Uma ucabanga ngemiphumela yesikhathi eside yokubhema, uvame ukucabanga ngesifo samaphaphu nomdlavuza. Nokho, ukubhema kungathinta ezinye izici zempilo yakho kubandakanya impilo yakho yenhliziyo.
Uma kuziwa nge- cholesterol , akukhona nje ngalokho okuya esiswini; kubuye kwenzeke emaphashini. Nakuba kungase kube lula ukuqonda ukuthi ukubhema kungagwetshwa kanjani izimo ezifana nomdlavuza womlomo, umdlavuza wamaphaphu, kanye ne-emphysema, umusi ugwayi udala kanjani i-cholesterol ephezulu nesifo senhliziyo?
Ama-cigarettes aqukethe inqwaba yezinto ezinobuthi, kuhlanganise nesakhi samakhemikhali esisebenzayo esibizwa nge-acrolein. I-Acrolein iyiphunga eliphuzi elimnandi elikhiqizwa izitshalo ezivuthayo, njengegwayi. Iphinde yenziwe umuntu futhi inobuthi kangangokuthi isetshenziselwa kokubili izibulala-zinambuzane nezikhali zamakhemikhali. I-Acrolein isheshe igxilwe egazini ngamaphaphu, futhi ososayensi bakholelwa ukuthi kubangele isifo senhliziyo ngokuthinta indlela umzimba olawula ngayo i-cholesterol.
Ama-Cholesterol Basics
Naphezu kwegama layo elibi, i-cholesterol yinto eyenzeka ngokwemvelo, enamafutha emzimbeni wethu eyenziwa yisibindi futhi isisiza ngokukhiqizwa kwe-hormone nokugaya ukudla. I-cholesterol igxila egazini ngaphakathi kwamaprotheni amabili ahlukene asebenza kanzima.
I-low-density lipoprotein (LDL), okuthiwa "i-cholesterol embi," ihambisa i-cholesterol emzimbeni wonke futhi i-lipoprotein ephakeme kakhulu (i-HDL), eyaziwa ngokuthi "i-cholesterol enhle," iqoqa ama-fatty deposits bese ibuyisa esibindi.
Ukuze ugcine inhliziyo enempilo, i-American Heart Association itusa ukugcina ama-LDL amazinga angaphansi kuka-100 mg / dL, amazinga we-HDL angaphezu kwe-40 mg / dL, namazinga ahlangene ngaphansi kwe-200 mg / dL.
Ukudla okuningi okunamafutha aphakeme kakhulu kungabhekisela kulokhu okulinganiselwe, futhi ucwaningo lwamuva lubonisa ukubhema nakho. I-Acrolein iphazamisa ikhono lokuhlanza le-HDL ngokuhlasela amaprotheni.
Umphumela: Amafutha amaningi atholakele egazini nasemzimbeni wonke.
Indlela i-Acrolein ngayo ku-cigarettes ithinta kanjani i-cholesterol
I-Acrolein iphinde iphazamise i-LDL ngokuvimbela i-enzyme evikelayo enesibopho sokugcina i-LDL ehambelana. Ngaphandle kwalokhu ku-enzyme, i-LDL iba yingozi ekuxilweni, inqubo yamakhemikhali eyinkimbinkimbi eguqulela isakhiwo sayo se-molecular. Ngenxa yalolu shintsho ngesakhiwo, isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela asikwazi ukubona i-LDL. Ngenxa yalokhu, amasosha omzimba akhipha amaseli amhlophe egazi kanye nezinye izinto ezilwa nezifo ezibopha endaweni ethintekile, okubangela ukuvuvukala nokwakha okuqhubekayo kusayithi. Ucwaningo olulodwa luthole ukuthi i- LDL eyakhiwe kakhulu ekhona egazini, iphakame isifo senhliziyo noma isifo sohlangothi.
Ukudalwa Kwezakhi Zamafuyo Ezinhliziyo Zabantu Ababhemayo
Nakuba izinhlayiya ezitholwa emaphashini zifana naso bonke ababhemayo, ukuthi zithinta kanjani umzimba zingahluka kakhulu phakathi kwalabo bantu. Ucwaningo olwenziwa ngo-2007 lubonisa ukuthi izici zofuzo zidlala indima ebalulekile ekuguleni kwezinhliziyo zabantu ababhemayo.
