Odokotela Nokufa: Iyini indima yoMdokotela kanye Nokwenzela Iziguli?
Lapho odokotela benquma ukuba odokotela, abaningi benza kanjalo ngenxa yokusiza ukuvimbela izifo nokufa, ukuthuthukisa impilo nokuphila kweziguli zabo, nokuphulukisa, ukuphulukisa nokuphulukisa iziguli noma kunini lapho kunokwelashwa.
Kodwa, kuthiwani uma, njengodokotela, uthola ukuthi akukho lutho ongakwenza ukuze usize isiguli sakho sibe ngcono? Kuthiwani uma kungekho lutho ongakwenza ukuze usize isiguli sakho sijabulele noma yiliphi izinga lokuphila?
Kuthiwani uma isiguli sakho sihlupheka kangaka, ukuthi ngempela sifisa ukufa , kunokuba siphile ebuhlungu, futhi singenakho injabulo yokuphila? Kuthiwani uma ingxenye yencazelo yakho yomsebenzi ihlanganisa ukuvumela isiguli ukuba sife, noma ngisho nokunikeza usizo isiguli ukwenza kanjalo? Njengodokotela oqeqeshwe ukuphulukisa nokuphila isikhathi eside, uvumelanisa kanjani izifiso zesiguli sakho sokugula, nomsebenzi wakho njengodokotela ukuze usindise izimpilo futhi 'ungalimazi'?
Njengoba ukuthuthukiswa kwezokwelapha kwenza iziguli zihlale isikhathi eside ngemuva kokuba izinga labo lokuphila liphele, amaphesenti akhula odokotela asekela ukunyakaza ukusiza iziguli zithathe ukulawula impilo nokufa kwazo, futhi ziqhubeke nokuphela kokuphila ngesithunzi , ngokuphambene ukubhujiswa.
Odokotela baseMelika manje basekela ukufa ngesithunzi ngokusebenzisa usizo lwezokwelapha lapho befa ngamaphesenti angu-23 (amaphesenti angu-54% no-31%), ngokusho kwe-Medscape poll okwenziwe ukuwa kuka-17 000 odokotela base-United States abamele izidingo ezingama-28 zokwelapha.
Kodwa-ke, lesi sibalo sibonisa ukuthi namanje kukhona odokotela abaningi abangaqiniseki ukuthi kufanele basize isiguli ukuba sife.
Lolu daba lulethwe endaweni evelele yamuva owesifazane osemusha owathi ngemva kokuthola ukuthi unesifo esibulalayo, wasebenzisa amasonto ambalwa okugcina emhlabeni ukuba ahlasele ilungelo lokufa ngesithunzi.
Ukulawula inqubo yakhe yokuphela kokuphila, uBrettany Maynard wathuthela e-Oregon, esinye sezizwe ezinhlanu lapho okwamanje kungokomthetho ukuthola usizo lochwepheshe bezokwelapha ngokufa ngemigomo yomuntu siqu. Ngosizo lwezokwelapha, uMaynard waphela impilo yakhe ngaphambi kokugula kwakhe kungadla umzimba wakhe kancane kancane futhi ubuhlungu. UNksz Maynard nomndeni wakhe bamemezela uhambo lwakhe, bashiya ifa elinamandla lokufa ngesithunzi, kanye nokukhula okukhulu kwenhlangano ekhulayo.
Ububele & Izinketho, inhlangano enkulu kunazo zonke nenhlangano enkulu kunazo zonke esebenza ukuthuthukisa ukunakekelwa nokwandisa izinqumo zokuphela kokuphila, isungule iqembu labagqugquzeli labadokotela okuthiwa iDokotela Odumo. Bathemba ukusakaza ukuqwashisa phakathi odokotela ukusiza ukuguqula inqubomgomo emazweni asele ukuze abhalise usizo lwezokwelapha ekufeni. (Okwamanje sezomthetho kuphela e-Oregon, eWashington, e-Montana, eVermont naseNew Mexico, kanti ezinye ezingu-23 zinezikweletu ezizogunyaza lokhu okukhethwa kukho kokuphela kokuphila, ngokusho odokotela beSithunzi.)
Ukwengeza, isihawu kanye nezinqumo kanye nodokotela abanezinhlonipho zicela i-AMA ukuthi ishintshe isimo sayo ekusizeni usizo lwezokwelapha ekupheleni kokukhethwa kokuphila. (I-AMA okwamanje iyayiphikisa.)
