Uyazibuza ukuthi isilinganiso sokusinda isilinganiso salohlobo oluthile nesigaba somdlavuza wamaphaphu ? Sinezinhlobo eziningana zezibalo ezitholakalayo, kodwa ngaphambi kokubheka lezi zinombolo kubalulekile ukukhuluma ngezinto ezimbalwa.
Izinga lokusinda lomdlavuza wamaphaphu lihlukile kumuntu ngamunye. Kunezici eziningi ezingase zandise noma zinciphise lezi zinombolo.
Noma kunjalo, amazinga okusinda nawo adinga ukuqondwa. Kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi lezi zinombolo zivelaphi, nokuthi kungani zingakhohlisa noma zingalungi ngokuphelele, ngaphambi kokubheka izinombolo zakho.
Isilinganiso Sokusinda?
Amanani okuphila komdlavuza we-Lung ayingxenye yokuthi bangaki abantu abahlala benomdlavuza wemaphaphu emva kwesikhathi esithile. Isibonelo, isilinganiso saminyaka emihlanu sokusinda samaphesenti angama-40 ngesimo singasho ukuthi amaphesenti angu-40 abantu, noma abantu abangu-40 kubantu abayishumi, babeyophila ngemva kweminyaka emihlanu.
Lapho ekhuluma ngomdlavuza wamaphaphu, odokotela bavame ukusebenzisa igama elithi ukusinda komphakathi . Ukusinda kweMedian yisikhathi sesikhathi abantu abangamaphesenti angu-50 abanesifo abazofa, kanti amaphesenti angu-50 asaphila.
Amazinga okuphila komdlavuza we-Lung yizibalo futhi akusho ukuthi anikeze isilinganiso esilungile sokuthi umuntu uzosinda isikhathi esingakanani ngesifo esithile. Kunezici eziningi ezithinta izinga lokusinda umdlavuza wamaphaphu , kubandakanya impilo ejwayelekile, ubulili, ubuhlanga, kanye nokwelashwa okusetshenzisiwe.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuyeka ukubhema kuboniswa ukuze kuthuthukiswe iziguli ezinomdlavuza wesifo samangqamuzana ongenawo amancane futhi kwezinye iziguli ezine-cancer encane yamaphaphu omncane.
Ukunemba kwamaRatenti
Akuwona wonke umuntu ophila nomdlavuza wamaphaphu unesithakazelo ezindabeni zokuzwa mayelana namanani okusinda. Abanye abantu bafuna ukwazi ukuthi bangalindela yini (ngokulinganisa lokho) ngohlobo lwabo oluthile lomdlavuza wamaphaphu, kanti abanye bathola izinombolo mayelana namanani okusinda angadangalisa.
Kubalulekile ukuthi abathandekayo bazwele lokhu futhi bahloniphe izifiso zomuntu wabo othandekayo ngomdlavuza. Lokho kusho, ngisho noma unesithakazelo kuzibalo, kunezinto ongazenza ukuze uphakamise izinkinga zakho . Lezi ezinye izinto ngaphandle kokuhlinzwa, ukwelashwa kwamakhemikhali, kanye nokwelashwa kwama-radiation ezitholakale ukwandisa ukusinda ezinhlelweni ezicwaningwa kahle, futhi eziningi zazo zilula, njengokuthola ukwesekwa okuqinile.
Ukubeka Izinombolo KuPhuzu
Sifisa ukuthi singathatha umuntu ngamunye ofunda lokhu ohambweni ukuze abone indlela ukwelashwa komdlavuza wamaphaphu namanani okuphila okuthuthukayo. Lokho akusilo ithemba lamanga. Kuyiqiniso ukuthi iminyaka engaba ngu-40 yokusinda komdlavuza wamaphaphu-okungenani isifo esiphuthumayo-esincane.
Kodwa ngonyaka odlule kusukela ngo-2016, isilinganiso sokusinda kwesigaba sesine sesisifo kabili. Akusiyo nje izidakamizwa ezintsha futhi ezingcono kodwa izigaba ezintsha nezingahle zezidakamizwa okufanele sizilwe nesifo. Hlola izibalo uma uzithola ziwusizo, kodwa ungakhohlwa ukuthi kunethemba.
