Ucwaningo ngeZindlela Ezinhle Zokuvuselelwa Kwe-Cartilage
Ukuvuselelwa kwe-cartilage kuzama ukubuyisela isifo se-articular (joint) esonakele. Amasu amaningana asetshenziselwe ukuvuselelwa kwe- cartilage . Nakuba ezinye zazo zisetshenzisiwe namuhla, abacwaningi baqhubeka bebuka izindlela ezintsha zokuvuselela i-cartilage ngomzamo wokunikeza abantu ukukhululeka ebuhlungu be-osteoarthritis.
Kuyini I-Cartilage Ebonakalayo?
I-matrix ye-cartilage ihlanganisa ama-collagens, ama-proteoglycans, namaphrotheni angewona ama-collagenous.
Ngenkathi i-cartilage isakhiwo esihlelekile kakhulu, cishe amaphesenti angaba ngu-85 we-cartilage ngamanzi. Lokhu kwehla kumaphesenti angama-70 kubantu abadala. Ama-chondrocytes yiwona kuphela amangqamuzana atholakala ku-cartilage futhi lokhu kukhiqiza nokugcina isisu somzimba.
I-cartilage yama-articular isebenza njenge-cushion kanye ne-absorber absorber ngaphakathi kwe-joint. Yenza lokhu ngoba ihlukanisa ukuphela kwamathambo amabili akha ifomu. Umonakalo we-cartilage ungabangelwa izimo eziningana ezihlanganisa:
- Ukulimala okuhlangene
- I-necrosis ye-Avascular
- Osteochondritis dissecans
- I-osteoarthritis
- I-rheumatoid arthritis
Amalungu aphethwe umonakalo we-cartilage abe nobuhlungu, anzima futhi abe nokuhamba okulinganiselwe kokuhamba .
Inkinga yilapho i-cartilage ayikwazi ukuziphilisa. Ngenxa yalokho, i-carticlage ye-articular ilokhu igxile kubacwaningi abaningi nabanjiniyela bezicubu abazama ukukwazi ukukhulisa i-cartilage entsha bese beyifaka endaweni esikhundleni se-cartilage eyonakele noma egqamile.
Intuthuko Ngokuvuselelwa Kwe-Cartilage
Kunamasu amaningana asethuthukisiwe abonisa inqubekela phambili ekuzalweni kwe-cartilage.
- Ukuguqulwa noma ukukhipha isisu - Udokotela ohlinzayo ugudluza i- cartilage evulekile edala ukuphuma kwegazi emathanjeni kanye nokukhula kwe-fibrocartilage (i-cartilage enobuthi noma izicubu ezibomvu ). Kwezinye izimo, i-fibrocartilage ingase ingabi namandla ngokwanele ukuvikela i-joint.
- Ukwelashwa okuncane - Udokotela ohlinzayo uhlanza indawo ethintekile futhi wenza amaphutha amaningi emathanjeni. Lokhu kuklanyelwe ukukhuthaza ukuphuma kwegazi nokukhula kwe-fibrocartilage kanye.
- Ukuhlinzwa Kokufakelwa Kwe-Autoport Autograft Autoport - I-operesheni yokuhlinza isusa ipulaki lesithambo elinesiqu se-cartilage esivela endaweni enempilo yokujoyina futhi siyifaka endaweni ewonakele.
- I-Periosteal Flap - Udokotela ohlinzayo ususa ingxenye ye-periosteum ( izicubu ezihlangene ezihlanganisa wonke amathambo) kusuka ku-shin futhi zifaka endaweni yomonakalo we-cartilage .
- Ukufakelwa kwe-Chondrocyte Autologous (ACI) - Udokotela ohlinzayo ugudluza ingxenye encane ye-cartilage emadolweni. Lezi zicubu zithunyelwa ebhokisini okufanele zihlonywe. Kudingeka ukuhlinzekwa okwesibili ukuze amaseli akhulile angatshalwa esakhiweni se-cartilage ewonakele.
- I-Osteochondral Allografts - Ithambo lomnikeli lisetshenziselwa ukulungisa i-cartilage ewonakele.
