Ukuzizwa Kuvame Ukubonwa Kubantwana Noma Abantu Abadala Emashumini Abo
Isifo sokuphuza, esinezimbangela eziningi, sinokuxhumana okujulile ne- Down syndrome (DS) . Isimo, lapho ukuphakama kwamandla kagesi kungabangela ukuhlukunyezwa kwengqondo, kukholakala ukuthi kuthinta noma yikuphi amaphesenti angu-5 ukuya kwangu-10 ezingane ezine-DS.
Ngenkathi singakayiqondi ngokugcwele umugqa, sivame ukukubona noma izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka emibili ubudala noma kubantu abadala noma ezungeze ama-30s.
Izinhlobo zokwehlukana zingashintsha "ezincane ze-spasms spasms" ezihlala nje imizuzwana embalwa ukuya ekubanjeni okunzima kakhulu kwe-tonic-clonic.
Ukuqonda I-Down Syndrome
I-Down syndrome, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-trisomy 21, iyinto engavamile yofuzo ebonakala ngokutholakala kwe-chromosome eyengeziwe 21. Ngokuvamile, umuntu unama-chromosomes angu-46 (noma ama-pair amabili). Abantu abane-DS bane-47.
Izingane ezine-DS zibhekene nokungajwayelekile, kufaka phakathi izici zobuso, izinhliziyo zenhliziyo nezinkinga zamathunjini, kanye nengozi yokwelapha i-leukemia . Iningi lalabo abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-50 lizobhekana nokunciphisa ukusebenza kwengqondo okuhambisana nesifo se-Alzheimer's .
Ngaphezu kwalokho, abantu abane-DS banengozi enkulu yokuthola ukuhlukunyezwa uma kuqhathaniswa nomphakathi jikelele. Kungenzeka ukuthi, ngenxa yalokho, kungabikho okwehlukile ekusebenzeni kobuchopho noma ezimweni ezinjenge- dysrhythmia yenhliziyo , engabangela ukuthunjwa.
I-Link Between Epilepsy and Down Syndrome
Ukufa kwesifo kuyisici esivamile se-Down syndrome, esenzeka noma sisebancane kakhulu noma cishe eminyakeni eyishumi yokuphila. Izinhlobo zokuthunjwa nazo zivame ukuhluka ngokweminyaka. Ngokwesibonelo:
- Izingane ezincane ezinesidingo se-DS ziyakwazi ukungena ezincane (okungahle kube khona okwesikhashana futhi ezinobungozi ) noma ukutholakala kwe-tonic-clonic (okuholela ekutheni ungazi lutho kanye nemigudu ye- myoclonic engavumelani).
- Abantu abadala abane-DS, ngokuphambene nalokho, banamathele kakhulu ekuthinjeni kwe-tonic-clonic, ukutholakala okulula okuyingxenye (okuthinta ingxenye eyodwa yomzimba ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa kokuqonda), noma ukuqubuka okuyingxubevange (okuthinta ingxenye engaphezu kweyodwa yomzimba).
Nakuba kulinganiselwa ukuthi amaphesenti angu-45 abantu abadala asebekhulile abane-DS (iminyaka engama-50 nangaphezulu) bayoba nesimo sokufa kwesithuthwane, ukuhlukunyezwa ngokuvamile akuvamile.
Izincazelo Ezingenzeka Zokuphefumula Nge-Down Syndrome
Izimo eziningi zokuthunjwa ezinganeni ezine-Down syndrome azikho incazelo ecacile. Kodwa-ke, singakwazi ukufakazela ukuthi kuhlobene nokusebenza okungavamile kobuchopho, ngokuyinhloko ukungalingani phakathi kwendlela "yokuzijabulisa" kanye "nokuvimbela" ebuchosheni (eyaziwa ngokuthi ibhalansi ye-E / I).
Lokhu ukungalingani kungabangela umphumela owodwa noma eziningana:
- Ukuvimbela ukuvinjelwa kwemigwaqo kagesi (ngokukhululeka ukukhulula "ama-brake" ohlelweni okuhloswe ngalo ukuvimbela ukuguqulwa kwamandla kagesi).
- Ukuncintisana okwandisiwe kwamaseli obuchopho.
- Ukungahleleki kwesakhiwo sobuchopho okungabangela ukugqithisa kagesi.
- Shintsha emazingeni ama-neurotransmitters, afana ne-dopamine ne-adrenaline, engabangela amangqamuzana obuchopho ukuba angafaki umlilo noma kungabi umlilo.
Ukwelapha Ukuqubula Kwabantu Ku-Down Syndrome
Ukwelashwa kwesithuthwane kuhilela ukusetshenziswa kwe-anticonvulsants eklanyelwe ukusekela izindlela ezingavimbela ubuchopho nokuvimbela ukungasebenzi kwamangqamuzana.
Amacala amaningi alawulwa ngokugcwele ngeyodwa noma inhlanganisela yama-anticonvulsants.
Abanye odokotela basekela ukwelashwa nge- ketogenic yokudla . Umkhuba wokudla okunamafutha ophansi, ophansi we-carbohydrate ukholelwa ukuthi unciphisa ubunzima noma imvamisa yokugubha futhi ngokuvamile uqale esibhedlela ngezinsuku ezimbili zokuzila ukudla.
Ukuba nengane nge-Down syndrome akusho ukuthi uzoba nesithuthwane. Uma kuthiwa, kudingeka uqaphele izimpawu zokufelwa kwegazi futhi uthintane nodokotela wezingane ngokushesha uma ukholelwa ukuthi ingane yakho ibhekene nokuthunjwa.
> Imithombo
- > Arya, R .; Kabra. I-M .; kanye neGulati. S. "Ukuhlushwa kwabantwana abane-Down syndrome." Ukuphazamiseka kwesisu. 2011; 13 (1): 1-7.
- > Menendez, M. "I-Down syndrome, isifo se-Alzheimer, nokuhlukunyezwa." Ubuchopho Nokuthuthukiswa. 2005: 27: 246-252.