I-Glossary of Terms for the Patient Informed
Uma umuntu enesifo sokuphuka , esinye sezizinto zokuqala umuntu azofuna ukwazi ukuthi kubi kangakanani. Ukuze unqume ukuqina nobuhlungu / isikhathi sokuphumula, odokotela bazokwenza i-X ray. Kwezinye izimo, bangase basebenzise amanye amasu okucabanga, njenge- scan computing tomography (CT) noma i-magnetic imaging resonance (MRI ), ikakhulukazi ukuphulwa kwe-pathologic . Lolu uhlobo lokuphumula alubangelwa ukuhlukunyezwa kodwa ngenxa yesimo sezokwelapha esenza buthaka ithambo.
Njengesiguli, unelungelo lokusebenzisa ukuqonda ngokubili kokubili okukhethwa kukho kanye nokwelapha. Ukwenza kanjalo, uzobe ukhonza kahle ukuqonda igama elisetshenziselwa ukuchaza ukwehlukana.
Ichaza indawo yokuhlukana
Indawo yokuqhaqhazelayo yesikhukhula ingaphezu nje kokuthi ikhefu liphi; ichaza isimo sesakhiwo sekhefu. Kuze kube sekugcineni, odokotela bazosebenzisa amagama alandelayo achazayo:
- I-Diaphyseal: i-shaft (ephakathi) yethambo
- I-Metaphyseal: itholakala ekupheleni kwesinye yethambo kodwa hhayi ekuhlanganyeleni
- I-Peri-articular: etholakala endaweni ehlangene ekupheleni kwethambo
- I-intra-articular: i-fracture efaka phakathi kokujoyina nge-cartilage
- Ukuhamba phambili: kufakwe eduze nomaphakathi womzimba ekugcineni kwethambo
- I-Distal: itholakale ngaphezulu kusukela emkhatsini womzimba ekugcineni kwethambo
Ama-fractures afaka hlangana nombuthano ohlangeneko avame ukuphathwa ngonya ngoba ukungafezeki kokulungiswa kungaholela ekutheni i- arthritis ijubane ngokuhlanganyela.
Ichaza ukulungiswa kwe-Fracture
Ukungalungi kwephutha kusitshela ukuthi kude kangakanani isimo amathambo ashintshile. Odokotela bazochaza lokhu emigameni elandelayo:
- Abangenayo i-displaced: lapho ithambo liphukile kepha lihambisana ngokuphelele
- Abancane abahlala endaweni: lapho kukhona ukushintsha kancane endaweni, ngokuvamile akuyona into ephawulekayo
- Ukulahlwa: lapho ithambo liye lashintsha ngokuphawulekayo, izinga layo lichazwe ngamaphesenti
- Ukucindezeleka: ukuphulwa kwe-intra-articular (okuhlangene) okuye kwashiywa ngaphandle kokuhambelana namathambo
- I-Angulated: i-angle lapho amathambo ahlehlisiwe khona, aphinde achazwe ngamadigri
- Ukunciphisa: umphumela ubangela lapho imisipha ejikelezayo idonsa ithambo liphela ndawonye ngokuqinile, ngokunciphisa ngokoqobo ithambo
Ukubona Ukuhlukana Okukhulu
Kukhona odokotela abathile abazosebenzisa ukuchaza ukuhlukunyezwa okubangelwa ukuhlukunyezwa okukhulu okufana nengozi yemoto noma ukuwa okukhulu. Zihlanganisa:
- Ukuqedwa: ikhefu noma i-splinter yethanga zibe izingcezu ezingaphezu kwezingubili (okubizwa nge-colloquially ngokuthi "ithambo" eliphukile)
- Uhlukanisiwe: ikhefu lesifuba lapho izingcezu eziningana ezinkulu zihluke khona emzimbeni omkhulu wethambo
Ukuqhathanisa ama-Fractures e-Pathological
I-fracture ye-pathologic ibangelwa uma ithambo linciphisa ngenxa yesifo esingabaxosha amathambo noma siphazamise umzimba ojwayelekile (ukulungiswa kabusha) kwethambo. Odokotela bavame ukuchaza lokhu okungavamile kanje:
- I-Osteopenia: isimo lapho umzimba ungenzi amathambo amasha ngokushesha njengoba ubuyisa kabusha ithambo elidala, ngokuvamile liwumphumela wezifo eziqhubekayo njenge- osteoporosis
- I-Cystic: ebonakala ngokubunjwa kwama-cyst njengoba kungenzeka ngomdlavuza wethambo kanye nezifo ezithile ezingezona umdlavuza
- I-Lesion: okungavamile okungaqinisekisiwe okungahle kubangelwe ukulimala kwamathambo noma nje ukulimala kwesikhumba esidlule
Ukuqapha Ukulungisa I-Bone
Amathambo aphukile ngokuvamile abonisa izimpawu zokuphulukisa phakathi kwamasonto ambalwa okulimala. Odokotela bayoluchaza lokhu ngemigomo ehlola ukuthuthukiswa kokulungisa. Lezi zihlanganisa amagama afana nalokhu:
- Ukuqhekeka okungahambi kahle: ukukhula okusha kwethambo phakathi kwekhefu kubhekwa njengesibonakaliso esihle sokuthi izingcezu zethambo zihlangana
- Ukuhlanganiswa: elinye igama elisetshenziselwa ukuchaza inqubo ejwayelekile yokuthutha amathambo ngenxa yokulungisa kabusha
- Ukunciphisa-inyunyana ekungabambiswanga : uma amathambo aphukile aphuluki ngendlela efanele ngenxa yokusabalalisa okuncane, ukutheleleka, ukuqiniswa okunganele, noma ezinye izimbangela
> Umthombo:
> Marsh, J. "Ukuhlukaniswa kwe-OTA Yokuhlukana." Umbhalo we-Traped Orthopedic. 2009; 23 (8): 551. I-DOI: 10.1097 / BOT.0b013e3181ad5e92.