Inhlanganisela yegciwane lesandulela ngculaza phakathi kwalabo abathintekayo emhlabeni jikelele
Ukuhlukaniswa
I-Atripla iyi-pilisi eyodwa, inhlanganisela ehlanganisiwe ye-dose (FDC) enezinhlobo ezintathu ze- antiretroviral : i-tenofovir, i-emtricitabine ne-efavirenz.
I-Tenofovir ne-emtricitabine kokubili zihlukaniswa njenge- nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors futhi zidayiswa ngokuzimela njenge- Viread (i-tenofovir) , i-Emtriva (emtricitabine, i-FTC), kanye ne-FDC Truvada ehlanganisiwe (tenovfovir + emtricitabine).
I-Efavirenz, ngokuphambene, i- non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor futhi iyathengiswa ngokuthengisa njengoSusvava (efavirenz) .
U-Atripla wanikezwa ilayisensi yi-US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) ngoJuni 12, 2012 futhi kwaba yisidakamizwa sokuqala esisodwa-nsuku zonke, esisodwa ngomunye esivunyelwe ukusebenzisa ukwelashwa kwe-HIV kubantu abadala nabantwana abaneminyaka engama-12 nangaphezulu.
Kuze kube ngu-2015, i-Atripla ibekwe njengendlela ekhethwayo, ukwelashwa kwegciwane lesandulela ngculazi lokuqala e-US, cishe ingxenye eyodwa kwezintathu kuzo zonke iziguli ezibekwe umuthi. Izidakamizwa ezisanda kuzalwa ezilandelayo (ezaziqhenya ngokubambisana nokuphumelela okungcono) zagcina zithuthukisa u-Atripla ohlwini lwamakhemikhali "anconyiwe" kuze kube manje isimo sokuqala samanje.
Okwamanje ayikho enye indlela ejwayelekile ye-Atripla e-US
Ukufometha kwe-Atripla
I-Atripla iyi-tablet ehlanganisiwe eyenziwe nge-300mg tenofovir disoproxil fumarate, i-emtricitabine engu-200mg, no-600mg we-efavirenz.
Ithebhulethi e-pink, e-oblong ifilimu eboshwe futhi ihlanganiswe ngakolunye uhlangothi nenombolo "123."
Isripla Isilinganiso
Kubantu abadala kanye nezingane ezineminyaka engu-12 noma ngaphezulu abalelwa okungenani angu-87 lbs (40kg): enye ithebhulethi ithathwa ngomlomo ngesisu esingenalutho, ngokuqondile ngesikhathi sokulala (ngenxa yesidumbu esingase ivele ngenxa ye-efavirenz ingxenye).
Iziguli ezithatha i-rifampin (ezisetshenziselwa njalo ekwelashweni kwe-tuberculosis coinfection) ezilinganisa okungenani i-110 lbs (50kg): ithebhulethi eyodwa ye-Atripla kanye nethebhulethi eyodwa kaSustiva (efavirenz) ethathwe ngomlomo, futhi ngesisu esingenalutho futhi kahle ngesikhathi sokulala.
Imiphumela ye Side Atripla
Imiphumela emibi kakhulu ehlobene nokusetshenziswa kwe-Atripla (okwenzeka okungenani ama-5% wamacala) afaka:
- I-nausea
- Uhudo
- Ukukhathala
- Sinusitis
- Izinwele
- Isizungu
- Ukucindezeleka
- Ukungalali
- Amaphupho angavamile
- Rash
Iningi lezimpawu ngokuvamile lihlala isikhathi eside, ngokuvamile lixazulula ngokwayo phakathi nesonto noma amabili. Okunye ukuphazanyiswa kwesistimu enkulu, njengesizungu, ngezinye izikhathi kuthatha isikhathi eside ukuxazulula, nakuba ukuthatha amaphilisi ebusuku, ngaphambi nje kokulala, kuvame ukunciphisa izimpawu kakhulu.
Ukungafani
- Imithi ye-Antifungal: Vrend (voriconazole)
- Imithi ye-Hepatitis B: Hepsera (adefovir)
- Izidakamizwa ze-Ergot (kufaka phakathi i-Wigraine ne-Cafergot)
- Ama-blockers wesiteshi se-Calcium: i-Vascor (bedripil), i-Propulsid (cisapride), i-Orap (i-pimozide)
- Wort St. John's Wort
Ukucatshangelwa Ukwelashwa
Iziguli eziye zabhekana nokuphendula kwangaphambili, okunamandla okuxhaswa ku-Sustiva (kufaka phakathi ukukhwabanisa okunzima noma okuphuthumayo) akumele kubekwe i-Atripla.
I-Atripla kufanele isetshenziswe ngokucophelela ezigulini ezinomlando wokukhubazeka kwezinsola (izinso).
Hlala uhlola imvume yokudalulwa kwemvelo ngaphambi kokuqala ukwelashwa. Ezigulini ezinengozini yokungasebenzi, zibandakanya imvume yokudalulwa kwe-creinine, i-serum phosphorus, i-urine glucose kanye namaprotheni omchamo uma kuqapha. I-Atripla akufanele isetshenziswe kuziguli ezinesidingo esilinganiselwa ku-50mL / iminithi.
Hlola izivivinyo zokusebenza kwesibindi kumagciwane ase-hepatic anezifo ezingaphansi kwesibindi, kuhlanganise ne- hepatitis B ne- hepatitis C. I-Atripla ayinconywa kuziguli ezinokukhubazeka okunamandla kwesibindi. Sebenzisa ngokuqapha ezigulini ezinokukhubazeka kwesibindi.
Ingxenye ye-efavirenz e-Atripla iye yahlotshaniswa nokungajwayelekile kwe-fetal eziningana zezifundo zesilwane.
Ngenkathi kusekhona ukuphikisana ngokuthi ngabe i-efavirenz ibeka yini ingozi yangempela kubantu, Kunconywa ukuthi i-Atripla igwenywe ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa ), ikakhulukazi phakathi nenyanga yokuqala. Omama nabo bayelulekwa ukuthi bangalusisi ngesikhathi besithatha i-Atripla.
I-Atripla kufanele inqunywe ngokucophelela kubantu abaye bahlushwa, kanye nalabo abane-schizophrenia, ukucindezeleka okwelashwa, noma ezinye izifo ezingokomqondo. I-efavirenz ingxenye iyaziwa ukuthi ithinte isistimu yomgogodla oyinhloko, okuholela ekutheni ugozi, amaphupho acacile, ukungaqiniseki, nokuphazanyiswa kwabanye abantu.
Imithombo:
I-US Food and Drug Administration (FDA). "I-FDA ivumela ukuhlanganiswa kokuqala kwezidakamizwa zokuqala kwe-HIV-1." I-Silver Spring, e-Maryland; ukushicilelwa okukhishwe ngo-Agasti 2, 2004.
Bristol Myers Squibb. " Amaphuzu avelele wokubeka ulwazi - ATRIPLA ." 2006.