Kungani odokotela bengasebenzisi igama elithi 'Kuphulukiswe' ngomdlavuza?
Umbuzo ovame ukubuza ukuthi, "Ingabe umdlavuza wemaphaphu ungaphulukiswa?" Kuthiwani uma ibanjwa ekuseni? Kungenziwa ukuhlinzwa noma imithi yokwelapha ukwelapha umdlavuza wamaphaphu? Njengemibuzo eminingi mayelana nomdlavuza wamaphaphu, impendulo eqotho mayelana nomdlavuza wamaphaphu "njalo ephilile" idinga incazelo ecacile.
Lona umbuzo onzima ngoba impendulo ingaba yebo noma cha ngokuya ngokuthi uchaza kanjani ukwelashwa.
Ngaphambi kokuchaza ukuthi lokhu kusho ukuthini nokuthi ngoba ithemba libaluleke kakhulu ekubekeni umdlavuza, kubalulekile ukukhumbula izinto ezimbalwa:
- Ngezinye izikhathi ukutholakala nomdlavuza wamaphaphu kungenzeka, ikakhulukazi uma lesi sifo sibanjwa ekuqaleni, noma uma umdlavuza wamaphaphu ophuthumayo uphendukela emithonjeni ethintekayo noma e-immunotherapy.
- Abanye abantu baphila iminyaka eminingi ngisho nangomdlavuza wesigaba 4 wamaphaphu.
- Ama-metastases asekude, njengalapho umdlavuza wamaphaphu usakazeka ebuchosheni, ngezinye izikhathi manje ungaphathwa ngethemba lokuphila isikhathi eside.
- Kunezimo ezibikiwe-nakuba zingavamile-lapho umdlavuza wamaphaphu uye waphazamiseka ngokuzenzekelayo .
- Ngisho noma umdlavuza wamaphaphu awuphilwanga, cishe njalo uphathwa.
Kuthiwani 'Ukwelashwa' Ngokuphathelene 'Nezikhonda Eziqinile'?
Ngomqondo onzima kakhulu weli gama, umdlavuza wamaphaphu awukwazi "ukwelashwa." Lokhu kusho ukuthi kukhona njalo ithuba (kwezinye izimo lokhu kuncane kakhulu) ukuthi umdlavuza wamaphaphu ungabuyela emuva, ngisho neminyaka eminingi noma amashumi eminyaka ngemuva kokutholakele ekuqaleni.
Uma umuntu ehlala isikhathi eside ngaphandle kobufakazi bomdlavuza (akukho ubufakazi bomdlavuza ngezinye izikhathi kuthiwa yi- NED kuphela ) okunciphisa amathuba okuthi uzobuya.
Kukhona impela kancane kakhulu umdlavuza lapho abantu bangase bathi "baphulukisiwe" ngomqondo ohlanzekile wegama, futhi eziningi zazo zingama-khansa ahlobene negazi njenge-leukemia ezinganeni.
Umdlavuza we-Lung, esikhundleni salokho, ufana nezinye "izicubu eziqinile" ezifana nomdlavuza wesifuba nomdlavuza wekolon lapho kukhishwa khona isikhathi eside, kodwa odokotela bayenqikaza ukusebenzisa igama eliphulukisiwe.
Isibonelo sokusiza ukuchaza lokhu ukuthi abantu abaye basinda umdlavuza wamaphaphu iminyaka emihlanu banomngcipheko oqhubekayo wokufa emdlavuza wamaphaphu kuze kufike eminyakeni engama-18 emva kokuxilongwa kwabo. Ukuphindaphinda kungenzeka kulabo abane- lung adenocarcinoma kunomdlavuza we- cell wamaphaphu ; cishe uma umdlavuza usakazeke kuma-lymph nodes , futhi kungenzeka uma ukuhlinzeka kungenziwa ( ngezicubu ezingasebenzi ).
Lapho I-Cancer Lung Can Really Called Healed?
