Kungani ukukhipha ezinye izimbangela kuyadingeka
Kunezimo eziningi zezokwelapha ezitholakala kalula ngokuhlolwa kwegazi noma ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba. Ezinye azilula kakhulu. Kwezinye izimo, ngeke kube khona ukuhlolwa okufanayo noma inqubo engase iqinisekise noma ingabandakanyi ubukhona bokugula.
Isifo se-congestive obstructive pulmonary (COPD) kuyisimo iphuzu. Nakuba izivivinyo ezihlukahlukene zokuphefumula, ezifana ne- spirometry , zingaqinisekisa izimpawu zalesi sifo, zodwa azikwazi ukuqinisekisa ukutholakala.
Ngenxa yalokhu, udokotela kuzodingeka enze lokho okubizwa ngokuthi ukuxilongwa okuhlukile . Lena yinkqubo lapho zonke ezinye izimbangela zokugula ziye zafakwa ngaphandle. Kuphela uma inqubo isiphelile ingabe ukuhlolwa kwe-COPD kubhekwa njengokucacile.
Kungani Ukuhlola Okuhlukile Kunesidingo
Ukuxilongwa ngokuhlukana kubalulekile ekuqinisekiseni i-COPD ngoba ihlala isifo esinzima. Nakuba i-COPD ihlotshaniswa kakhulu nokubhema ugwayi, akubona bonke ababhema abane-COPD futhi akuwona wonke umuntu ophethe i-COPD obhemayo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, izimpawu kanye nesibonakaliso sesifo zihluka kakhulu. Isibonelo, umuntu okuhlolwa okungahambisani nawo nge-spirometry angaba nezimpawu ezinzima ze- COPD . Ngenye indlela, umuntu obhekene nokukhubazeka okuphawulekayo angakwazi ukuphatha ngezimbalwa ezimbalwa, uma zikhona, izimpawu.
Lokhu kuhlukahluka kudinga odokotela ukuba babheke lesi sifo ngokuhlukile. Futhi, ngenxa yokuthi asikaqondi ngokugcwele ukuthi yini eyenza i-COPD, odokotela badinga inetha lokuphepha lokuhlonza ukuhlukana ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi kwenziwe ucingo olufanele.
Lokhu kuyiqiniso ngokukhethekile kubantu asebekhulile abanesifo senhliziyo nesiphunga abangabangela ukuvinjelwa komgwaqo. Ngokuguqula wonke amatshe esaga, odokotela bangathola ngokuvamile (okungenokuba bacatshangelwe) imbangela yokuphefumula okuphefumulayo, okunye okungaphathwa.
Ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa okuhlukile, ukuphenywa okuvamile okungajwayelekile kufaka phakathi i-asthma, ukwehluleka kwe-heart congestive, i-bronchiectasis, isifo sofuba, kanye ne-bronchiolitis ebomvu.
Ngokuya ngempilo nomlando womuntu ngamunye, ezinye izimbangela zingabuye zihlolwe.
I-asthma
Esinye sezifo ezivame ukuhlukana kweCOPD yi- asthma . Ezimweni eziningi, lezi zimo ezimbili akunakwenzeka ukuzisho (okungawenza kube nzima ukuphatha kusukela izifundo zokwelapha zihluke kakhulu). Phakathi kwezici zesici se-asthma:
- Ukuqala kwezifo ngokuvamile kubonakala kusencane empilweni (kuqhathaniswa neCOPD eyenzeka kamuva ekuphileni).
- Izimpawu zingashintsha cishe nsuku zonke, ngokuvamile ziphele phakathi kokuhlaselwa.
- Umlando womndeni we-asthma uvamile.
- Izifo, i-rhinitis, noma i-eczema zivame ukuhamba.
- Ngokungafani ne-COPD, ukukhawulelwa kwe-airflow kubalulekile ukuguqulwa.
