Izifo Zokuqala Zengane Zingakusiza Nge-Bronchiectasis
I-Bronchiectasis iyingxenye yeqembu lezifo zamaphaphu ezibhekwa njengezifo ezingapheliyo zokuvimbela izifo noma i- COPD . Kubonakala ngokulula nokungavamile kwe-bronchi ne-bronchioles, imigwaqo emikhulu yamaphaphu.
Izimbangela
Ngokuvamile ukubangelwa ukuvuvukala okuvamile kanye nokutheleleka kwe-airways, i-bronchiectasis ingaba yindlala, okusho ukuthi ikhona ngesikhathi sokuzalwa, noma umuntu angase abhekwe kuso ngenxa yezifo ezisencane, njenge- pneumonia , isishubhu, umkhuhlane noma isifo sofuba.
I-brronchiectasis ingenzeka njengengxenye yeziphene zofuzo, njenge-primary ciliary dyskinesia noma i-cystic fibrosis. Ezinye izici ezifake izidakamizwa zibandakanya ukuvikela amaphaphu angavamile nokuvinjelwa kwendiza ngento yangaphandle noma isisu. I-brronchiectasis ingabangelwa nokuphefumula ezinhlakeni zokudla uma udla noma ngemuva kokuhlinzwa ngenxa yokukhukhumazeka komkhuhlane kanye nokuhluleka kwesiguli ukusula imimoya yabo ngokuphumelelayo.
Izimpawu
I-Bronchiectasis ibangela ukuvusa okungavamile kwemikhumbi yomoya ngenxa yokuvuvukala nokutheleleka okuphindaphindiwe. Lapho izindiza zomoya ziqhubekile, i-mucus eyengeziwe iqala ukuhlala echibini ezindaweni ezikhulisiwe. Ukuhlanganiswa kwe-mucus kuba indawo yokuzalanisa amabhaktheriya okuholela ekutheleleni kwamaphaphu. Lokhu kuyinkimbinkimbi nakakhulu ngokulimala kwe-cilia, izinwele ezincane ezivikelayo eziqondisa imimoya yomoya. Lapho i-cilia ingakwazi ukususa imfucuza yemifucumfucu kanye ne-mucus eyengeziwe, ukuvinjelwa kwe-air kwenzeka.
Ukuqoqwa kwamakhamera kanye namagciwane okulandelelana kuholela ekujikelezeni okuphindaphindiwe kokuvuvukala, ukutheleleka, nokuvinjelwa kwemimoya yomoya kanye namaphaphu.
Ngokuvame ukukhula kancane kancane, izimpawu ze-bronchiectasis zingase zingabonakali izinyanga noma ngisho neminyaka emva komcimbi owenziwe ngaphambili owabangela ukuba i-bronchiectasis ivele kuqala.
Izimpawu ze-bronchiectasis zihlanganisa:
- Ukukhwehlela okungapheli okwenzeka nakakhulu uma ulele phansi
- I-mucus ejulile, enuka kabi
- I-Hemoptysis
- I-Dyspnea , ibuhlungu ngokuzivocavoca
- Ukulahlekelwa kwesisindo
- Ukukhathala
- Ukungabi namandla
- Clubbing of iminwe
- Ukushisa
- Izifo ezithathelwanayo zamaphaphu
- Ubuhlungu besifuba
Ukuxilongwa
I-Bronchiectasis ayitholakali kalula, njengoba izimpawu zingase zivele ziphutha ngenxa ye- bronchitis engapheli , i- asthma noma i-pneumonia.
Odokotela bangakwazi ukuhlola i-bronchiectasis ngokwenza ukuhlolwa okulandelayo:
- I-x-ray yesifuba
- I-Chest CT Scan
- Ukuhlolwa kwegazi
- Isiko lesi-sputum
- Umsebenzi wePulmonary Uvivinyo
Ukuhlolwa kwezinye izimo ezihambisanayo njenge-cystic fibrosis noma isifo sofuba kungase kube usizo ekutholeni ukuxilongwa kwe-bronchiectasis.
Ukwelapha
Imigomo yokwelashwa kwe-bronchiectasis ukulawula ukutheleleka, ukugqugquzela ukugeleza kweminyango ngokweqile emaphashini nokuvimbela ezinye izinkinga. Nakuba lesi sifo asikwazi ukuphulukiswa, ngokuphathwa, abantu abaningi baphila impilo evamile.
Izinketho zokwelashwa zingafaka noma yikuphi okulandelayo:
- Ama-antibiotics (ngomlomo kanye / noma emangcwabeni)
- Bronchodilators
- Izixuku , ama- decongestants , kanye nemithi yokwelapha
- Ukugwema ukuphefumula okuphefumulayo (ukubhema, ukubhema komswakama , ukungcola komoya , ukungcola endaweni).
- Ukushona komkhuhlane wonyaka
- Amanzi ase-postural
- I-physiotherapy yesifuba
- Ukunyakaza
- Ukwelashwa kwe-oksijeni
- Ukuhlinzeka ngamaphaphu ukuthengiswa (kulabo abangaphenduli ukwelashwa noma ukuphuma okukhulu)
Uma i-bronchiectasis yakho ingaphenduli kahle ekwelapheni, udokotela wakho angalayula i-bronchoscopy ukuze anqume ukuthi ukuvinjelwa kukhona yini emoyeni wakho. I-bronchoscopy iyithuluzi elisetshenziselwa ukukhomba umthombo wokuphaphaza emoyeni wakho.
Ukuvimbela
Amathuba okuthiwa i-bronchiectasis ayencipha ayencipha ngokunakekelwa ngokushesha kwezifo zamaphaphu. Ezinye izinyathelo zokuvimbela zihlanganisa:
- Ukuyeka ukubhema , uma uphethile.
- Gwema ukucasuka okuphezulu okuphefumula, njengokubhema komsizi noma ukungcola komoya.
- Ukugoma ngamasunisi, umkhuhlane kanye nezinye izifo njengoba kunconywa ngumhlinzeki wakho wezempilo.
Nini Ukuthintana Nomhlinzeki Wakho WezeMpilo
Shayela udokotela wakho uma kukhona okulandelayo okukwenzekayo:
- Izimpawu zakho ziba zibi kakhulu noma zihluleka ukuthuthukisa ngokuphathwa kahle.
- Kukhona ushintsho kumbala noma inani le-sputum yakho.
- Uthuthukisa i-hemoptysis.
- Uhlakulela ubuhlungu besifuba noma ukuphefumula okungapheli ngokuphumula.
Imithombo:
I-American Lung Association. Ukuqonda iBronchiectasis. 2014.
I-National Heart, i-Lung ne-Blood Institute. I-Bronchiectasis iphathwa kanjani? Kubuyekezwe ngo-Okthoba 28, 2011
USmeltzer, uSuzanne C. & Bare, uBrenda, G. (1996). I-Brunnuer ne-Suddarth's Testbook ye-Medical-Surgical Nursing (i-8th Edition). Pennsylvania, PA: Lipponcott-Raven Abashicileli.