Amathuluzi aphezulu aphezulu, njengamapulangwe okupenda, asetshenziselwa inombolo enkulu yezimboni kanye namaphrojekthi okuthuthukisa ikhaya. Amanye alawa mathuluzi aphezulu aphethe amathiphu afake upende, amafutha, noma amakhemikhali avela ithuluzi elifana nesibhamu. Ngenkathi esebenza kahle futhi esebenzayo, la mathuluzi angabangela ukulimala okukhulu, futhi ngokuvamile lokhu kulimala akubonakali kunzima njengoba kunjalo ngempela.
Ukulimala Kokucindezeleka Okuphezulu
Iningi lalezi zilimala zivela ekusetshenzisweni kwamathuluzi ngabasebenzi noma ukuthuthukiswa ekhaya, futhi kuvame ukuvela ngesikhathi sokuhlanza noma ukuhlanza isicucu esivela emgqonyeni. Ngokuvamile, ukulimala akubuki kakhulu, nje ukulimala okuncane. Cishe konke kutholakala esandleni, futhi ngokuvamile kuphezu komunwe.
Ukucindezeleka kwalezi zinxephezelo zomjovo kungaba ngu-10 000 PSI, kanti umkhuhlane ophuma esiqongweni sesibhamu uvame ukuhamba ku-400 MPH. Lokhu kubangela ukuthi amakhemikhali ahlanzekile, avame ukukhipha amandla, axoshwe ngokuqinile esandleni nasomunwe, Ukulimala esicinini somunwe kungaphoqa ukupenda, ukugcoba, noma amanye amakhemikhali, kuze kube sekungeneni yesandla.
Umphumela wamakhemikhali ajojowe ngamandla udala izinkinga eziningana. Ngaphezu kokulimala kokuqala, kukhona ukulimala okwenziwe ngamakhemikhali okwalandela, okuvame ukulandelwa ukutheleleka. Ngakho-ke, ukulimala ngokuvamile kukhohlisa kokubili iziguli nodokotela abangajwayelekile ngobukhulu bale nkinga.
Okokuqala, ukulimala kubonakala njengento elula yokubamba umuthi, kodwa ngaphandle kokwelashwa okunonya, kungabangela isidingo sokuqokwa .
Amakhemikhali amaningi ahlukene angatholakala ngezibhamu ezinomshini ophezulu wokugaya, enokupenda, amafutha, imishanguzo ye-hydraulic kanye nopende.
Umhlobo wezinto ezijojowe zizonquma izinga lokulimala kwamakhemikhali. Isibonelo, ukulimala kwe-injection injection kumunwe kudinga ukuxoshwa ngaphezu kwengxenye yazo zonke izigameko ezibikiwe, kanti ukulimala kwesikhumba se-latex-based based injection kumphumela womunwe ku-amputation ngaphansi kuka-10% wesikhathi.
Ukwelashwa Kwengozi Yokulimala
Ukulimala kakhulu kwamagciwane okulimala kubonakala kunzima ukuqaphela futhi kuvame ukuhlolwa yiziguli kanye nodokotela. Emva kokulimala kokuqala, ukulimala okuncane okubonakalayo kubonakala, kepha kungase kube nobuhlungu obuncane noma abukho, futhi iziguli eziningi zinokuhamba kahle kwezandla neminwe. Kodwa-ke, njengoba isikhathi sidlula, nokuvutha nokucasuka kwamakhemikhali kwanda, izimpawu ziba nzima kakhulu. Ukwelashwa okuphuthumayo kuhle, kepha kuvame ukulibaziseka ekwenzeni ukuxilongwa. Isikhathi esiphezulu esidlulayo phakathi kokulimala nokuxilongwa amahora angu-9, kanti abanye bathatha isikhathi eside ukuze bafinyelele esibhedlela esifanele.
Uma ngabe kutholakala ukuthi ukulimala okunamandla okucindezela kakhulu kutholakala, isinyathelo esilandelayo sivame ukuqhubeka nokuhlinzwa ukuhlanza amakhemikhali esandleni noma ngomunwe. Kwezinye izimo ezingavamile, isibonelo, ukulimala kwamanzi noma ukulimala kwebhamu, ukuhlinzwa kungagwenywa ngaphandle kokuba umunwe ubheke ukuthi ube nomonakalo onomthelela osongela igazi kuma-tissue (isimo esibizwa ngokuthi i- compartment syndrome ).
Uma ukuhlinzeka kwenziwa, kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi kude kangakanani nendawo yokuqothula amakhemikhali angahamba uma ejowe ngaphansi kwengcindezi ephezulu. Yonke indawo yokungcola ivuliwe ngokuhlinzwa futhi ihlanzwa. Ngokuvamile kuvame ukushiya ukuvuleka ukuvumela ukuphathwa kwesilonda.
Ngokuya ngesilinganiso sokungcola, imithi ingasetshenziselwa ukusiza ukunciphisa amathuba okuba nezinkinga. I-Steroids , imishanguzo enamandla yokulwa nokuvuvukala, ingase isetshenziselwe ukusiza ukunciphisa ukuvuvukala. Ama-antibiotic avame ukuphathwa ukusiza ukuvimbela ukutheleleka.
Isibikezelo Ngemva kokulimala
Njengoba kubonisiwe, kunezici eziningi ezithonya ubukhulu bokulimala, okubaluleke kakhulu kubonakala sengathi yizinto ezifakwe emzimbeni.
Ukwelapha okusheshayo nokuxilongwa okunezinkathazo zokuhlukunyezwa nakho kubhekwa ukuthi kubalulekile. Naphezu kwalokhu ukwelashwa, ithuba lokudinga ukuthunjwa liyamanje. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinkinga ezibandakanya ukuqina nokuhlunguphazela okuvamile zivamile.
Imithombo:
I-Wei DH ne-Rosenwasser MP "Ukulimala okuphezulu kwe-Injection Injection esandleni" J Am Acad Orthop Surg ngoJanuwari 2014; 22: 38-45. A