I-Stevens-Johnson Syndrome (i-SJS) yisimo sesikhumba esingavamile kodwa esingasongela ukuphila esikhwameni sangaphandle sesikhumba (i-epidermis) ihlukanisa nohlaka olungezansi (i-dermis) le-epidermis, okubangelwa ukufa okuyisisindo esisheshayo.
Ngenkathi i-SJS ingabangelwa izifo eziningana, kufaka phakathi ama-mumps kanye ne-typhoid, zihlobene kakhulu ne-hypersensitivity yezidakamizwa.
Ukungena kwemvelo kwenzeka lapho ukutholakala kwesinye isidakamizwa kudala impendulo engavamile yokuzivikela emzimbeni lapho umzimba uhlasela amangqamuzana namathemikhali.
Imithi ethile ye- antiretroviral esetshenziselwa ukwelapha i-HIV ihlotshaniswa nengozi enkulu ye-SJS kuhlanganise ne-Viramune (nevirapine), i-Ziagen (abacavir), ne-Isentress (raltegravir).
Ama-antibiotics, ikakhulukazi izidakamizwa ze-sulfa, nawo avame ukubandakanya imicimbi ye-SJS. Eqinisweni, ukusetshenziswa kwe-rifampin yezidakamizwa zokulwa nesifo sofuba kungandisa ingozi ye-SJS kubantu abane-HIV ngamaphesenti angaba ngu-400.
Izimpawu
I-SJS ivame ukuqala ngezimpawu ezincane ezifana nokukhathala okujwayelekile, umkhuhlane, nomphimbo. Lokhu kuvame ukulandelwa ukubukeka kwezilonda ezibuhlungu emagqumeni omlomo, izindebe, ulimi, namajwabu angaphakathi (futhi ngezikhathi ezithile i-anus nezitho zangasese). Kungabandakanya futhi izingxenye ezinkulu zobuso, i-trunk, izingqikithi, nezinyawo ezinyaweni, kubonakala nge-blisters cishe ngamasentimitha ngobukhulu.
Izimpawu ngokuvamile zivela emavikini amabili okuqala ukuqala ukwelashwa okusha. Uma kushiywe kungalashwa futhi izidakamizwa zingavaliwe, umonakalo womzimba ungenzeka futhi uholela ekulimazeni kweso, ukuphuphuthekisa noma ngisho nokufa. I-Sepsis , isimo esithuthuka ngokushesha, esesongela ukuphila, singabangela uma amabhaktheriya avela ku-SJS ukutheleleka engena egazini futhi asakazeka kuwo wonke umzimba, okwenza kube khona ukushaqeka okwesabekayo nokuhluleka komzimba.
I-SJS ngezinye izikhathi iphutha ngenxa ye-erythema multiforme, i-hypersensitivity yezidakamizwa ezibonisa ukuvuthwa okuphakanyisiwe, okubomvu noma okubomvu. I-SJS, ngokuphambene nalokho, ihlotshaniswa nokuqhuma kwesibindi okungahlanganisana ukwakha amashidi amakhulu esikhumba esilondoloziwe. Ngisho nasesiteji sokuqala sesethulo, odokotela abaningi bazochaza ukuthi i-SJS iqhuma ngokuthi "intukuthelo" ngenxa yokubukeka kwabo okubuhlungu, okubuhlungu.
Ukwelapha
Ukuyeka ukukhishwa kwezidakamizwa kuyisinyathelo sokuqala uma ngabe i-SJS icatshangwa. Ezimweni ezimbi, ukwelashwa kwe-SJS kufana nalokhu ezigulini ezinokushisa okukhulu, kuhlanganise nokugcinwa kwamanzi, ukusetshenziselwa ukugqoka okungabambisani, ukulawula izinga lokushisa, kanye nokwelashwa okusekela ukuphatha ubuhlungu nokudla.
Uma isidakamizwa simisiwe ngenxa ye-SJS, akufanele nanini iqaliswe kabusha
Ingozi
Ngenkathi i-SJS ingathinta noma ubani, kunabathile ababonakala bebekelwe izakhi zofuzo esimweni. Ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi abantu abanegciwane le-HLA-B 1502 bajwayele ukuthuthukisa i-SJS ngenengozi enkulu kakhulu eyabonakala phakathi kwabantu baseShayina, e-Indian naseNingizimu-East Asia.
Ngaphezu kwezidakamizwa ezibalwe ngenhla, imithi eminingi ejwayelekile ehlanganisiwe nayo ixhunywe ne-SJS. Zihlanganisa:
- Izidakamizwa eziphikisana nezidakamizwa (i-NSAID) njenge-acetaminophen, ibuprofen, ne-naproxen
- I-Penicillin
- Imithi yokulwa ne-gout njenge-allopurinol
- Ama-anticonvulsants asetshenziselwa ukwelapha isithuthwane
- I-antipsychotics isebenzisa ukuphathwa kwezifo ezingokomqondo
- Ukwelashwa kwamafutha
> Imithombo:
> Knight, L .; UMloiwa, R .; UDlamini, S. et al. "Izinto ezihambisana nokufa okuqhubekayo kubantu abaningi abanegciwane lesandulela ngculazi no-Stevens-Johnson Syndrome kanye ne-Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis." PLoS ONE. 2014; 9 (4): e93543. I-DOI: 10.1371 / iphephandaba.pone.0093543.
> UMnyango WezeMpilo waseMelika kanye Nezinsizakalo Zabantu (DHHS). "Imihlahlandlela yokusetshenziswa kwama-Antiretroviral Agents kuma-HIV nabangu-1 abathintekayo abane-HIV / 1: Ukulinganiselwa kokwelapha nokuphepha - Imiphumela emibi yezidakamizwa ezilwa negciwane lesandulela ngculaza." Washington, DC; ifinyelelwe ngoJuni 7, 2015.