I-Hepatitis B ingenye yezinhlobo ezinhlanu eziyaziwayo ze-hepatitis ezingathinta abantu. Zonke izifo ze- hepatitis zithinta isibindi, kodwa zinezinhlobo ezahlukene zokudlulisela futhi zenza amazinga ahlukene okulimala.
Izifo ze-Hepatitis B
Cishe abantu abangu-70% abathintekile nge-hepatitis B bazokhombisa ezinye izimpawu zegciwane. Izifo ze-Hepatitis B zivame ukubonakala zingakapheli izinyanga ezintathu zokutheleleka, futhi zingabandakanya ezinye noma zonke ezilandelayo: i-jaundice (ukuphuzila kwesikhumba / abamhlophe emehlweni), ukukhathala, ubuhlungu besisu, ukulahlekelwa isifiso sokudla, isicanucanu, ukuhlanza, ubuhlungu obuhlangene, i-grade fiver ephansi, nezimpawu ezifana nezifo.
Ngokuvamile, izingane zingenakuthola ukuzwa izimpawu kunabantu abadala.
Ukuqina okukhulu kwesifo se-hepatitis B (HBV) kuhlobene eduze nobudala. Ngenhlanhla, abantu abadala abangu-94% nabantwana abadala abaphethwe yi-HBV bazosusa igciwane ezinyangeni ezine ngemuva kokubona kuqala izimpawu. Abanye bahlala benesandulela ngculaza. Ukutheleleka okungapheli nge-HBV, okuvame kakhulu ezinsaneni nasezinswaneni ezithathelwana negciwane kunabantu abadala, kungaholela ku-cirrhosis, ukwehluleka kwesibindi, noma ukufa. Amaphesenti angamashumi ayisishiyagalolunye wezinsana ezithintekile nge-hepatitis B ngesikhathi sokubeletha zizogciwane lesandulela ngculaza, njengoba kuzoba cishe izingane ezingamaphesenti angu-30 ezithintekayo phakathi kweminyaka emihlanu kuya kwemihlanu.
Ukudluliselwa kwe-Hepatitis B
I-Hepatitis B ingadluliselwa ngokocansi, ngokusebenzisa ukujova ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa, ngesikhathi sokubeletha usana, nangezinye izinhlobo zokuchayeka kwegazi (amazinyo, ama-razor, njll).
Ukuze unciphise ingozi yokudluliswa ngokocansi, kubalulekile ukusebenzisa amakhondomu njalo uma ulala. Ukugwema ukwabelana ngezinto ezibonakala zingcolisiwe ngegazi, njengezinambuzane zamazinyo noma ama-razor blades, kubalulekile futhi. I-HBV ingahlala isandulela ngaphandle komzimba kuze kube yizinsuku eziyisikhombisa, ngakho-ke kubalulekile njalo ukugqoka amagilavu lapho uhlanza igazi - noma ngabe selomile.
Isixazululo se-1:10 se-bleach namanzi singasetshenziswa ukubulala igciwane ezindaweni eziningi.
Ngenxa yobunzima bokutheleleka kwe-hepatitis B ezinganeni, kubaluleke kakhulu kubesifazane abakhulelwe ukuba bahlolwe igciwane. Nakuba kungekho ukwelashwa kwesifo sofuzo B, kukhona izindlela zokwelapha nezindlela zokwehlisa amathuba okudluliselwa ezinganeni ngesikhathi sokubeletha.
Ukuhlolwa kwesifo sofuba nesifo sofuzo
I-Hepatitis B ingatholakala ukuthi isebenzisa ukuhlolwa kwegazi okulula. Ngokwesilinganiso, abantu abaningi abanesifo esisha, esiphundu, ukutheleleka bazohlola ukuthi banegciwane emasontweni amane, nakuba kungathatha abanye abantu kuze kube izinyanga ezimbili ngaphambi kokuba ukutheleleka kwabo kutholakale.
Ayikho ukwelashwa kokutheleleka okunamandla nge-hepatitis B. Abantu abaningi, abangaphezu kweminyaka emihlanu, abanesifo sengculaza bazosula ukutheleleka ngokwabo kungakapheli amasonto angu-15 okuqala ukuba nezimpawu. Ukutheleleka okungapheli nge-hepatitis B kuyaphiliswa, kodwa hhayi okuphulukisiwe, futhi abantu abathintekayo nge-HBV kufanele bagweme utshwala ngoba kungenza impilo yabo isibindi ibe nzima nakakhulu. Ngisho nangokwelashwa, phakathi kuka-15% no-25% wabantu abahlala benesifo sofuba nesifo sofuba B ekugcineni bazofa ngesifo esingenasifo sesibindi.
Ukuvimbela
I-Hepatitis B ingase ibe yodwa kuphela isifo esithathelwanayo ngokobulili. Umuthi wokugoma utholakale ovikela igciwane kusukela ngo-1982. Odokotela abaningi batusa ukugoma okuqhubekayo kubantwana kanye nentsha, kanti abantu abadala abazange bagonywe ngesikhathi besencane nabo bangabakhona abafanelekile kulo mgomo. Umgomo wokuvikela i-HBV uvikela abantu okungenani iminyaka engama-23 futhi ingenye yemithi evikelekile emakethe (nakuba kungadingeki kunikezwe kubantu abayekezela emvubelo). Kubantu abangenawo umshuwalense wezempilo, noma lowo umgomo ongahlosiwe, iminye iminyango yezempilo yenza umgomo utholakale mahhala noma ngezindleko eziphansi kakhulu.
Uma ufanelwe noma yikuphi okulandelayo, kufanele ucabange ngokugoma:
- Abantu abanezihlobo eziningi zocansi
- Abantu abane-diagnosis yangaphambi kwe-STD
- Amadoda alala nobulili namadoda
- Abantu abanomlingani wezocansi ne-hepatitis
- Abantu abasebenzisa izidakamizwa zokujola, noma abalingani abasebenzisayo
- Abantu abelana ngendlu nomunye umuntu osuleleke nge-hepatitis
- Abasebenzi bokunakekelwa kwezempilo
- Iziguli ze-Dialysis
Imithombo
I-CDC Viral Hepatitis / I-Hepatitis B Fact Sheet
I-CDC Viral Hepatitis / I-Hepatitis B FAQ Page