Isifo sikashukela siyisifo esifanayo nesifo sikashukela
Isifo sikashukela, noma njengesifo sikashukela esivame ukujwayela, isifo esibonakala ngokweqile kweglucose yegazi, noma ushukela wegazi, owakhiwa egazini lapho umzimba wakho ungakwazi ukulungisa ngokwanele ushukela ekudleni. Ushukela ophezulu wegazi luyisimo esingavamile emzimbeni futhi udala izimpawu ezithile kanye nezinkinga zempilo zesikhathi eside uma ishukela legazi lingaphathwa kahle.
Igama elithi "mellitus," njengokushukela kwesifo sikashukela, lisho ukuthi "uju-amnandi." Isifo sikashukela sabonakala kuqala njengesifo esihambisana "nomchamo omuhle," ngoba uma i-glucose yegazi iphakanyisiwe, okuthiwa i- hyperglycemia , ichitheza i-glucose kumchamo, okuyinto okwenza kube ukunambitheka okumnandi.
Isifo sikashukela silotshwe kuwo wonke umlando, kusukela ezikhathini zaseGibhithe. Yanikwa igama elithi isifo sikashukela ngudokotela waseGreki wasendulo u-Aratus waseKapadokiya. Nokho, isikhathi esigcwele asizange sakhiwe kuze kube ngu-1675 eBrithani ngoThomas Willis, owathola ukuthi igazi kanye nomchamo wabantu abanesifo sikashukela babe mnandi. Lesi simo sasike satholwa amaNdiya asendulo.
Isifo sikashukela sikwazi ukuhlukana nesifo sikashukela esingajwayelekile.
Izinhlobo zesifo sikashukela
Kunezinhlobo ezintathu zesifo sikashukela:
- Uhlobo lwe-1 lwesifo sikashukela luba khona lapho ama- pancreas eyeka noma eyeka ukukhiqiza i-hormone insulin. I-insulin iyadingeka ukuze i-blood glucose isetshenziselwe amandla ngomzimba. Abantu abane-type 1 yesifo sikashukela kumele bathathe ama- insulin nsuku zonke. Uhlobo lwesifo sikashukela so-1 lubuye lwabizwa ngokuthi yisifo sikashukela esinesifo se-diabetes nesifo sikashukela esasencane.
- Uhlobo lwe-2 lwesifo sikashukela luba khona lapho umzimba ungakwazi ukusebenzisa kahle i-insulin i-pancreas. Lokhu kuvame ukubizwa ngokuthi ukumelana ne- insulin . Ukukhuluphala kuyisisusa esikhulu sokumelana ne-insulin kokubili abadala nabantwana. Uhlobo lwesifo sikashukela sesi-2 luye lwabizwa nangokuthi isifo sikashukela esingaxhomeki insulin nesifo sikashukela esandulela abantu abadala.
- Isifo sikashukela sokugaya senziwa kubafazi abaneshukela ephezulu ngesikhathi besakhulelwe kepha abangazange bathole ukuthi bane-diabetes ngaphambili. Emva kokubeletha kwengane, abesifazane abaningi babona ukuthi ushukela wegazi labo libuyela emuva evamile. Abanye besifazane bazoqhubeka nokuthuthukisa uhlobo lwesifo sikashukela sohlobo lwe-2.
Isifo sikashukela Insipidus
I-diabetes insipidus ibonakala ngokuvuthwa ngokweqile nokoma, kanye nomuzwa ovamile wobuthakathaka. Nakuba lezi zingase zibe nezimpawu zesifo sikashukela, uma unesifo sikashukela insipidus amazinga ashukela egazini azoba evamile futhi akukho ushukela okhona emcinini wakho. Isifo sikashukela i-insipidus yinkinga yokulinganisela oketshezi okubangelwa inkinga nezinso, lapho bengenakuyeka ukuphuma kwamanzi. I-Polyuria (umchamo ogqamile) ne-polydipsia (ukoma ngokweqile) kwenzeka ngesifo sikashukela njengendlela yokusabela ku-ushukela ephezulu wegazi.
I-diabetes insipidus ithathwa njengokungavamile kakhulu kumacala angaphansi kuka-20,000 atholakele ngonyaka. Isifo sikashukela sinokujwayelekile, kanti uhlobo lwesifo sikashukela luyinto evamile kakhulu kunehlobo 1. Kunezimo ezingaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-3 zohlobo lwe-2 lwesifo sikashukela. Ngokungafani nesifo sikashukela, i-diabetes insipidus ayiphathwa ngokulawula amazinga e-insulin. Kuye ngezibonakaliso zakho, udokotela wakho angase anikeze ukudla okunomsoco ophansi, ukwelashwa kwe-hormone, noma ukwandisa amanzi akho.