Kunezindlela eziningi zokwelashwa kwe- macular , noma yini evame ukubhekwa ngokuthi i-macular degeneration ehlobene nobudala (i-AMD) -yesi simo esula kancane kancane umbono ophakathi. Ngokuvamile, lezi zokwelapha zingavimbela futhi zinciphise ukuwohloka kombono ngokuvimbela umonakalo ku-retina. Ngeshwa, ngokuvamile abayilungisi umonakalo ku-macula noma babuyisele umbono osuvele ulahlekile.
Kuye ngesilinganiso sakho, amavithamini, imithi, ukuhlinzwa, kanye / noma ukwelashwa kungacatshangwa.
Imithi yokwelapha ngaphezulu
Ngokusho kwe-American Academy of Ophthalmology, i- vitamin supplementation inganciphisa ukuqhubekela phambili kwe-AMD, okuvame ukuthi ifomu elomile le-AMD.
Ucwaningo lwesifo se-Eye-Related Related (Isikhulu esikhulu se-National Eye Institute-esixhaswe ukuhlolwa komtholampilo esilandela abantu abangaba ngu-3 600 abanezinyathelo ezihlukahlukene ze-AMD), abacwaningi bathola ukuthi ukuthatha amazinga aphezulu e-antioxidants ne-zinc nsuku zonke kuncishisa ingozi yokuthuthukisa i-AMD ehamba phambili mayelana Amaphesenti angu-25. Ukwakhiwa kwamavithamini okutadisha kuqukethe:
- 500 mg wevithamini C
- I-400 IU ye-vitamin E
- 15 mg we-beta-carotene
- I-80 mg ye-zinc (njenge-zinc oxide)
- 2 mg yethusi (njenge-cupric oxide)
Yiziphi izithako kanye nokulinganisa okulungile kuwe, uma kunjalo, kufanele kunqunywe yi-ophthalmologist yakho. Landela iseluleko kanye nemigomo ephakanyisiwe kuwe.
Imithi
Umkhumbi wegazi ugcwele ngokweqile egazini yingxenye enkulu ye-macular degeneration, futhi umsebenzi we-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) - amaprotheni-angadlala indima kulokho.
Imithi ye-Anti-VEGF iboniswe ukuthi iphumelele ekuvimbeleni ukwanda kwemithambo yegazi ekhubazekile engakwazi ukuvuza nokudala umonakalo owengeziwe ku-macula.
Imithi ye-Anti-VEGF ihlanganisa:
- U-Lucentis (ranibizumab)
- I-Avastin isetshenziswe ngaphandle kwelebuli (bevacizumab)
- I-Eylea (aflibercept)
Ngamunye wanikezwa nge-injection emehlweni, okwenziwa yi-ophthalmologist.
Kufanele ulindele ukuthola umjovo we-anesthetic wendawo ngaphambi komjovo wakho nge-anti-VEGF. Iningi labantu liyakwazi ukubekezelela inqubo kahle futhi ngaphandle kokubuhlungu noma ukungakhululeki.
Imiphumela yenqubo yokulwa ne-VEGF ngokuvamile ihlala cishe inyanga eyodwa. Ungadinga izinqubo zokuphinda uma ukuhlola kwakho kweso kubonisa ukuphindaphinda kwesinye isikebhe segazi.
Izinqubo Eziqondene Nezici
Kunezinqubo eziningana zokwelashwa nezindlela zokwelapha ezingavimbela nokunciphisa ukuqhubekela phambili kwe-macular degeneration. Udokotela wakho wezilanga noma ochwepheshe be-retinal uzohlola amehlo akho nombono ngokucophelela ukuthola ukuthi uzobe uzuze noma ungabekezelele lezi zinqubo; isinqumo sinzima kakhulu.
Izinqubo ezisetshenziselwa ukuguqulwa kwe-macular zifaka:
Ukuhlinzwa kwe-Laser: Izinqubo zokuhlinza i-Laser zisebenzisa i-lasers ehlosiwe ukuvimbela ukwanda kwemithambo yegazi enesibindi emehlweni. Lokhu kwenziwa ngokujwayelekile ekulungiseleleni iziguli, futhi umphumela kufanele uhlale iminyaka. Lokho kusho ukuthi inqubo ingabuyekezwa eminyakeni eminye kwezinye izimo uma kudingeka.
Ukwelashwa kwe-Photodynamic: Lokwelashwa okwelashwa kuhilela umjovo we-intravenous wemithi obangela ukuthi imithwalo encane yegazi isohloke ukuze kungabi lula ukuvuza.
Imithi ivuselelwa ngokukhanya, okubhekiswe emithanjeni yegazi enesibindi ene-laser. Kufanele ulindele ukuthi uphapheme phakathi naso futhi uthole ukuhlinzekwa kwezinzwa zendawo ukuze uthole induduzo nokulawula ubuhlungu. Emva kwenkambiso, amehlo akho angase azwele ekukhanyeni kunokujwayelekile, futhi uzonikezwa imiyalelo yokuvikela amehlo akho.
Ukufakelwa kokubuyisela: Izimpande zokubuyisela ziye zasetshenziselwa izimo eziningana. Uma isetshenziselwa i-AMD, le divayisi ifakwa ngemuva kwe-iris yeso. Ukufakelwa kusebenza ngombono ophakamisa phakathi nokuthumela izithombe endaweni enempilo ye-retina. Sekusetshenzisiwe, kepha ayitholakali kakhulu.