Okunye okuhlukile kulezi zincwadi ngabantu abanesifo somdlavuza we-1A emaphashini angenawo amasosha amancane-okusho ukuthi i-tumor incane kakhulu futhi ayizange ilandelwe kunoma yimiphi imithwalo yegazi. Kulesi simo, uma kungekho ubufakazi bomdlavuza ngemva kweminyaka emihlanu, kubonakala sengathi igama lokugulisa lingasetshenziswa.
Kungani I-Cancers Iminyaka Ezayo Noma Iminyaka Eminyaka Ezayo?
Asazi kahle ukuthi umdlavuza wamaphaphu (nezinye izicubu eziqinile ezifana nomdlavuza webele) zingabonakala zifihle iminyaka eminingi bese ziphinde ziphinde zivele. Enye inkolelo ukuthi kukhona ubukhulu bomzimba wamangqamuzana omzimba, namanye amangqamuzana (amasosha omdlavuza we-cancer) aphikisana kakhulu nokwelashwa futhi anakho ukulala phansi.
Nansi isihloko esingasiza ukuchaza ukuthi umdlavuza ungafihla kanjani iminyaka noma amashumi eminyaka .
Ingabe Isifo Sengculazi Singaqala Ukwelashwa Ngokuhlinzwa?
Ngokuvamile, ukuhlinzwa kunika ithuba elihle lokusinda isikhathi eside emdlalweni wamaphaphu. Njengoba kuphawuliwe ngenhla, lapho ukuhlinza kwenziwa nganoma yisiphi isigaba sokuqala, asizange sisakaze kuma-lymph nodes noma emithanjeni yegazi, odokotela bangase basebenzise igama lokuphulukisa ngezinye izikhathi.
Ukwelashwa kungenziwa kulabo abanesiteji 1 , isigaba sesi-2 nesigaba 3A somdlavuza wesifo samangqamuzana esincane. Esifundweni esikhulu, phakathi kwabantu abanesigaba 1A umdlavuza wamaphaphu, amaphesenti angu-16 aphindaphindiwe eminyakeni emihlanu yokuqala, futhi engozini yokuphindaphinda emva kweminyaka emihlanu ibe yi-4.8%.
Kwesinye isifundo, amaphesenti angu-87 abantu abahlinzwa ngokuphumelelayo nge-lymph node dissection, futhi baphila iminyaka emihlanu ngemuva kokuthola ukuthi baxilongwa yini, basinda eminye iminyaka emihlanu umdlavuza. Ngaphakathi kwaleli qembu:
- Kubantu abanesifo se-N0 (akukho ukusakazwa komdlavuza kuma-lymph nodes ngokusho kwesimiso se-TNM somdlavuza wamaphaphu ), amaphesenti angu-89 ahlala engumdlavuza mahhala.
- Amaphesenti angama-84 abantu abanesifo se-N1 (ukusakazwa komdlavuza kumagciwane angama-lymph node eduze nesifo sokuqala) babengenasifo somdlavuza.
- Amaphesenti angu-65 alabo abanesifo se-N2 (ukusakazeka komdlavuza kumakhansela angaphezu komdlavuza) kwakungenasifo.
Ingabe I-Chemotherapy Iphikisana Ne-Cancer Lung Cancer?
Ngokuvamile, i-chemotherapy ayisetshenziselwa ukunqanda abantu abanomdlavuza wamaphaphu. Kunezizathu ezimbili eziyinhloko zamakhemikhali angasetshenziswa. Enye ifana ne-adjuvant therapy. Isibonelo, uma umuntu enesifo somdlavuza wamaphaphu, i-chemotherapy inganikezwa njengokwelashwa okwengeziwe uma kwenzeka noma yiliphi ilanga lomdlavuza wamaphaphu lisakaze kwezinye izifunda zomzimba-kodwa alitholakali ngokuhlolwa kwe-imaging. Lawa maseli angase asakaze kodwa angabonakali abizwa ngokuthi ama-micrometastases.
Omunye umgomo oyinhloko we-chemotherapy nomdlavuza wamaphaphu unjengokwelashwa okunamandla . Lona ukwelashwa okunikezwa ukunweba impilo noma ukunciphisa izimpawu, kodwa akuhlosiwe ukuphulukisa isifo.
