Lapho Abacwaningi Bakhuluma Ngokuthi "Inhloso Yokuphatha"
Uma lisetshenziselwa ukuhlola ucwaningo lwezokwelapha, inkulumo ehlose ukwelapha ibhekisela kuhlobo lokuklanywa kwesifundo. Kulolu hlobo lokutadisha, ososayensi bahlaziya imiphumela yocwaningo lwabo ngokusekelwe kulokho iziguli zatshelwa ukuthi zenze. Ngamanye amazwi, odokotela babheka imiphumela yesiguli ngokusekelwe endleleni okufanele baphathwe ngayo, kunokuba kwenzeke ngempela.
Isibonelo, uma umuntu ocwaningweni engakahleleki ekwelapheni kodwa ephela ekutholeni ukuhlinzwa-noma akukho ukwelashwa nakanjani-imiphumela yabo isabhekwa njengengxenye yeqembu lezokwelapha. Ezweni elihle, empeleni, ukuhloswa kokuphatha nokwelapha kwangempela kungaba okufanayo. Ezweni langempela, lihluka kakhulu, kuye ngokuthi uhlobo luni lokufundwayo.
Okwenza Lawa Amamodeli Asetshenziswa
Inhloso yokuphatha amamodeli asetshenziswa ngezizathu eziningana. Okukhulu kunalokho, ngokubheka ngokuqondile, bavele banengqondo. Ososayensi bafuna ukwazi ukuthi izidakamizwa noma ukwelashwa kuzosebenza kanjani ezweni langempela. Ezweni langempela, akuwona wonke umuntu osebenzisa izidakamizwa njengoba kunqunywe . Akuwona wonke umuntu ophetha ngokuthola ukuhlinzwa okunconywayo. Ngokusebenzisa inhloso yokuphatha imodeli, ososayensi bangakwazi ukuhlaziya indlela ukwelashwa okusebenza ngayo esimweni esicacile kakhulu. Inhloso yokwelapha ivuma ngokucacile iqiniso lokuthi indlela izidakamizwa ezisebenza ngayo ebhokisini ingase ibe ncane kakhulu ekusebenzeni ngayo ensimini.
Eqinisweni, esinye sezizathu ezenza izidakamizwa ezithembisayo zivame ukudumazeka uma zikhululwa ukuthi abantu abazithathi ngendlela abazenza ngayo kulezi zifundo. (Kubuye kube nokunye umehluko phakathi kweziguli zangempela-emhlabeni kanye neziguli zocwaningo.)
Ukuqeda
Akubona bonke abantu abathanda ukuphatha izilingo.
Esinye sezizathu ukuthi bangakuhlonipha ukuphumelela komuthi. Isibonelo, ukuhlolwa kokuqala koku-pre-exposure prophylaxis ye- HIV kumadoda angama-gay kubonisa ukuthi ukwelashwa kwakubonakala kusebenza kahle ... kodwa kuphela kubantu abayithatha njalo. Imiphumela jikelele ekhonjiswe ngenhloso yokuphatha amamodeli kwakungakhuthaza kakhulu. Abanye abantu bathi isidakamizwa asisebenzi uma iziguli zingayithathi. Abanye bathi awukwazi ukwahlulela imithi uma iziguli zingayithathi njengoba kunqunyiwe. Zombili izinhlangothi zinephuzu. Ayikho impendulo ephelele. Yikuphi ukuhlaziywa okwenza umqondo omkhulu wokuwasebenzisa kuncike ekutheni umbuzo.
Ngezinye izikhathi ososayensi abaqala ukuhlela isifundo sokuhlaziywa okuhlosiwe kuzophela ekuhlaziyeni ukwelashwa kokubili ngaleyo ndlela kanye ne-protocol. (Ukuhlaziywa kwe-protocol, baqhathanisa nabantu abatholile ukwelashwa njengoba kuboniswe kulabo abangazange bakwenze, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi bahlelwe kanjani.) Lokhu kuvame ukukwenziwa lapho inhloso yokuphatha ukuhlaziywa kubonisa ukuthi akukho mphumela noma awukho umphumela ophawulekayo, kodwa umphumela othile kubonakala kubantu abathatha ngempela ukwelashwa. Kodwa-ke, lolu hlobo lokuhlaziywa okukhethiwe, oluhlelwe ngemuva luyakhanyiswa yizibalo. Kunganikeza imiphumela edukisayo ngezizathu eziningana.
Esinye isizathu esinjalo ukuthi labo abathola ukwelashwa bangase bahluke kunelabo abangazange bakwenze.
Uma inhloso yokuphatha isifundo ingethembisi kangcono kunaphambilini, izifundo ezibhekwe ngokucophelela, ososayensi bazovame ukubuza ukuthi kungani. Lokhu kungase kube umzamo wokunakekela lokho okwakucatshangwa ukuthi kuyindlela yokwelapha ethembisayo. Uma kuvela, isibonelo, ukuthi abantu babengathathi imithi ngoba bayathandayo okubi, leyo nkinga ingase ilungiselelwe kalula. Kodwa-ke, ngezinye izikhathi kubangelwa ukuhlolwa okuncane nje akukwazi ukuphinda kuhlolwe ekutadisheni okukhulu, kanti odokotela abakaze baqiniseke ngokuphelele ngesizathu.
Iqiniso liwukuthi umehluko obonakala phakathi kokuhlolwa kokusebenza kokuqala kanye nenhloso yokwelapha izifundo, yilokho okuhlosile ukuphatha amamodeli kubalulekile.
Lolu hlobo lokutadisha lufuna ukuvala igebe lokuqonda phakathi kokuthi izidakamizwa zisebenza kanjani kwizifundo zocwaningo nokuthi zisebenza kanjani ezweni langempela. Leli gap kungaba elikhulu.
> Imithombo:
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