Ama-antihistamine asetshenziselwa imithi yokwelapha i- rhinitis ye-allergen , kanye nezinye izinkinga zezokwelapha ezifana nokulele, ukuhlanzeka nokuhlanza, ukugula okuhambayo kanye nesondlo. Le mithi iphinde isetshenziswe ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, njengoba ama-antihistamine amaningi anesilinganiso sesigaba B sokukhulelwa , kanye nokuthi ama-antihistamine amaningi atholakala ngaphezu kwe-counter (i-OTC) ngaphandle kwemithi.
Ngakho-ke, nakuba ngokuvamile kubhekwa "ephephile" ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, kunezinhlobo eziningana zokuxhumana phakathi kwabesifazane abakhulelwe abathatha ama-antihistamine ngesikhathi se-trimester yokuqala kanye nezinkinga ezihlukahlukene zokuzalwa.
Ubuhlobo obukhona phakathi kwama-antihistamine kanye nezinkinga zokuzalwa
Izinhlangano eziphakathi kwama-antihistamine ezithathwe ngesikhathi sokuqala kokukhulelwa kanye nokunye ukukhubazeka kokuzalwa zihlanganisa:
- I-Diphenhydramine (Benadryl) : I- Cleft lip ne-cleft palate , amaphutha we-neural tube, i- Spina Bifida , izinkinga zokunciphisa izitho , i- gastroschisis .
- Loratadine (Claritin)) : Hypospadias .
- I-Chlorpheniramine (i-Chlor-Trimeton)) : Ukukhubazeka kwamehlo, ukukhubazeka kwezindlebe, i-Spina Bifida, i-cleft lip ne-cleft palate.
- I-Doxylamine (Unisom)) : I-Cleft lip ne-cleft palate, i-stenosis ye-pyloric, i-hypoplastic yesifo senhliziyo esishiye, i-Spina Bifida, ne-neural tube defects.
Njengoba kunikezwe ukuthi cishe abesifazane abangu-15% abakhulelwe babika ukuthatha i-antihistamine phakathi nenyanga yokuqala yokuqala, iqembu labacwaningi baseBoston, eMassachusetts naseSingapore bafuna ukuthola ukuphepha kwama-antihistamines athathwe ngesikhathi sokuqala kokukhulelwa.
Abacwaningi bahlola idatha eqoqwe esikhathini esingaphezu kweminyaka engu-12, kusukela ngo-1998 kuya ku-2010, ezinganeni ezingaphezu kuka-13,000 ezelwe ngamaphutha okuzalwa, futhi zibafanisa nabantwana abangaba ngu-7 000 ngaphandle kokukhubazeka kokuzalwa. Cishe amaphesenti angu-14 azo zonke izingane ayedalwe kuma-antihistamine ahlukahlukene umama athatha ngesikhathi sokuqala kokukhulelwa.
Amanye ama-antihistamine, afana no-Benadryl noClaritin, akhule ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa eminyakeni eminingi, kanti ukusetshenziswa kwamanye ama-antihistamine, afana ne-Chlor-Trimeton ne-Unisom anciphile.
Ingabe ama-Anti-antiistamine abhekwa ephephile ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa?
Idatha evela kulolu cwaningo ikhuthaza kakhulu ukuthi ama-antihistamine ngokuvamile abhekwa njengophephile ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Izinhlangano zangaphambilini eziphakathi kokusetshenziswa kwe-antihistamine ngesikhathi sokuqala kwe-trimester nokukhubazeka kokuzalwa akuqinisekisiwe kulolu cwaningo. Kodwa-ke, ngomzamo wokuhlola ingozi yokuthuthukisa ezinye izisulu zokuzalwa ezivamile, abacwaningi bathola ukuhlangana phakathi kokusetshenziswa kwe-Chlor-Trimeton nanoma iyiphi i-neural tube defect kanye nezinkinga ezinhlobonhlobo zenhliziyo. Kwakukhona futhi ubudlelwane phakathi kokusetshenziswa kweBenadryl kanye nohlobo olulodwa lwezinkinga zenhliziyo ezingavamile ( ukuguqulwa kwamathambo amakhulu ). Kodwa-ke, abalobi baqaphele ukukhomba ukuthi lezi zizathu kuphela ezidinga ukutadisha okuqhubekayo.
Ngakho-ke, nakuba kungekho into efana nemithi ephephile ngokuphelele ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, ukuhlangana okudlulele phakathi kokusetshenziswa kwe-antihistamine ngesikhathi sokuqala kwezinyanga ezintathu nokukhubazeka kokuzalwa akuqinisekisiwe esifundweni esikhulu samanje. Nakuba ama-antihistamine amaningi ayatholakala ngaphandle kwe-OTC ngaphandle kwemithi kadokotela, abesifazane abakhulelwe kufanele bafune iseluleko sodokotela ngaphambi kokuthatha noma yimiphi imithi, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokuqala kokukhulelwa.
Noma imuphi imithi ethathwe ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa ingcono kakhulu ukuthathwa isikhathi esincane kakhulu, futhi kumthamo ophansi kakhulu osebenzayo wokuphatha izimpawu. Inzuzo yokuthatha noma yimiphi imithi idinga ukulinganisa ingozi yokungathathi imithi.
> Imithombo:
> Li Q et al. Ukuhlola kwe-Antihistamine Ukusetshenziswa Ekukhulelweni Kwangaphambi Kokuqala kanye Nezifo Zokuzalwa. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2013; 1: 666-74.
> Honein MA, et al. Ukuphepha noma Ingozi Ye-Antihistamine Ukusetshenziswa Ekukhulelweni: Idatha yokuqinisekisa iyasiza futhi ayikwaneli. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2013; 1: 675-6.