Uma ngabe unomkhuhlane wezinkukhu, njengengane encane kakhulu, usengozini yokuthuthukisa izibungu njengomuntu omdala-ngisho nakuma-50s, 60s, noma ngaphezulu kwakho. Kungenxa yokuthi igciwane elibangela kokubili inkukhupox kanye nezibungu, i-varicella zoster, ayisishiyi emzimbeni ngemuva kokutheleleka kokuqala. Esikhundleni salokho, ubuyela esimisweni sezinzwa, lapho singase silale khona amashumi eminyaka.
Uma isimiso somzimba samasosha omzimba siyancipha ngokweminyaka noma siyancipha ngaphambi kwesikhathi ngenxa yokugula noma imithi, i-varicella ingathatha ithuba lokusebenza futhi.
Ukutheleleka kokuqala kwe-varicella kuvame ukuba mncane: Izingane eziningi eziza nezinkukhu zigula cishe isonto ngesifo somkhuhlane, ukukhathala okujwayelekile, nokushisa okungahambi kahle okungaxoshwa ngamanzi okugeza kanye ne-calamine lotion. Lezi zimpawu zingaba nzima nakakhulu kubantu abadala.
Leyo ndlela yesibili ye-varicella eyabangela ukushaywa kwesisu kuyinto ehluke ngokuphelele. Izimpawu zesigqila kukhona ubuhlungu obunzima endaweni yendawo yomzimba kanye nokuqhuma okungaqondakali okungapheli amasonto amabili noma amane noma ngaphezulu. Ngemuva kokuba ukuphulukiswa kuphulukisa, kungaba khona izinkinga eziningi zesikhathi eside ezivela emasongweni avela esimweni esibi kakhulu okuthiwa i-neuralgia ye-posterpetic (PHN) esikhumbeni noma izifo zobuchopho ukulimala kwamehlo okuhlala njalo uma igciwane lithinta ubuso.
Yingakho kubaluleke kakhulu ukwenza konke okusemandleni akho ukuvimbela ama-shingles, ekugwemeni ukutheleleka kusuka kumgogodla we-chickenpox kuqala ekutholeni ukugoma kwe-shingles ekubhekaneni nokucindezeleka okukholakala ukuthi kuyisisusa sokubangela igciwane le-varicella ukuba lisebenze.
Ukugwema Inkukhu Yomkhuhlane
Umuthi wokugoma we-chickenpox uyingxenye yesimiso esijwayelekile sokugoma izingane.
I-Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) incoma ukuthi izingane zithole umthamo wokuqala wokugoma ezinyangeni ezingu-12 kuya kwezingu-15 kanti okwesibini kudutshulwa phakathi kweminyaka engu-4 no-6. Intsha engavunyelwe kanye nabantu abadala bayelulekwa ukuba bathole izilinganiso ezimbili zomuthi wokugoma we-varicella, amaviki amane kuya kwamasonto ayisithupha.
Kubalulekile ukuthi uqaphele ukuthi uma ungenayo inkukhu noma umuthi kufanele ugweme umuntu ophethe izibungu: Awunobungozi bokuthola ama-shingles, angeke asakaze ngokuxhumana no-rash, kodwa ungena nge-inkukhu.
Khumbula, igciwane elibangela inkukhupox lihamba kahle uma liphazamisa umzimba, ngakho ngokukuvumela ukuthi uzibeke engozini yokukhwabanisa. Yingakho ukuvulela izingane ezinkukhuni ukuze bakwazi "ukuzitholela" kunokuba zigonywe umqondo onjalo onobucayi, njengoba abazali abathile bewaziwa ukuthi benze "okuthiwa" amaqembu ezinkukhu, "ngumqondo onzima kangaka: Umgomo wokupheka inkukhu usuphephile ngokuphelele-futhi ngokuqinisekile uphephile kunama-shingles.
Ukugonywa kwe-Shingles
Lezi ziyimishanguzo emibili ye-shingles. Omunye, okuthiwa i-Zostavax (i-zoster vaccine live), wanikezwa ilayisensi yi-US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) ngo-2006. Omunye umuthi wokugoma, uShingrix (wokugoma i-zoster-recombinant, adjuvanted) waqala ngo-2017.
Zombili imishanguzo ivikela nokulwa ne-PHN futhi ngokuvamile ihlanganiswa nomshuwalense wezempilo noma i-Medicare. Noma kunjalo, ngezizathu ezihlukahlukene uShingrix ithathwa yi-CDC njengendlela ekhethwa ku-Zostavax kubantu abaningi. Nansi indlela imithi emibili yokuqhathanisa ngayo:
- Uhlobo lomuthi wokugoma. I-Zostavax yisifo esibucayi esilungisiwe, okusho ukuthi iqukethe uhlobo oluthakathaka lwe-varicella ephilayo ukuze kukhuthazwe isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela sokukhiqiza amasosha omzimba ngokumelene negciwane. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, uShingrix, ngu-tk.
- Inani lamanani. I-Zostavax iyi-vaccine eyodwa-shot shot; I-Shingrix inikezwa ngamanani amabili, izinyanga ezimbili kuya kweziyisithupha ngaphandle.