Izingosi Ezithinta Amanani Okusinda
Kunezici eziningi ezahlukene ezingathinta izinga lokusinda emdlalweni wamaphaphu. Ezinye zalezi zici zihlanganisa:
- Ubudala - Ukusinda komdlavuza we-Lung kungcono eminyakeni encane kunezindala. Lokhu kubalulekile ukuthi kuqaphele ukuthi abantu abasha abanomdlavuza wamaphaphu bavame ukutholakala esiteshini esiphakeme sesifo (njengoba abantu abaningi, kubandakanya abahlinzeki bezempilo, bengacabangi nomdlavuza wamaphaphu kubantu abasha.)
- Ubulili - Abesifazane bavame ukuba nesifo sengculaza emaphaphu esigabeni ngasinye sesifo.
- Umjaho - Izinga lokusinda libonakala liphansi kubantu base-Afrika baseMelika kunokuba abantu baseCaucasia noma base-Asia.
- Ezinye izimo zezokwelashwa - Abantu abanezinye izimo zezokwelapha ezinzulu ezifana nesifo senhliziyo noma isifo samaphaphu ngokuvamile abenzi kanye nalabo abaphilile.
- Indlela osabela ngayo ekwelapheni - Abanye abantu bayakwazi ukubekezelela ukwelashwa kulula kunezinye.
- Izinkinga zomdlavuza wamaphaphu - Kunezinkinga eziningi ezikhona zomdlavuza wamaphaphu , ezinye zazo ezinganciphisa izinga lokusinda.
- Ukubhema - Ukubhema okuqhubekayo ngemva kokuxilongwa komdlavuza wamaphaphu kunciphisa izinga lokusinda futhi kungandisa ingozi yezinkinga kusuka ekuhlinzeni, chemotherapy, ukwelapha imishanguzo, kanye nemithi yokwelapha.
Amazinga okuPhepha okuPhezulu ngohlobo
- I-Cancer Small Lung Cancer - Isilinganiso seminyaka emihlanu yokusinda emdlashini omncane wamangqamuzana wamaphaphu (okulinganiselwe futhi okubanzi) kuphela amaphesenti angu-6 kuphela.
- I-Can-Small Cell Lung Cancer - Isilinganiso seminyaka engu-5 sokusinda komdlavuza ongasona omncane wamaphaphu (zonke izigaba zihlangene) cishe cishe amaphesenti angu-18.
- I-BAC (i-Bronchioloalveolar Carcinoma) - I-BAC empeleni iyisikhathi esidala futhi manje ithathwa njenge-subtype ye-lung adenocarcinoma. Izinga lokusinda ne-BAC likhulu kangcono kunezinye izinhlobo ze-non-small cell cell lung cancer, ikakhulukazi uma ibanjwa ngokushesha futhi isifo esisodwa kuphela. Kwesinye isifundo, labo abatholakala bephethe i-BAC futhi babe nezicubu ezingaphansi kwamamentimitha amathathu ububanzi, babe nesilinganiso seminyaka emihlanu sokusinda samaphesenti angu-100 ngokuhlinzwa. Izinga lokusinda iminyaka emihlanu labantu abanezigaba eziphambili zesifo zihluka kakhulu.
Ukusinda Amanani ngesiteji
Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, amazinga okusinda awabonisi umehluko kubantu ngabanye. Ngaphezu kwalokho, khumbula ukuthi akuwona wonke umuntu onesiteleka esithile somdlavuza wemaphaphu onokufanisa okufanayo. Umdlavuza wesifo samaphaphu ungasiza ukwelashwa okuqondiswayo, kodwa kunomdlavuza omkhulu ngaphakathi kwesigaba ngasinye.
- Isigaba 1 Isiliva Esincane-Esincane - Isilinganiso seminyaka engu-5 sokusinda esigabeni 1A Umdlavuza wemiphunga ngamaphesenti angu-49 kanti i-1B ingamaphesenti angu-45.
