Yeka ukuthi kutholakala kanjani ubuhlungu obusabekayo futhi obubonakalayo
Ubuhlungu be-nociceptive yiyona nkulumo yezinhlungu ezitholwa yizinzwa ezikhethekile ezibizwa ngokuthi i- nociceptors . Lezi zinzwa zitholakala kuzo zonke izicubu ezithambile kanye nezitho zangaphakathi. Zibandakanya kokubili ubuhlungu obunzima ngenxa yokulimala kwezicubu nokubuhlungu okungapheli. Ubuhlungu obunama-nociceptive abufani nobuhlungu be- neuropathic , obangelwa umonakalo wezinzwa.
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zobuhlungu be- nociceptive : ubuhlungu be-somatic nobuhlungu be- visceral .
Ubuhlungu besimo somuntu buvela kumalunga, amathambo, imisipha nezinye izicubu ezithambile, kuyilapho ubuhlungu be-visceral buvela ezithombeni zangaphakathi. Yize zitholakala ngezindlela ezifanayo, ubuhlungu obunamahloni nobuhlungu be-visceral abuzwa bufanayo.
Kokubili ubuhlungu obunamahloni kanye nobuhlungu be-visceral bubonakala ngendlela efanayo. Ama-nociceptors, noma izinzwa zokuthola ubuhlungu, thumela umfutho kusuka kwisayithi elibuhlungu kuze kufike emthonjeni womgogodla nakulobuchopho ukuze uhumushe futhi uphendule.
Indlela amaNociceptors asebenza ngayo
I-Nociceptors yindlela esizizwa ngayo ubuhlungu . Lezi zinzwa zinezinkinga ezikhethekile eziphethwe umlilo ngenxa yokushintsha kwamakhemikhali emzimbeni. Ama-nociceptors abona ukushisa, ukucindezela, nokuweluleka ngaphakathi nasezungeze izicubu zabo ezizungezile. Zitholakala kuwo wonke umzimba esikhumbeni, ezithombeni zangaphakathi, amajoyina, imisipha, namathenda.
I-Nociceptors umlilo lapho kutholakala umonakalo, ukuthumela izibonakaliso zobuhlungu emgodini womgogodla nobuchopho. Izintambo zobuhlungu zifaka intambo yomgogodla emgodleni we-ganglia bese udlulisela izimpawu kuwo wonke ama-synapse ephondo lokwehla.
Amafayili awela ngaphesheya futhi aqhubeke nezinsika ze-lateral ku-thalamus kanye ne-cortex ye-cerebral.
Izicubu ezonakalisiwe zikhulula izinto ezingenza ama-nociceptors emavikini azwele kakhulu. Uma isimo esibuhlungu sihlala isikhathi eside, ukuvuselela okuphindaphindiwe kungashukumisa ama-neurons futhi kuthatha ukugqugquzelwa okuncane ukubangela ubuhlungu.
Isibonakaliso sobuhlungu singasetshenziswa kumaphuzu amaningi ukuze unciphise, akhulise, akhule, noma anciphise ukuzwela ubuhlungu. Amakhemikhali ahlangene afaka i-endorphins kanye ne-monoamines efana ne-serotonin ne-norepinephrin.
Uma umonakalo usuphululiwe, ama-nociceptors kufanele ayeke ukudubula. Ngezinye izikhathi ngisho nangemva kokulimala kokuqala sekuphulukisiwe, ama-nociceptors angase aqhubeke nokushisa, okungaholela ekubuyeni okungapheli . Izibonelo zezinhlungu ezingapheliyo ezibuhlungu zibandakanya ikhanda , i- arthritis , i- fibromyalgia , nobuhlungu be-pelvic abubangelwa umonakalo wezinzwa.
Ubuhlungu besimo seSomatic
Ubuhlungu besimo somuntu buyatholakala yizinzwa ezisesikhumbeni, izicubu ezingaphansi, imisipha namalungu. Ingaba yindawo yangakini futhi ingaba ubuhlungu obunzima, ukuphumula okumnyama, noma ukuzwa okuvuthayo. Kungaba ngenxa yokulimala okubi noma inqubo engavamile. Ubuhlungu buzwa kusukela ekusikeni, ukulimaza, noma isifo samathambo yisifo esibuhlungu. Ngokuvamile, ubuhlungu obunomsoco bunomzimba wokuvuvukala futhi lungaphathwa nge- NSAID .
Ubuhlungu obubonakalayo
Ubuhlungu obubonakalayo buyatholakala yi-nociceptors ezithombeni zangaphakathi zomzimba. Izisindo ezithandekayo ezingxenyeni zangaphakathi azifani njengokusakazeka njengoba zisemisipha yomzimba nesikhumba. Lokhu kungenza ubuhlungu be-visceral buzwe bubuhlungu futhi bukhuni ukuthola indawo. Ngokungafani nobuhlungu obuningi, ubuhlungu be-visceral bungase buzwakale kude kakhulu nokuvela kwangempela.
> Umthombo:
> Markman J. Sibutsetelo sobuhlungu. I-Merck Manual Professional Version. http://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/neurologic-disorders/pain/overview-of-pain.