I-anemia, i-Neutropenia ne-Thrombocytopenia
Ukususwa komnyosa we-bone kusho ukunciphisa ikhono lomnkantso wesifuba ukwenza amaseli. Umnkantsha wamathambo yiyona "amandla" okukhiqiza futhi ahlinzeke wonke amangqamuzana egazi abomvu, amangqamuzana egazi amhlophe, namaplatelet ukusekela umzimba.
Imiphumela
Uma umnkantsha wesitembu unqanyuliwe, awukwazi ukunikeza umzimba ngamaseli wegazi okwanele.
Ngayinye yalezi zinhlobo zamaseli egazi zenza imisebenzi ebaluleke kakhulu emzimbeni:
- Amangqamuzana egazi elibomvu - Amangqamuzana egazi abomvu aqukethe i-hemoglobin ephethe i-oxygen kuwo wonke amangqamuzana emzimbeni, futhi ibuyisela i-carbon dioxide emaphashini ukuze ikhishwe. Uma kungekho amangqamuzana egazi abomvu okwanele ukuhambisa oksijini kuzo zonke izicubu zomzimba, umonakalo weseli nokufa kwenzeka, inqubo ebizwa ngokuthi i-hypoxia . Izinga elincishisiwe lamaseli abomvu libhekwa njenge- anemia .
- Amangqamuzana egazi elimhlophe - Amhlophe amangqamuzana egazi (abuye aziwe ngokuthi i-leukocytes) yiyo isimiso sokuzivikela emizimbeni yethu, asivikela kuma-bacteria, amagciwane, nezinye izinto zangaphandle, ngisho namangqamuzana omdlavuza. Ukuntuleka kwamangqamuzana amhlophe egazi kubizwa ngokuthi i- leukopenia . Ngomdlavuza, uzozwa nge-neutropenia. I-neutropenia ibhekisela ekuntulekeni kolunye uhlobo oluthile lweseli elimhlophe legazi elibizwa ngokuthi i- neutrophils . Ama-neutrophils adlala indima enkulu ekusivikeleni kuma-bacterium kanye namagciwane, futhi uma kungenayo izinombolo ezanele, sibhekene nokutheleleka.
- Ama-Platelets - Ama-platelets anesibopho sokudala ama-clots egazi. Uma singenayo i-plateslet, igazi lethu alikwazi ukuvala i-clot ngokwanele uma sinqunywa noma silimazekile. Lokhu kuntuleka uma kuthiwa yi- thrombocytopenia .
Yini Eyibangela Ngayo Ngesikhathi Sekhemotherapy?
I-Chemotherapy iklanyelwe ukubulala amangqamuzana akhula ngokushesha njengama-cancer amangqamuzana kodwa ahlasela wonke amangqamuzana akhula ngokushesha.
Lokhu kuhlanganisa amaseli ezinhlanhleni zethu zezinwele, amathanga emathunjini, nomnkantsha wamathambo. Uma lawa maseli emnothweni wehle, ayakwazi ukukhiqiza futhi abe izinhlobo ezahlukene zamaseli egazi.
Wonke amangqamuzana egazi aqala ngeseli elivamile elibizwa ngokuthi i-hematopoietic stem cell. Ngenqubo ebizwa ngokuthi i-hematopoiesis, ama-stem cells "ayingqayizivele" futhi abe ngamaseli egazi ahlanganisa amangqamuzana egazi abomvu, izinhlobo ezahlukene zamangqamuzana egazi ezimhlophe, namaplatelet.
Izimpawu
Izimpawu zokucindezelwa kwamathambo zixhomeke kuhlobo lwamaseli egazi abathintekayo futhi zizochazwa ngezansi ngaphansi kwesigaba ngasinye segazi. Ngokuvamile, ukuntuleka kwamangqamuzana egazi kubangela ukukhathala nokubuthakathaka.
Ukuxilongwa
Ngaphambi kokulandela ukwelashwa kwe-chemotherapy, udokotela wakho uzoyala inani eliphelele legazi (i-CBC) , ukuze ubone ukuthi yikuphi okubalwayo kwegazi lakho okuphansi. Ukuhlolwa okuqhubekayo kanye nokwelashwa kuzoxhomekeka ukuthi yikuphi, uma kukhona, kulawa, okuphansi.
I-Chemotherapy-I-Anemia Ekhishwe
Ukunciphisa izinga lamaseli abomvu ngesikhathi se-chemotherapy kuthiwa yi -anemia ekhishwa ngamakhemikhali. Uma kukhona ambalwa amangqamuzana egazi abomvu okwephuza oksijini emaqenjini, izimpawu ziphumela. Izimpawu ze-anemia zingabandakanya:
- Ukukhathala
- Lightheadedness noma isiyezi
- Ukubukeka okubukeka
- Ukuphelelwa umoya
- Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo noma i-palpitations
Ngokuya ngezinga lamaseli akho abomvu egazi, udokotela wakho angakuqinisekisa ukuthi i-anemia yakho iyoyithuthukisa ngemuva kokuba usuqedile nge-chemotherapy, noma ungase uncome ukwelashwa ngemithi yokukhuthaza ukukhiqizwa kwamaseli abomvu, ukumisela ukusekela kwe-iron, noma ukuncoma ukumpontshelwa igazi . I-anemia iyimbangela ephathekayo yokukhathala, ngakho-oncologists ziqaphele lokhu ngesikhathi sokwelashwa. Ngeshwa, kunezimbangela eziningi zokukhathala komdlavuza , futhi i-anemia ingenye yalezi zinto.
I-Neythropenia Yokwelapha I-Chemotherapy
Izinga eliphansi lohlobo lwamaseli amhlophe egazi elibizwa ngokuthi i-neutrophils ngesikhathi samakhemikhali ebizwa ngokuthi i -neutropenia eyenziwa yi-chemotherapy .
