Kukhona izinkulungwane zezinto ezongezwe ekudleni okuhlukahlukene ngenhloso yokubala, ukunambitheka, nokulondoloza. Izithasiselo ngokuvamile ziyingxenye encane kakhulu yokudla kodwa inamba encane yabo ibhekwa ukuthi ibangela ukusabela okubi okuhlukahlukene.
Izithasiselo zokudla
Izithasiselo zokudla zifaka amaqembu alandelayo:
- Idayi yokudla nemidwebo (njenge-tartrazine, annatto, ne-carmine)
- Ama-antioxidants (njenge-BHA ne-BHT)
- Emulsifiers and stabilizers (njengezinsini kanye ne-lecithin)
- Ama-Flavouring ne-taste enhancers (njenge-MSG, izinongo, nokunambitheka)
- Ama-preservatives (njenge-benzoates, i-nitrate, nama-sulfites)
Ukuphathwa Kwezokudla Nezidakamizwa (FDA) kugcina uhlu lwazo zonke izithasiselo zokudla okwamanje ezisetshenziswe e-United States.
Isimo Sokubhekana Nezidingo Zokwengezwa Nezokudla
Njengoba kungenzeka ukuthi ukusabela okuningi ezithasweni zokudla akutholakali, izinga eliqondile lokuphendula alingaziwa. Kodwa-ke, kwesifundo esisodwa esisekelwe emphakathini, lesi senzakalo sasingamaphesenti angu-0.23 kuphela.
Ukusabela Okungahle Kuvele Njengomphumela Wezithako Zokudla
Kunezinhlobo eziningi zokusabela okubi okungenzeka ngenxa yengezi zokudla. Ezinye zalezi zindlela zibonisa ukuthi imbangela yokugula , kuyilapho ezinye eziningi zingabonakali njengezifo, kepha kunalokho ukungaboni ngaso sonke isikhathi noma ukuzwela. Imibiko yezenzo zokufaka izithasiselo zokudla ifakiwe okulandelayo:
- Ukuthinta isikhumba:
- I-Urticaria / i-angioedema (ama-hives)
- Aermic dermatitis
- Ukuphunga
- Itching
- Ukuqhuma
- Ukusabela kwamathumbu:
- Ubuhlungu besisu
- Nausea / ukuhlanza
- Uhudo
- Ukusabela ngokuphefumula:
- Izimpawu ze-asthma
- Isikhukhula
- Rhinitis
- Ukusabela kwama-musculoskeletal:
- Ama-muscle aches
- Ama-aches ahlangene
- Ukukhathala
- Ukungabi namandla
- Ukuphendula kwe-neurologic:
- Ukuziphatha nokushintsha kwemizwelo
- Ukukhathazeka-ukulahlekelwa / ukugula okungenayo (ADHD)
- I-Migraine ikhanda
- Ubumbulu
- Ukuphendula kwe-cardiac:
- Amapulpitations
- Arrhythmias
Ukuqaphela Ukudla Kwemithi Yokudla Okungenayo Ukudla Okungeziweko
Ukuxilongwa kokungezwani kokungenwa kwezidakamizwa zokudla kuyasolwa uma uhlangabezana nokubhekana okuhlukahlukene kokudla okulungiselelwe noma uma udla ezindaweni zokudla, kodwa hhayi ekudleni okulungiselelwe ekhaya. Ukudla okungafani nokubonakala okungafani nakho kungase kube nezithako ezivamile, ezifana nemidwebo yokudla noma ama-preservatives.
Uma kutholakala ukuthi ukudla okungeziwe noma ukudla okunezelayo, ukuhlolwa kokunciphisa umzimba (ukusebenzisa ukuhlolwa kwesikhumba noma i-RAST) kungenzeka kube nezinto ezithile zemvelo ezifana ne-annatto, carmine, ne-safari. Ukuvivinya izinto zokwenza izinto akunakwenzeka noma kunokwethenjelwa, ngakho-ke ukuvivinywa kokudla okulondolozwe ngokungavikeleki kungase kusekele ukuxilongwa kokuphendula okungeziwe kokudla.