Imithi Ephelele (CAM)
Nakuba kukhona ubufakazi bokuthi amanye amavithamini angavimbela ukuqhubekela phambili kwe-AMD, kukhona ubufakazi obulinganiselwe obusekela ukusetshenziswa kwamakhambi. Nazi ezinye izindlela zokwelapha ongazithola ngazo. Uma lezi zinketho ziyakuthanda, khuluma ne-ophthalmologist yakho ngaphambi kokufaka noma yikuphi ohlelweni lwakho lwezokwelapha.
- I-Lutein ne-Zeaxanthin: Inombolo ekhulayo yezifundo ibonisa ukuthi lawa ma-antioxidants amabili angadlala indima ekunciphiseni ukuthuthukiswa nokuthuthukiswa kwe-AMD. Etholakala ngefomu lokuxhaswa, i- lutein ne-zeaxanthin itholakala ngokwemvelo emifino eluhlaza emifino eluhlaza, broccoli, amahlumela aseBrussels, nokunye ukudla.
- UGinkgo Biloba: Ucwaningo oluthile oluncane lubonisa ukuthi i-ginkgo biloba (isithombo esitshela ukugqugquzela ukusakaza) ingasiza ukugcina umbono kubantu abane-AMD.
- UBilberry: Ucwaningo lwezilwane, abacwaningi bathole ukuthi ukuxhaswa isikhathi eside nge- bilberry kukhishwe kusiza ukuvimbela i-AMD. Noma kunjalo, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi imiphumela yezifundo zezilwane ayikwazi ukulingana ngokufanayo kubantu.
Indlela yokuphila
Kunezici eziningana zokuphila ezinganciphisa ingozi yokuthuthukisa i-AMD, futhi kufanele futhi iyingxenye ye-plan yakho yokwelapha ephelele ye-AMD:
- Landela ukudla okucebile kuma-antioxidants
- Thola izivivinyo zeso njalo
- Gqoka izibuko zokubukela lapho ungaphandle ngesikhathi samahora
- Gwema ukubhema
- Gcina umfutho wegazi wakho emazingeni aphezulu
- Gcina izinga lakho le- cholesterol emazingeni aphezulu
- Ukuzivocavoca njalo
> Imithombo:
> Aruna Gorusupudi, Kelly Nelson, noPaul S Bernstein. I-Eye Eye Related-Age 2 Ukufunda: Ama-micronutrients ku-Treatment of Macular Degeneration. Adv Nutr. 2017 Jan; 8 (1): 40-53. Ishicilelwe ku-intanethi ngo-2017 Jan 11. i-doi: 10.3945 / i -.116.013177
> Bahadorani S, Singer M. Ukuthuthukiswa kwamuva ekuphathweni nasekuqondeni ukubola kwe-macular. 2017 Apr 20; 6: 519. i-doi: 10.12688 / f1000research.10998.1. eCollection 2017, DOI: 10.12688 / f1000research.10664.1
> Evans JR. I-Ginkgo biloba ikhiphe ukuchithwa kwe-macular okuhlobene nobudala. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2013 Jan 31; (1): CD001775. i-doi: 10.1002 / 14651858.CD001775.pub2.
> Hernández-Zimbrón LF, Zamora-Alvarado R, Ochoa-De la Paz L, et al. Ukuguqulwa kwe-Macular yobudala obuhlobene nobudala: Ama-Paradigms amasha wezokwelapha nokuphathwa kwe-AMD. I-Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2018 Feb 1; 2018: 8374647. i-doi: 10.1155 / 2018/8374647. eCollection 2018.
> Korobelnik JF, Rougier MB, Delyfer MN, et al. Ukusebenza kwe-Dietary Supplementation NeLutein, iZeaxanthin, no-ω-3 ku-Macular Pigment: Isivivinyo Sengqondo Esingahleliwe. I-JAMA Ophthalmol. 2017 Nov 1; 135 (11): 1259-1266. doi: 10.1001 / jamaophthalmol.2017.3398.
> Shusheng Wang neCunnusamy yaseKhrishen. I-Chinese Traditional Medicine (TCM) yokwelapha ukuHlelwa kwe-Macular Degeneration-Evaluation ye-WO2012079419. Uchwepheshe we-Opin Ther Pat. 2013 Feb; 23 (2): 269-272.Ishicilelwe ku-intanethi ngo-2012, Dec 10, kufanele: 10.1517 / 13543776.2013.751972
> Wang Y, Zhao L, uLu F, et al. Imiphumela yokubuyisela emuva ye-Bilberry Anthocyanins nge-Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory, kanye ne-Anti-Apoptotic Izindlela ezibonakalayo ezibonakalayo ezivela ekukhanyeni kwe-Rabbit. Ama-molecule. 2015 Dec 14; 20 (12): 22395-410. doi: 10.3390 / molecule201219785.
Ukuziphendulela: Ulwazi oluqukethwe kule sayithi luhloswe ngezinjongo zemfundo kuphela futhi aluthathi iseluleko, ukuxilongwa noma ukwelashwa ngudokotela olayisensi. Akuhloselwe ukumboza zonke izinyathelo zokuqapha, ukusebenzisana kwezidakamizwa, izimo noma imiphumela emibi. Kufanele ufune ukunakekelwa okusheshayo kwezokwelapha kunoma yiziphi izinkinga zezempilo bese uthintana nodokotela wakho ngaphambi kokusebenzisa enye imithi noma wenze ushintsho ohlelweni lwakho.