Ukungaphumeleli Kwezinhliziyo Zenkululeko
Ukuhluleka kwenhliziyo ukuhlushwa (CHF) kwenzeka lapho inhliziyo ingakwazi ukwanela igazi lempompo ngokwanele ukugcina izinto zisebenza ngendlela evamile. Lokhu kubangela ukugcinwa kwamanzi kwamaphaphu nakwezinye izingxenye zomzimba. Izimpawu ze-CHF zihlanganisa ukukhwehlela, ubuthakathaka, ukukhathala nokuphefumula komsebenzi. Phakathi kwezinye izici ze-CHF:
- Ama-crackles amahle angazwakala uma elalela i-stethoscope.
- Ama-X-rays esifubeni azobonisa uketshezi okweqile nokuhlunga kwenhliziyo yesisu.
- Ukuhlolwa kokusebenza kwepulmonary kuzobonisa ukuvinjelwa kwevolumu (ngokuphambene nomkhawulo we-airflow ovezwe ku-COPD).
Bronchiectasis
I-Bronchiectasis iyisifo sokuphazamiseka kwamaphaphu esingabangela ukuzalwa (okukhona ngesikhathi sokubeletha) noma esibangelwa izifo zakuqala ezincane ezifana ne-pneumonia, isishubhu, umkhuhlane, noma isifo sofuba. I-Bronchiectasis ingaba yedwa noma isebenze eceleni kwe-COPD. Phakathi kwezici ze-bronchiectasis:
- Inani elikhulu le-sputum livame ukukhiqizwa.
- Lo muntu uzoba nezinkinga eziphindaphindiwe zokutheleleka kwe-bacterial lung.
- Ama-crackles ama-coarse angazwakala nge-stethoscope.
- I-X-ray ye-Chest izobonisa izibhubhu ezixubile ze-bronchial nezindonga ezinamandla eziqinile.
- I-Clubbing yeminwe ivamile.
Isifo sofuba
Isifo sesifo sofuba (i-TB) isifo esithathelwanayo esibangelwa yi-microorganism I- Mycobacterium isifo sofuba .
Ngenkathi i-TB ivame ukuphazamisa amaphaphu, angakwazi ukusabalalisa kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba, futhi kuhlanganise nobuchopho, izinso, amathambo, nama-lymph nodes.
Izimpawu ze-TB zifaka phakathi ukulahlekelwa isisindo, ukukhathala, ukukhwehlela okuqhubekayo, ubunzima bokuphefumula, ubuhlungu besifuba, kanye nesiputum esinyene noma egazini. Phakathi kwezinye izici ze-TB:
- Ukuqala ukugula kungenzeka nganoma yisiphi isikhathi.
- Ama-X-rays esifubeni azobonisa izindawo zomoya ezigcwele uketshezi.
- Izivivinyo zegazi noma izifo ezincane zizoqinisekisa ukutholakala kwe- TB yesifo sofuba.
- Lesi sifo sizovame ukubonakala ngaphakathi komphakathi noma sibonakalise njengengxenye yokugqashuka.
I-Bronchiolitis engabonakali
I-bronchiolitis engabonakali iyindlela engavamile ye- bronchiolitis engasongela ukuphila. Kuyenzeka lapho izingxenye ezincane zomoya zamaphaphu, eyaziwa ngokuthi i-bronchioles, zivutha futhi zibhubhisa, zibangele ukuba zinciphise noma zivale. Phakathi kwezinye izici ze-bronchiolitis obliterative:
- Ngokuvamile kwenzeka ngesikhathi esincane kunabangabhemi.
- Kungenzeka kube nomlando wesifo samathambo noma ukutholakala kwemfucumfucu enobuthi.
- I- scan ye-CT izobonisa izindawo ze-hypodensity lapho izicubu zamaphaphu zincipha.
- Ukuvinjelwa kwe-Airway, njengoba kulinganiswa yi- FEV1 , kungase kube ngaphansi kwamaphesenti angu-16.
> Umthombo:
> I-Global Initiative ye-Lung Dungase Chronicle Obstructive. "Isu Lomhlaba Wonke Lokuxilongwa, Ukuphathwa Nokuvimbela I-COPD : 2018." Ikhishwe ngo-Novemba 20, 2017.