- Ukuphumelela. I-CDC ithi i-Zostavax inciphisa ingozi yama-shingles ngamaphesenti angu-51 futhi inciphisa ingozi ye-PHN ngamaphesenti angu-67. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-Shingrix inikeza ukuvikeleka okukhulu: Amanani amabili angaphezu kwamaphesenti angama-90 asebenzayo ekuvimbeleni ama-shingles ne-PHN. Ngaphezu kwalokho, okungenani iminyaka emine ngemuva kokuthola i-Shingrix, ukuvikelwa kuzo zombili izimo kuhlale ngaphezu kwama-85%.
- Isikhathi esinconyelwe sokugoma. I-Zostavax inconywa yi-CDC kubantu abangu-60 nangaphezulu, kodwa i-agency ayinayo isincomo kubantu abaphakathi kuka-50 no-59. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi umgomo uvikela ngokuphela kweminyaka emihlanu kuphela, ngakho ukuthola ngaphambi kweminyaka engama-60 kungabeka umuntu engozini yokuvikeleka isikhathi eside uma ingozi yokukhwabanisa isiphezulu. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-Shingrix inikeza ukuvikelwa okwanele ngokumelene nezikhwama kanye ne-PHN kusukela eneminyaka engu-50.
- Okuqhamuka uma udla imishanguzo. Zombili imithi ye-shingles iphephile futhi bobabili banezimo ezimbi ezifanayo-ikakhulukazi ukubomvu, ukukhathazeka, ukuvuvukala, noma ukuchithwa kwesikhumba lapho kudutshulwa khona. Abanye abantu bangase babhekane nobuhlungu besisu, ikhanda, ukukhathala, ukuthuthumela, izinga eliphansi lomkhuhlane, noma isisu esithukuthele ngemuva kokuthola umuthi wokugoma. Zombili zithatha ingozi ephansi kakhulu yokubangela ukusabela okunzima okukhulu, okuyobandakanya izimpawu ezifana nemifantu, ukuvuvukala komphimbo, ukuphefumula ubunzima, inhliziyo yokugijima, isizungu, nobuthakathaka obudinga ukunakekelwa ngokushesha kudokotela.
Ukubhekana Nokucindezeleka
Kunobunye ubufakazi bokuthi igciwane le-varicella liphinde liphinde libuke ekuphenduleni ukucindezeleka noma uhlobo oluthile lokukhathazeka ngokomzwelo. Ngenkathi kuncane ongakwenza ukuze uvimbele ukuguquka okubi okungalindelekile impilo ingakuphonsa kuwe, njengokulahlekelwa komsebenzi noma ukugula okuthandekayo, kunamasu amaningi okuzivikela ekucindezelekeni nokukhathazeka okujwayelekile.
Okusobala yizijwayelo zokuphila ezivamile ezingakusiza uhlale uqinile futhi unempilo kokubili ngokomzimba nangokwengqondo. Lezi zihlanganisa ukunamathela kokudla okunomsoco; kuhlanganise nokuningi kokuhamba phakathi nosuku lwakho; futhi uthole ubuthongo obufanele. Uma ubhema, ukukhahla umkhuba ngokuqinisekile kuzosusa impilo yakho yonke. Kuyafana nalokho uma uphuza utshwala ngokweqile.
Okubaluleke kakhulu ukugcina igciwane le-varicella ekuvukeni ukulawula ukucindezeleka. Kunezindlela eziningi ezivunyelwe zokwenza lokhu, okusho ukuthi kunezinketho eziningi ongakhetha kuzo kuze kube yilapho uthola amasu anikeza izinzuzo zokutholisa kakhulu kuwe. I-Yoga, ukuzindla, ukuzilibazisa noma enye into oyitholayo ukuphumula yilezi ezimbalwa amathuba.
I-Tai Chi ingasiza kakhulu. Kukhona ubufakazi bokuqala bokuthi lolu hlobo olutheni lokuzivocavoca, oluqala njengomdwebo wezobuciko eChina, lungathuthukisa ukusebenza nomzimba kubantu abadala asekudala engozini yokukhwabanisa. Esifundweni sango-2003, isibonelo, amadoda nabesifazane abangu-36 abangamashumi ayisithupha namashumi ayisishiyagalolunye nesithupha benza amakilasi amathathu ka-Tai Chi ngesonto ngamaviki angu-15. Ekupheleni kwalesi sikhathi, babe nokwanda ekuzivikelweni kwegciwane le-varicella zoster. Iqembu elilawulayo elingazange lenze iSi Chi lalingenalo i-bump kuVVV.
Imithombo:
Amasevisi Okulawula Nokuvimbela Izifo (CDC). "Inkukhu Yokugoma I-Chickenpox: Yimuphi Umuntu Okufanele Akwazi." Ngo-Nov 22, 2016.
I-CDC. "Yimuphi Umuntu Okufanele Akwazi NgeZostavax." Jan 25, 2018.
I-CDC. "Yikuphi okumele wonke umuntu akwazi mayelana nomuthi wokugaya amasondo (Shingrix)." Ngomhlaka 28, 2018.
> Irwin MR, Pike JL, Cole JC, Oxman MN. Imiphumela ye-Intervention Practice, i-Tai Chi Chih, ku-Varicella-Zoster Virus-Immecular Prevention and Health Functioning in Adult Adults. I-Psychosom Med. 65.5 (2003): 824-830.