhathi, i-ileostomy ingabuye ibhekiswe njengokunciphisa okuncane kwamathumbu.
Phakathi nokuhlinzwa kwe-ileostomy, umathumbu omkhulu uvame ukukhishwa. Kwezinye izimo, i- rectum (ingxenye yokugcina yamathumbu amakhulu) ne- anus ishiywe ngaphakathi emzimbeni, kodwa kwezinye izimo ingase isuswe futhi.
Njengoba ikholoni (futhi mhlawumbe i-anus kanye / noma i-rectum) ihambe, enye indlela kufanele ihlelwe kwisitoreji ukuphuma emzimbeni. E-ileostomy, ingxenye yamathumbu amancane (i-ileum) ilethwa ngodonga lwesisu kuya ngaphandle komzimba.
Kwezinye izimo, i-ileostomy ingenziwa noma konke noma ingxenye yekoloni ishiywe kahle.
Ezimweni eziningi, lokhu kungenxa yezizathu zesikhashana, ezifana nomonakalo noma izifo ekoloni.
Ukuze uxhume i-ileum ngaphandle komzimba, kuvulwa ukuhlinzwa okumele kwenziwe kwidonga lesisu. Leso sigaba esincane se-ileum esenziwa ngokuvulwa esiswini sithathwa ngokuthi i-stoma (igama lesiGreki elisho "umlomo"). I-stoma ifakwe emdongeni wesisu futhi lapho isitolishi sishiya umzimba.
Izinhlobo
Zonke i-ileostomies azidalwanga ngokulinganayo; kunezinhlobo ezahlukene ze-uleostomi esetshenziselwa ukwelashwa kwezifo ezithile noma izimo ezithile.
I-Standard noma i-Brooke Ileostomy. Lona uhlobo lwe-uleostomy oluvame ukwenziwa, ikakhulukazi ezimweni zesifo se-ulcerative, isifo sikaCrohn, i-polyposis yomndeni nomdlavuza. Leli qembu laqanjwa ngemuva kokuhlinza udokotela waseNgilandi, uBryan Nicholas Brooke, owasungula amasu amanje asetshenziselwa ukuhlinzeka nge-uleostomy namuhla. Ku-Brooke ileostomy, i-stoma yenziwa ngokufaka ingxenye ye-ileum ibuyele phezu kwayo, efana nokweqa emuva inkomishi ye-sweater, nokuyixuba esiswini. Udoti luvame ukuvumelana okumanzi noma okunamathisela futhi kuqoqwe ku-ostomy appliance ehlanganiswe nesisu esiswini.
Lona uhlobo olulodwa lwe-ilestomy olwenzelwa iziguli ezine-Crohn's disease.
Ileostomy yezwekazi. I-ileostomy yezwekazi inehlukahlukana eziningana ezivela ku-Brooke ileostomy, kodwa enkulu kakhulu ukuthi iziguli ezine-ileostomy yezwekazi azigqoke umshini we-ostomy. Esikhundleni salokho, igabha kanye ne-valve idalwe kusuka ku-ileum. Le valve ingaphakathi kodonga lwesisu (esikhundleni se-stoma, engaphandle). Ukukhipha imfucuza, ithubhu encane - i-catheter - ifakwa esiswini ukuze kukhishwe imfucuza. Ikhefu igqoke i-valve kuze kube yilapho sekuyisikhathi sokukhipha umthombo. I-ileostomy yezwekazi ingenziwa ezimweni ze-ulcerative colitis, i-polyposis yomndeni nomdlavuza.
Ukuhlinzekwa kwesigxobo sepelvic (j-poch) . Kuhlanganiswe lapha ngoba i-ileostomy iyisinyathelo esisodwa senqubo, kodwa uma iphelele, lo msebenzi awudingi ukusebenza kwangaphandle noma umcengezi wokubamba noma ukususa imfucuza. Kulolu hlobo lohlinzekwa, i-reservoir yenziwe kusukela ku-ileum yokugcina. Ngokuvamile lesi sitsha senziwe ngokuma kwe- "j", kodwa futhi singenziwa esimweni s "s" noma "w." Ingxenye noma yonke i-rectum ne-anus igcinwa kulolu hlobo lokuhlinzwa. Ukuhlinzekwa kwesigqoko sepelvic ngokuvamile kwenziwa ngezinyathelo ezimbili noma ezintathu, ne-Brooke ileostomy ibe yisinyathelo sokuqala. I-ileostomy ibuye ishintshwe ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, futhi isitsha sangaphakathi sinamathele ku-rectum noma i-anus, futhi isitembu singashiya umzimba ngaphandle kokusebenzisa uhlelo lwangaphandle.