Indima ye- chemotherapy yomdlavuza wamaphaphu ibaluleke kakhulu ukuyiqonda. Ucwaningo olwenziwa ngo-2014 lwathola ukuthi cishe amaphesenti angu-70 abantu abanomdlavuza wamaphaphu abengaqondi ukuthi i-chemotherapy yayingeke neze iphulukise umdlavuza wabo. Abantu abaningi banamathemba amanga okuthi mhlawumbe i-chemotherapy izosebenza ukuphulukisa umdlavuza wabo, kodwa lokhu akunakwenzeka kumuntu onesifo se-metasatic.
Uma udokotela wakho ekhuluma ngamakhemikhali aphikisayo, qiniseka ukuthi uyazi ukuthi ukhuluma ngani nokuthi yiziphi imigomo yakhe. I-chemotherapy enama-palliative inikezwa ngezinhloso ezehlukene engqondweni ukuthi i-chemotherapy yendabuko. Ngamanye amazwi, uma ulindele ngempela ukuthi uzothola ukwelashwa, ungase uthande ukucubungula ukuhlolwa komtholampilo noma ukhetho olunjenge-immunotherapy.
Ingabe I-Cancer Lung Can Cured With Radiation?
I-radiotherapy ye-stereotactic yomzimba (i-SBRT) , eyaziwa kakhulu ngokuthi "inqubo yomshini we- cyber", ingaba nempumelelo efana nokuhlinzekwa kwabanye abantu abanomdlavuza wamaphaphu ekuqaleni, futhi abangakwazi ukuphathwa ngomshuwalense ngokuhlinzwa. Esicwaningweni esincane seziguli esasinda eminyakeni emihlanu elandelayo i-SBRT, amaphesenti angu-25 aphinde abuyele kwesifo sabo.
Ukwelashwa kwemisebe yendabuko kuvame ukusetshenziselwa ukuthi kube yindlela yokwelashwa okuhambisana nayo (njengokuthi i-chemotherapy), ukunweba impilo, noma ukunciphisa izimpawu zomdlavuza wamaphaphu njengobunzima bamathambo noma ukuvimbela umoya.
I-Can Targeted Therapies noma Immunotherapy Cure Cancer Cancer
Ngomdlavuza wamaphaphu okuyisiteji sesi-4 (noma isigaba 3B ), umgomo wokwelashwa ngokuvamile awuwona ukwelashwa, kodwa kunalokho kukhulisa izimpawu zokuphila nokulawula. Lokho kusho ukuthi ikakhulukazi ezinye zezokwelapha ezithintekayo zomdlavuza wamaphaphu njengeTarceva erlotinib) noma i-Xalkori (crizotinib) abanye abantu bayakwazi ukuhlala isikhathi eside, ngezinye izikhathi iminyaka eminingi ngenkathi belapha umdlavuza wabo njengoba bebengayithola esinye isifo esingapheli isifo sezinso noma isifo sikashukela.
Kubalulekile ukuthi wonke umuntu onomdlavuza wamaphaphu ethuthukile abe nokuprofetha kwamangqamuzana (ukuprofetha kwezakhi) okwenziwe emathunjini abo. Ngaphandle kwezokwelapha manje ezivunyelwe abantu abanezinguquko ze- EGFR , ukulungiswa kabusha kwe-ALK , ukulungiswa kabusha kwe- ROS1 , nezinye izinguquko zezakhi zofuzo emangqamuzaneni omdlavuza kukhona ukuvivinya komtholampilo ukuhlola ezinye eziningi izici zamanoveli zamangqamuzana omdlavuza wamaphaphu.
I-Immunotherapy iphinde iphefumule isithembiso sempilo yesikhathi eside esingenasifo okungenani abantu abathile abanomdlavuza wamaphaphu. Akuwona wonke umuntu ophendula ngalezi zindlela zokwelapha, kepha uma esebenza kahle angabangela ukuhlala isikhathi eside kwabanye abantu. Ngo-2015 izidakamizwa ezimbili zokuqala ze-immunotherapy, i-Opdivo (nivolumab) ne-Keytruda (pembrolizumab) yavunyelwa ukwelashwa komdlavuza wamaphaphu neminye imithi kuleli klasi, kanye nokuhlanganiswa, kuhlolwe ekuvivinyweni kwemitholampilo .