Ezimweni eziningi, indlela yodwa yokuthola ukuthi isisindo esiphundu ekufakeni izithasiselo zokudla iwukuba inselelo yomlomo nesikhalazo esilungelwe ngaphansi kokuqondiswa okude kwe-allergenist.
Izithasiselo zokudla ezinzima
Lezi yizingxenye eziyisishiyagalolunye zezingxube zokudla eziyinkinga kakhulu ezingabangela ukusabela okubangelwa ukugula noma izinzwa:
1. I-tartrazine
Eyaziwa nangokuthi i-FD & C Yellow no-5, i- tartrazine ibhekwa ukuthi iyimbangela yokuphendula okuningi, kuhlanganise ne-urticaria (ama-hives), isifo se-asthma, nokunye ukugula.
Ucwaningo lwamuva luye lwaphazamisa umqondo wokuthi i-aspirin-i-asthmatics ye-allergen yayibucayi kakhulu kwi-tartrazine. Ezinye iziphakamiso zisho indima ye-tartrazine njengoba ibuhlungu kakhulu kwe-atopic dermatitis. I-FDA ithi ingabangela imifino, kodwa lokhu kuyinto engavamile futhi kwenzeka ngaphansi kwabantu abangama-10 000.
2. I-Carmine
I-Carmine yimibala ebomvu yokudla eyenziwe kusuka ezinambuzane ezomile okuthiwa i- Dactylopius coccus costa engatholakala kwizitshalo ze-cactus eziphambili. Lo mbala utholakala nezimonyo ezihlukahlukene, iziphuzo, i-yogurt ebomvu, ne-popsicles. Ukusabela ku-carmine kufaka i-anaphylaxis ne-asthma yomsebenzi futhi mhlawumbe ngenxa ye-antibodies ye-allergen.
3. Annatto
U-Annatto umbala wokudla ophuzi owenziwe ngembewu yomuthi waseNingizimu Melika, u- Bixia Orellana . Lesi sengezo sitholakale senza ukusabela kokugula, kuhlanganise ne-anaphylaxis ne-urticaria / i-angioedema.
4. Antioxidants
Ama-antioxidants afana ne-BHA (i-hydroxyanisole engasetshenzisiwe) ne-BHT (i-hydroxytoluene engasetshenzisiwe) ayenezelwe ukuvimbela ukuchithwa kwamafutha namafutha. Bobabili i-BHA ne-BHT bacabanga ukuthi babangela i-urticaria ne-angioedema (ama-hive).
5. Emulsifiers and Stabilizers
Ama-Emulsifiers: I- Lecithin iyi-emulsifier eyenziwe ngama-soybean namaqanda futhi ingaqukatha amaprotheni we-soya. Ukusabela ku-lecithin ye-soy ayivamile, ngisho nase-soy-abantu abahlukumezayo, ngoba izinga lalezi zengezo ngokuvamile liphansi kakhulu ekudleni okuningi.
Izinsini: Izinsini ezihlukahlukene zisetshenziselwa izithasiselo zokudla kanye nokusebenza njengama-emulsifiers kanye nezimo eziqinile. Amazinyo amakhulu afaka umuthi, i-tragacanth, i-xanthan, i-carrageenan, isi-acacia (isi-Arabhu), nobhontshisi bezinkumbi. Eziningi zalezi zinsini ziyaziwa ukuthi zibhebhethekisa i-asthma, ikakhulukazi esimweni sokusebenza, uma sisebenza emoyeni. Abanye bayaziwa ngokubangela ukusabela kokugula uma bekhona ekudleni. I-gum yokuvikela ingabangela i-anaphylaxis enamandla.
6. I-Monosodium Glutamate
I-Monosodium glutamate (MSG) i-flavor enhancer yengezwe ekudleni okuhlukahlukene, futhi ikhona ngokwemvelo. Ukusabela ku-MSG kuye kwabizwa ngokuthi "i-Chinese Restaurant Syndrome," futhi izimpawu zihlanganisa ukungena emanzini emhlane, emahlombe nasezingalweni, ebuthakathaka nasezintweni. Ezinye izimpawu zihlanganisa ukucindezeleka komzimba / ukuqina, ukukhanda ikhanda, ukucabangela, ubuhlungu besifuba nokulala. I-MSG nayo isolwa ukuthi ibuhlungu kakhulu izimpawu ze-asthma.