Ukunakekela i-Ostomy
Nge-stoma endaweni, kuzomele kusetshenziswe uhlelo lokusebenza lwe-ostomy ukuqoqa isikhala lapho sishiya umzimba ngokusebenzisa i-stoma. Umhlengikazi we-enterostomal (ET) ungumhlinzeki wezempilo osiza iziguli ze-ostomy ukunakekelwa nge-stoma yazo. Iziguli ezine-ileostomy entsha zizokwaziswa ukuthi zingashintsha kanjani uhlelo lwe-ostomy . I-flange ye-ostomy appliance idinga ukulandelwa kahle esiswini ukuze kuvikelwe isikhumba esiseduze ne-stoma ukuba ingaxhumani nesitokisi. Kwezinye izimo, ukuthintana njalo nesitokisi kungabangela isikhumba sungeze i-stoma (isikhumba esiphambene nomzimba) ukuba sonakaliswe noma siphume.
Kunezinsimbi ezikhona ze-ostomy ezitholakalayo ezivela ezinkampanini ezihlukahlukene ze-ostomy supply. Ivela emaphoyiseni avuliwe angasetshenziswa nsuku zonke, ezincane ezincane zokusetshenziswa, okungasetshenziselwa isenzakalo esikhethekile noma ukubhukuda. Ezinye iziguli zingase zizame izinhlobo ezahlukene zemishini ngaphambi kokuxazulula kulabo abasebenza kahle.
Yini Engayilindela Kubuchopho Be-Ileostomy
Ukuthola i-ileostomy kuyindlela enkulu yokuhlinzwa futhi ukuhlala esibhedlela kuyoba kuphi kusukela ezinsukwini ezimbalwa kuya kwesonto. Isikhathi sokuphumula singase sibe amasonto ayisithupha, kuye ngezici eziningana ezihlukahlukene kuhlanganise nohlobo lwe-ileostomy nokuhlinzwa ngaphambi kokungeniswa.
Ukuhlangana Nesi-Nurse
Ezinsukwini ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa, wena kanye nethimba lakho lezokunakekelwa kwezempilo uzothatha imisebenzi eminingi ehlobene nokufika kwakho esibhedlela ukuhlinzwa. Uzohlangana nomhlengikazi we-ET, ozokuxoxa ngezihloko ezimbalwa ezihlukene nawe. Isihloko sokuqala sizoba indawo yesimo sakho. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu ekuhlinzekeni kwe-ostomy, futhi kudinga ukuqonda wonke umuntu ethimbeni lezempilo. Umhlengikazi wakho we-ET uzothatha indlela yakho yokuphila, izingubo ezijwayelekile, ukuthi ugqoka kanjani izingubo zakho, futhi izintandokazi zakho zicabangele ukubekwa kwe-stoma.
Okulandelayo uzokhuluma ngokuthi uzokwenzela kanjani ileostomy yakho emva kokuhlinzwa. Ukuze i-ileostomy ejwayelekile, uzothola izincomo ezinhlobonhlobo zemishini ye-ostomy engase ikusebenzele kangcono. Umhlengikazi wakho we-ET angakunika ukuthi uzokhipha amasampula ezinkampanini ezihlukahlukene, kanye nokwaziswa lapho ungathola khona uma kunesidingo. Ukuze uthole i-ostomy yezwekazi, uzokhuluma ngokuthi ungayilahla kanjani ibheyili, nokuthi kufanele kwenziwe kaningi kangakanani nokuthi ungayinakekela kanjani i-valve.