- Ukuhlanganiswa kwe-Matrix Associated Chondrocyte (i-MACI) - I-FDA ivume le nqubo ngo-2017 isetshenziselwa abantu abangaphansi kweminyaka engu-55 ngokuthi "iziphambeko zokugxila kwe-chondral" - izilonda ezingabangela i-osteoarthritis yamadolo. Ifana ne-ACI kodwa idinga ukuhlinzwa okuncane okungavamile futhi ama-chondrocytes athunyelwa emuva kudokotela ohlinzayo esiqhingini esenza njengesikhala phezu kwendawo ewonakele.
Yonke inqubo yokukhiqiza imiphumela ehlanganisiwe. Kukhona imibuzo eminingi ehlupha imizamo yokuvuselelwa kwe-cartilage.
Kudingeka ukuhlolwa okunamtholampilo okwengeziwe ukuthola izimpendulo ezicacile nokuthuthukisa izinqubo ezidambisa izimpawu ze-arthritis futhi zikhiqize indawo ehlala njalo ye-cartilage ewonakele.
Ucwaningo luqhubeka
Inselele yokuza nesisombululo esingcono sokuvuselelwa kwe-cartilage iyingqondo yabacwaningi abaningi. Kuwo wonke umhlaba, ucwaningo olusha namasu aqhubeka nokubheka lolu daba futhi imiphumela yokuqala ibheka ithemba.
Ngokwesibonelo, ngo-2008, abaphilayo be-Rice University bathola ukuthi ukucindezelwa okukhulu (okufana nalokho okwakungaphezu kwengxenye yamakhilomitha angaphansi kwezilwandle) kukhuthaza amangqamuzana e-cartilage ukuze akhule izicubu ezintsha.
Lezi zicubu ezintsha zinezakhiwo cishe zendawo yonke ye-cartilage yemvelo.
Abacwaningi bakholelwa ukuthi lokhu kuthuthukiswa kunesithembiso sokuphathwa kwe-arthritis. Umcwaningi oholayo wabikezela ukuthi kuyoba iminyaka eminingana ngaphambi kokuba inqubo isilungele ukuvivinywa komtholampilo kubantu.
Ama-stem cells asetshenziselwa ukukhulisa u-cartilage entsha ngezinyosi ze-arthritic inqubo eyenziwa eWashington University School of Medicine ngo-2017. Ngokubambisana ne-Cytex Therapeutics, ithemba laba baphangi ukuthi lokhu kuzoba ngenye indlela yokuhlinzwa ukuhlinzwa esikhundleni .
Le nqubo ibonisa isithembiso esiningi kunazo zonke ezingaphansi kweminyaka engama-50. Isebenzisa "isikhala se-3-D, esakhiwa nge-biagradable synthetic" futhi ngokuyinhloko sivusa ukuhlanganiswa kwe-hip ukuze unciphise ubuhlungu. Kuzo iziguli ezigula izifo, zingase zibaleke, noma zingabhubhisi, isidingo se-hip entsha.
Imithombo
- I-Axtell B. FDA OKs Okokuqala Esizukulwaneni Esisha se-Knee Cartilage Repair. I-Arthritis Foundation. 2017.
- I-Boyd J. Cartilage yokuvuselelwa '20, 000 Leagues Under the Sea '. Rice University. 2008.
- Ama-Dryden J. Stem Amaseli Ahloselwe Ukukhula I-Cartilage, Ukulwa Nokuvuvukala. I-Washington University School of Medicine. 2016.
- > Isibhedlela Sokuhlinzwa Okukhethekile. Izinqubo Zokulungisa I-Knee Cartilage Ebonakalayo Ewonakele Ibonisa Isithembiso Ekuphatheni Iziguli Ngaphezu kuka-40. 2016.
- > Rai V, > Dilissio > MF, Dietz NE, Agrawal DK. Amasu Amasha Kamuva Ukulungiswa Kwe-Cartilage: Ukubuyekezwa Okuhlelekile Kwezokuthuthukiswa kwe-Scaffold kanye ne-Tissue Engineering. I-Journal ye-Biomedical Materials Research Part A. 2017. ini: 10.1002 / jbm.a.36087.