Ukwelashwa kwama-Oligometastases
Yize ngezinye izikhathi kungenzeka ukuthi kungavamile ukuhlala isikhathi eside isikhathi eside ngisho nalapho umdlavuza wamaphaphu usakazeke. Kukhona imibiko yabantu abangaphezu kweyishumi nambili abaye baphila iminyaka eyishumi noma ngaphezulu emva kokutholakala kwamathambo esifo somdlavuza we-lungs. Umbiko wamanje uphinde ukhombise ukuthi ukwelashwa kwezidakamizwa ezindaweni eziningi nge-radiotherapy yomzimba wesimo somzimba kungase kube yindlela yokuthuthukisa impilo yesikhathi eside kwabanye abantu abanomdlavuza wesigaba 4 wamaphaphu esikhathini esizayo.
Funda kabanzi mayelana nezinketho zokwelapha umdlavuza wamaphaphu nge- metastases yamathambo , i- adrenal gland ye-metastase , kanye ne- metastases yesibindi .
Kuthiwani Ngokuphulukiswa Kwemvelo?
I-intanethi igcwele izixhumanisi okuthiwa "ukuphulukiswa kwemvelo" yomdlavuza. Ngeshwa, ukucwaninga kuze kube yimanje kuhluleka ukukhombisa inzuzo yokusinda nganoma iyiphi yalezi zindlela. Okungcono kakhulu, eminye yemikhiqizo ingasiza ngezimpawu ezihlobene nomdlavuza wamaphaphu kanye nezindlela zokwelashwa, kodwa okungaphezu kwalokho, zingaphazamisa ukwelashwa kwe-chemotherapy, zingase zigcwale izifo zomdlavuza ezigulayo, futhi uma zisetshenziselwa ukwelashwa okuvamile, zinganciphisa ukuphila ukulindela.
Kuyadabukisa ukuthi izixazululo ezithintekayo nokukhangisa kwamanga kuye kwehlisa ezinye izindlela zokwelashwa ngezindlela eziningi. Iphathwe ngabachwepheshe abanelayisensi abasebenza ngokukhethekile emithi yokwelapha ezinye zalezi zonyango, ezifana nokukhwabanisa noma i- ginger ye-cerebral-stimulated nausea , ingasiza abantu ukuba babhekane nezinkinga zokwelashwa okuvamile emdlalweni, futhi ngokwenza kanjalo, ngcono izinga lokuphila. Funda kabanzi ngezinye izindlela zokwelapha umdlavuza wamaphaphu okungakusiza ukuba ubhekane nezinkinga zesifo.
Ukubhekana Nokungaqiniseki
Ukubhekana nokungaqiniseki ngomdlavuza kungenye yezici ezinzima kakhulu zokusinda . Ukuba nomthelela emphakathini womdlavuza wamaphaphu kuye kwasiza abantu abaningi ukuba babhekane nezinkinga ezingenangqondo kanye nokwesaba ukuphindaphindiwe komdlavuza nokuqhubeka , njengoba uqaphela ukuthi akukhona nje kuphela ukuthi awodwa wodwa kodwa kungaba isibusiso kwabanye abaye bathola ukuthi banesifo.
Ngenkathi siyazi ukuthi ngezinye izikhathi abantu abenza konke okwamanje banokuqhubeka nomdlavuza wabo, kunezinto ezimbalwa ongenza zona okungase zithuthukise ukusinda . Sifunda nokuthi ukudla ukudla okunempilo kungadlala indima ekunciphiseni ukuphindaphinda, futhi ungase ufune ukuhlola lolu hlu lomdlavuza wamaphaphu-ukulwa nokudla okuhlolwe ukuze ubone ukuthi yini, uma ikhona, umphumela abangase babe nawo emaphashini amangqamuzana omdlavuza ngokuqondile.
Imithombo:
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