Isibhedlela sakho nodokotela wakho odokotela
Ungalindela ukuba uhlolwe ngaphambi kokuba uvunyelwe ukuhlinzwa. Ukuhlolwa okumbalwa okungenziwa kwenziwe kufaka ukuhlolwa kwegazi kanye nesifuba x-rays. Udokotela ohlinzayo wakho kanye / noma i- gastroenterologist yakho izohamba ngemithi yakho yamanje futhi inqume ukuthi ngabe yiziphi izinguquko okudingeka zenziwe ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa.
Uzothola futhi udokotela wakho ohlinzayo ukuthi uzoyilungisa kanjani ikolon yakho yokuhlinzwa. Cishe uzodinga ukulungiselela njengokungathi uzoba ne-colonoscopy. I- prep ingenziwa ngenye yezindlela ezihlukahlukene, kepha umgomo ukusula ikholoni yakho yazo zonke izitoli. Ungaphinde unikezwe ezinye izidakamizwa ukuthatha ezinsukwini ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa, njengama-antibiotic.
Ukuhlinzwa
Usuku lokuhlinza uzovunyelwa esibhedlela futhi uqale nge-IV fluids. Ukuhlinzwa kwakho kuzohlala amahora amaningana. Uma uvuselela ekubuyiseleni, uzothola ukuthi une stoma noma i-valve esiswini sakho, unomshini osebenza kuwo. Ungase ube nezikhukhula zokuhlinza kanye ne- naogastric (NG) tube endaweni. Kungase kube neminye imishini yokwelapha ezokusiza ekulawuleni kwakho ubuhlungu nokubuyiswa, njengokungqubuzana kwe-morphine noma ukucindezela kwe-pneumatic cuffs emilenzeni yakho.
Isibhedlela Sihlale
Udokotela wakho ohlinzayo uzoqapha ngokucophelela isimo sakho ngenkathi uhlala esibhedlela. Ngaphambi kokuba ukwazi ukudla noma ukuphuza, ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lizolalela isisu sakho emisindweni yemilenze. Uma uphila njengoba kulindeleke, ungase uthweswe iziqu ekudleni okuketshezi ezinsukwini ezimbalwa, bese unikezwa ukudla okuqinile ngokwengeziwe, ngezigaba. Abahlengikazi bakho bayokwenza bakhuleke futhi bahambe ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka, ngoba ukuhamba kubalulekile ukuthola umzimba wakho emgwaqweni ukuze ululame.
Ukubuyisela kwakho ekhaya
Uma usukhululiwe esibhedlela, uzoqhubeka nokuphumula kwakho ekhaya. Ungathola ukuvakashelwa noma ababili kusuka kumhlengikazi ovakashele noma ozivolontiya esibhedlela ezinsukwini ngokushesha ngemuva kokukhishwa kwakho. Uzoba nama-aphoyintimenti ahleliwe nodokotela wakho ohlinzayo ukuze indawo yakho yokuhlinzwa nokuthola kwakho kuhlolwe. Ungase futhi ube ne-aphoyintimenti nomhlengikazi wakho we-ET, noma esibhedlela noma ekhaya, ukukusiza ekushintsheni kokuqala kohlelo lwakho lwe-ostomy.
Ukubuyela emisebenzini evamile kuzothatha amasonto ambalwa, futhi udokotela wakho ohlinzayo kufanele akunikeze imvume ngezikhathi ezithile ukuze abuyele imisebenzi efana nemisebenzi yasendlini, ukuzivocavoca, ubulili, nokubuyela emsebenzini. Ukudla kwakho kungenziwa kuphela emasontweni okuqala ekhaya, mhlawumbe ngokudla okunomkhawulo we-fibre noma ezinye izinhlelo zokudla njengoba kuchazwe udokotela wakho ohlinzayo.
Uma ileostomy yakho yesikhashana futhi izophendulwa, uzoxoxa ngokuhlela ukuhlinzwa kwesibili neqembu lakho lezokwelapha.
Imithombo:
I-American Cancer Society. "Ileostomy." Cancer.org 17 Mar 2011. 31 Jan 2016.
Izinketho ze-NHS. "Ileostomy." Isevisi yezeMpilo kaZwelonke 3 Septemba 2012. 31 Jan 2016.
I-United Ostomy Associations of America, Inc. "Isiqondiso se-Ileostomy." Ostomy.org 2011. 31 Jan 2016.