- Isigaba sesi-2 Esincane-Esincane Esincane - Isilinganiso sokusinda ngesigaba 2A Umdlavuza wamaphaphu ngamaphesenti angu-30 nangesigaba 2B somdlavuza wamaphaphu, amaphesenti angu-30.
- Isiteji 3A Umakhalekhukhwini Ongelona Omncane - Isilinganiso sokusinda esiteji sesi-3A somdlavuza wamaphaphu singamaphesenti angu-14, kodwa lokhu kuhlukahluka kakhulu phakathi kwamanqamu ahlukene ahlukaniswa njengesigaba 3A.
- Isigaba sesi-3B Esincane-Esincane -Isilinganiso sokusinda seminyaka emihlanu nesigaba 3B somdlavuza wamaphaphu kuphela amaphesenti angu-5 kuphela. Isikhathi sokuphila esiphakathi nesikhathi sokwelashwa yisizinyanga ezingu-13.
- Isiteji sesi-4 (i-Metastatic) Isiliva Esincane-Esincane seminyaka engu-5 yokusinda ngesifo somdlavuza wesifo se-4 sesisindo samaphesenti angu-2 kuya ku-2%. Isikhathi sokusinda esiphezulu sangezinyanga ezingu-8.
- I-Cancer Small Lung Cancer - Isilinganiso seminyaka emihlanu yokusinda emibili yesigaba somdlavuza omncane wamangqamuzana wamaphaphu (isigaba esilinganiselwe kanye nesigaba esiphezulu) singamaphesenti angu-6 kuphela. Ngaphandle kokwelashwa, isikhathi sokuphila esiphezulu sesifo esikhulu siyizinyanga ezimbili kuya kwezingu-4, kanti ukwelashwa izinyanga ezingu-6 kuya kwezingu-12.
Izwi elivela
Ngeke kugcizelelwe ngokwanele ukuthi inani lokusinda liyizibalo-hhayi abantu-nezibalo zibikezela ukuthi umuntu kungenzeka wenzeni nomdlavuza wamaphaphu esikhathini esidlule. Ngezokwelapha ezintsha, lezi zinombolo ziyashintsha. Naphezu kwesimo esesabekayo sesifo sesigaba sesine, ngiyazi abantu abaningana ababesinde isikhathi eside somdlavuza wamaphaphu.
Abanye balaba basinda esikhathini eside, kodwa baphila kuphela ngoba baphenye futhi bafunda konke abakwaziyo ngomdlavuza wabo (noma abangane kanye nabathandekayo baye babasiza) futhi bazikhuthazela ukuthi banakekele kangcono umdlavuza . Akukho-oncologist ophilayo owazi zonke izici zomdlavuza noma zonke izivivinyo zomtholampilo ezitholakalayo. Ezinye zalezi zivivinyo zomtholampilo akuzona nje ukucwaninga okuqhubekayo kodwa zisiza abantu bahlale bephila nomdlavuza wamaphaphu. Kukhona ithemba eliningi.
> Imithombo:
> I-American Cancer Society. Amanothi Nezibalo Ze-Cancer 2017. https://www.cancer.org/research/cancer-facts-statistics/all-cancer-facts-figures/cancer-facts-figures-2017.html.
> National Cancer Institute. Ukunakekelwa Kwemdlavuza Yamangqamuzana Angewona Amancane (PDQ) - I-Health Professional Version. https://www.cancer.gov/types/lung/hp/non-small-cell-lung-treatment-pdq#section/all.
> Parsons, A. et al. Umthelela Wokuqeda Ukubhema Emva kokuthola Ukuhlolwa Kwegciwane Lokuqala Lomgogodla Nge-Prognosis: Ukubuyekezwa Okuhlelekile Kwezingqinamba Zokuqapha Nge-Meta-Analysis. I-British Medical Journal BMJ2010: 340: b5569. Ishicilelwe ku-intanethi 21 Januwari 2010.