Abacwaningi eYunivesithi yaseRochester bathola ukuthi abantu abangama-60% kuya kwabangu-70% banesici esivamile sofuzo emzimbeni ogcina isilinganiso se-HDL kuya ku-LDL.
Lezi zinto zibizwa ngokuthi i-cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP). Yize ukusebenza kwawo okuqondile kungacaciswanga ngokugcwele, ososayensi bakholelwa ukuthi i-CETP iqondisa ukudluliselwa kwe-HDL kuya kwe-LDL cholesterol.
Ukukhubazeka kwezakhi zofuzo kubangela ukuba i-CETP isebenze ngokwe-overdrive, ihlasele i-HDL iphinde iyiphule ibe yizinhlayiya ezingasuswa kalula egazini. Lokhu kunciphisa amazinga we-HDL.
Ngenxa yokuthi ukubhema kwaziwa nangokuthi amazinga we-HDL aphansi, abalobi benkomba yokucwaninga ukuthi umphumela wokubamba kokubili ukubhema kanye nokukhubazeka kwezakhi zofuzo kukwandisa kakhulu ingozi yokuthuthukisa isifo senhliziyo. Ucwaningo lubuthole ukuthi abantu ababhemayo abaneziphambeko zofuzo "cishe bazobhekana nesifo senhliziyo eminyakeni engu-12 ngaphambi kwalokho ongabhemi." Ababhemayo abangenalo isifo sofuzo esivamile banengozi efanayo yokuba nesifo senhliziyo njengoba bengabhemi.
Imishanguzo Evinjiwe Iholele Ezigulweni Zezinhliziyo
Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kwenzeka kanjani, ukwakhiwa kwe-cholesterol emzimbeni kuyinto iresiphi yesifo senhliziyo.
Amazinga amaningi e-cholesterol namazinga e-LDL akhulisa ingozi yokuvuvukala kanye nomakhi omhlophe wegazi owaziwa ngokuthi yi-plaque (akufani neze-plaque kumazinyo akho). Ekuqaleni, i-plaque builchep i-arterial ihlala ilula. Nokho, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, kungaba nzima futhi kuphume, kubangele i-blood clots.
I-plaque ethe xaxa kanye nokuqhaqhazela kuvela emithanjeni, kunzima kakhulu igazi ukunyakaza kuwo wonke umzimba, ukuphoqelela inhliziyo ukuba isebenze kanzima ukuthola oksijini nezakhi emzimbeni. Njengemithambo emibi-isifo esibizwa ngokuthi i- atherosclerosis - inqubekela phambili, izingxenye zomzimba zingase zithole ukwehla kwegazi.
Ukuncipha kwegazi okweqile kuya enhliziyweni, eyaziwa ngokuthi isifo se-coronary , isisusa esiholela ekufeni e-US. Isisu, esinye isizathu esibangela ukufa, kubangelwa ukwehla kwegazi ukuya ebuchosheni.
Nakuba imikhuba yokubhema ithatha indima emazingeni e-cholesterol nasengozini yezinhliziyo, ukudla kanye namazinga omsebenzi nakho kuyisici. Abantu abafuna iseluleko sokuyeka ukubhema noma amazinga e-cholesterol aphansi kufanele bakhulume nomhlinzeki wabo wezempilo.
Imithombo:
> Goldenberg I, Moss AJ, Block R, Ryan D, Corsetti JP, McNitt S, Eberly SW, Zareba W .. "I-polymorphism e-cholesteryl ester yokudlulisa amaprotheni igciwane kanye nobungozi bokuqala kwe-myocardial infarction phakathi kwabokubhema ugwayi." I-Ann Noninvasive Electrocardiol. 2007 Oct; 12 (4): 364-74.
Izindlela Zendlela Yokuphila Ne-Cholesterol. American Heart Association, Okthoba 26, 2015.
> Yang H, Mohamed AS, Zhou SH. "Oxidised > low-level > lipoprotein, amangqamuzana omzimba, kanye ne-atherosclerosis." Lipids Health Dis. 2012 Jul 2; 11: 85. i-doi: 10.1186 / 1476-511X-11-85.