7. Izinongo
Izinongo zingxenyeni ezimnandi zokhula ehlukahlukene, izimbali, izimpande, izinhlanzi nezihlahla. Ngenxa yokuthi zitholakala ezitshalweni, izinongo zinekhono lokubangela ukusabela okweqile, njenge-pollens, izithelo nemifino. Izinongo ezivame ukusetshenziswa zihlanganisa i-chilipele pepper, isilimo esidliwayo esinamagatsha anamanzi, i-caraway, isinamoni, i-coriander, i-garlic, i-mace, i-anyanisi, i-paprika, i-parsley ne-pepper. Ucwaningo oluthile lucacise ukuthi ukuphefumula okwenziwe nge-spice cishe kungabonakali.
8. Aspartame
I-Aspartame iyinambitheka esetshenziselwa ukudla okuningi nokuphuza okungenashukela. Lesi sengezo sokudla sikholelwa ukuthi sibangele izimpawu ezinjengokukhanda ikhanda, ukuthunjwa, kanye ne-urticaria.
9. Sulfites
Ama-sulfite noma ama-sulphate agents ( ngezimo ze-sulfite sodium, i-bisulfite ye-sodium, i-metabisulfite ye-sodium, i-potassium bisulfite, ne-metabisulfite ye-potassium) yizidakamizwa ezivamile ezisetshenziswa ekudleni okuhlukahlukene kanye nemithi. Ama-sulfites angabangela izinkinga ezincane kubantu abaningi abangenayo i- allergies kanye ne- asthma , ngisho nalapho inani elikhulu lidliwa. Ochwepheshe bayavuma ukuthi ama-sulfite angakhuphula izimpawu ze-asthma cishe ngamaphesenti amathathu kuya ku-10 e-asthmatics yabantu abadala, ikakhulukazi kubantu abadala abanezifo ezinzima. Ama-sulfites nawo angabangela i-anaphylaxis kwinani elincane labantu.
Ukwelashwa kokungezwani komzimba ku-Additives Food and Preservatives
Izindlela eziningi ezithinta izithasiselo zokudla, njenge-MSG, zinomusa futhi zixazulula ngaphandle kokwelashwa. Ukusabela okukhulu, okufaka i-urticaria, i-angioedema, i-asthma eqhubekayo, futhi i-anaphylaxis ingadinga ukunakekelwa ngokushesha kwezempilo. Lezi zimpendulo ziphathwa ngendlela efanayo nezinye izifo zokudla. Uma ukusabela kunzima, kungase kudingeke ukuba ulungele ukusabela okunzima , njengokuphatha i-epinephrine engenayo futhi ugqoke isongo sokuxwayisa kwezokwelapha.
Ngaphandle kwalokho, ukwelashwa okuyisisekelo kubantu abanemiphumela emibi ekufakeni izithasiselo zokudla kuwukugwema ukudla okungezelelwe.
> Imithombo:
> Chen JL, Bahna SL. I-spice yokungezwani komzimba. Ama-Annal ofergy, i-Asthma kanye ne-Immunology . September 2011; 107 (3): 191-9. i-doi: 10.1016 / j.anai.2011.06.020.
> Simon RA. Ukuphendukela kwe-allergen no-Asthmatic kuya ezongezweni zokudla. Kusesikhathini. Kubuyekezwe uMeyi 4, 2017.
> Ukuphathwa Kwezokudla Nezidakamizwa zase-US (FDA). Sibutsetelo sokudla Izithako, Izithasiselo & Imibala. I-International Food Information Council (IFIC) kanye ne-US Yokudla Nezidakamizwa Zokulawulwa Kwezidakamizwa. Kubuyekezwe ngomhla ka-2 Disemba, 2014.
> Vally H, iMosso NL. Ukusabela okubi kwizengezo ze-Sulphite. I-gastroenterology ne-Hepatology kusuka embhedeni kuya ebhentshini . 2012; 5 (1): 16-23.