Zonke izinhlobo ezahlukene zamangqamuzana egazi ezimhlophe zingathinteka ekunciphiseni komnyo wethambo, kodwa ukucindezelwa kwenani lama-neutrophils kubaluleke kakhulu ekukhuliseni ingozi yokutheleleka. Iningi lezimpawu ze-neutropenia zihlobene nezifo ezithuthukayo futhi zingafaka phakathi:
- Umkhuhlane ukhulu kunama-100.5 F.
- Ama-Chills
- Isikhukhula
- Ukuphelelwa umoya
- Ukubomvu noma ukugeleza ngokulimala noma ukungena emzimbeni njengePort noma IV line
Phakathi ne-chemotherapy, udokotela wakho uzokutshela ukuthi ugweme izimo ezingabangela ukutheleleka, njengokuchitha isikhathi nabantu abagulayo noma bethenga ezitolo ezinkulu. Uma inani lakho elimhlophe liphansi kakhulu, angase ancoma ukuthi ukwelashwa kwakho okulandelayo kwe-chemotherapy kunqabile, noma ubeke imithi yokusiza ukuvimbela ukutheleleka noma ukugqugquzela ukukhiqizwa kwamangqamuzana amhlophe egazi. Imithi enjengeNeupogen noma i-Neulasta inezijovo ezenza ukuba kwakhiwe futhi kukhishwe amangqamuzana amhlophe egazi emseni wethambo. Kwesinye isikhathi, bayonikezwa njalo ukuze kugcinwe isibalo sakho esimhlophe ngesikhathi samakhemikhali.
I-Chemotherapy-Indlala Ye-Thrombocytopenia
Njengoba ama-platelet anesibopho sokumboza igazi, inani leplatelet eliphansi lingabangela ukuphuma kwegazi. Inani eliphansi leplatelet ngenxa ye-chemotherapy libizwa ngokuthi i-thrombocytopenia eyenziwa ngamakhemikhali. Izimpawu ze-thrombocytopenia zingabandakanya:
- Ukulimala kalula
- I-Petechiae - izindawo ezibomvu esikhumbeni sakho ezihlala zibomvu ngisho nalapho ubeka ingcindezi kubo
- Ubuhlungu obuhlangene nobunzima
- Igazi emcimbini noma izitsheni zakho
- Izikhathi ezinzima zokuya esikhathini
Uma inani lakho leplatelet liphansi kakhulu noma unenkinga yokuphuma kwegazi, udokotela wakho angancoma ukumpontshelwa kweplatelet noma imithi yokukhuthaza umnkantsha wakho ukwenza amaplatele amaningi. Uma unesithakazelo, ungafunda kabanzi mayelana nokubhekana ne-thrombocytopenia eyenziwa yi-chemotherapy .
Amathiphu Wokubhekana Nakho
Ithimba lakho lokunakekelwa kwezempilo lizoqapha ukubala kwegazi lakho futhi liphakamise ukwelashwa uma lezi ziphansi kakhulu, kodwa kunezinto eziningana ongayenza ngazo ngalesi sikhathi:
- Funda ukuhlanza kahle izandla zakho - Izifundo zisitshela ukuthi iningi labantu - ngisho nabachwepheshe bezezempilo - musa ukugeza izandla ngendlela engcono yokuhlala ephephile ngesikhathi samakhemikhali.
- Shayela udokotela wakho nganoma yiziphi izimpawu zokutheleleka, njengomkhuhlane omkhulu kunama-100.5 F, ukukhwehlela, ama-chills, ukuphefumula, noma ubuhlungu ngokuchama
- Ukuphumula lapho uzizwa ukhathele
- Vuka kancane ngemva kokuphumula
- Gwema imithi efana ne-aspirin ne-ibuprofen engakhuphula ukuphuma kwegazi
- Qaphela ngokucophelela ukugwema izimo lapho ungagwetshwa khona noma ukalimele ngenye indlela
Imithombo:
I-American Cancer Society. Izifo Kubantu abane-Cancer. Kufinyelele ngo-03/08/16. http://www.cancer.org/treatment/zimpendulo kanye nezimpendulo / izimpikiswano / izifesheni kanye nabantu abanomdlavuza / okufakela abantu kanye ne -cancer/index.
Cella D. Ikhwalithi yokuphila kanye nezinqumo zomtholampilo ekwelapha i-chemotherapy-induced anemia. I-Oncology (i-Williston Park) . 2006. 20 (8 Isamba 6): 25-8.
Crea, F. et al. Isizathu se-Pharmacologic sokuqala kwe-G-GSF prophylaxis emitholampilo yomdlavuza kanye nendima ye-pharmacogenetics ekwenzeni ukwelashwa. Ukubuyekeza Okubalulekile ku-Oncology / Hematology . 2008. Dec 24. (Epub ngaphambi kokuphrinta).
Hensley, M. et al. I-American Society of Clinical Oncology 2008 iziqondiso zomtholampilo zokuvuselela: ukusetshenziswa kwe-chemotherapy kanye nezivikeli zokwelashwa kwemisebe. I-Journal ye-Clinical Oncology . 2009. 27 (1): 127-45.
Pascoe, J. noN. Steven. Ama-antibiotics ekuvimbeleni i-febrile neutropenia. Ama-Opinions amanje ku-Hematology . 2009. 16 (1): 48-52
UMnyango WezeMpilo waseMelika kanye Nezinsizakalo Zabantu. I-National Institute of Health. I-National Heart Lung ne-Blood Institute Izifo Nezimo Index. I-anemia. Kubuyekezwe 05/18/12. http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/anemia/.