"Naphezu kokuphikiswa kuka-AMA isikhathi eside ekusizeni usizo lwezokwelapha ekufeni, ngikholelwa ukuthi amalungu amaningi e-AMA - njengami - asekela," kusho uDkt. Eric Kress, ilungu le-AMA kanye nodokotela oqinisekisiwe webhodi emithi yomndeni, imithi yokwelapha kanye nemithi yokwelapha. I-Missoula, Montana evezwe isikhangiso sokuqasha inthanethi. "Odokotela abaningi bayazi ukuthi ngisho nokunakekelwa kokunakekelwa kokubeletha okungcono kakhulu akunakunciphisa ukuhlupheka okungenakubekezela kubo bonke abagulayo. Sincoma odokotela abasekela usizo lwezokwelapha ekufeni ukuze bakhulume ngokujoyina odokotela abahloniphekile. "
Ukwesekwa kochwepheshe bezokwelapha ekufeni kungase kuthonywe ukusekela okukhulayo phakathi kweziguli zabo.
Cishe abayisikhombisa kwabangu-10 baseMelika (68%) bayavuma ukuthi "abantu abagulayo, ababuhlungu obukhulu futhi abangenalo ithuba lokuphulukisa, banelungelo lokukhetha ukuphelisa impilo yabo," ngokusho kocwaningi lwe-Gallup's Values and Beliefs. UGallup uphawule ukuthi ukusekelwa "sekukhuphuke amaphuzu angaba ngu-20 eminyakeni emibili edlule futhi kumile ezingeni eliphakeme eminyakeni engaphezu kweyishumi."
Sithole ulwazi oluthe xaxa ngalolu daba nge-interview ye-imeyili noMary Steiner, uMxhumanisi, Odokotela Bokuhlonipha, noMathe Whitaker, uMqondisi Wase-Oregon State kanye noMqondisi WezeMpilo Wezokuhlinzeka Ngokwempilo Nokuzikhethela.
Q: Kanjani futhi kungani uDokotela beSigning basungulwa? Kungani manje? Ubani owasungula, futhi wawuphi ugqozi?
Odokotela BeSithunzi: Ububele & Izinketho ziyaqaphela ukuthi odokotela baningi amathuba okulalela abanye odokotela uma kuziwa ekubekeni inqubomgomo. Umgomo wethu ukuhlinzeka ngolwazi ekuhleleni kokuphela kokuphila, kufaka phakathi usizo ekufeni.
Kunamandla ngamanani. Odokotela beSithunzi bahlinzeka "ikhava" kwabanye futhi banikeze ukweseka nokufundisana komunye nomunye. Omunye umgomo ukuvumela odokotela ukuba baqonde ngokucacile futhi babambisane neziguli zabo ezibhekene nezinkinga zokuphela kokuphila. Omunye umgomo ukuhambisa izinhlangano eziphikisana nokusiza ekufeni kungathathi hlangothi noma isimo. Uma odokotela bekhuluma ngokukhululekile ngezikhundla zabo, kuyasiza ukufeza lo mgomo.
Odokotela bazoba izikhulumi ezinkomfa zezokwelapha futhi banikeze ulwazi kanye nemfundo. Odokotela Bokuhlonipha bayobhala izincwadi kumhleli futhi banikele ubufakazi "buchwepheshe" kumabethamthetho nasenkantolo uma kudingeka. Okubalulekile ukuvumela odokotela ukuba babe nesigcawu sokugqugquzela futhi bafune izinqubomgomo eziningi zokuphela kokuphila, kufaka phakathi ukufa nesithunzi.
Q: Ukukhula kombuthano kuye kwamuva kanjani? Zikhona yini izinhlobo zodokotela okungenani ukuthi zisekela lokhu kuhamba? (isib. ingabe odokotela abancane bavuleka kakhulu kuwo, noma kukhona okukhethekile okubandakanyeka / okuvulelekile kuwo, njll?)
Odokotela besihlonipho: Ukukhuliswa kobulunga beDokotela baseSignini kubonakala sengathi kuhlanganiswe nemicimbi yezwe. Sithole amalungu lapho uBrithtany Maynard ekhuthaza obala usizo ekufeni. Odokotela baseCalifornia baye bafika ezindizeni ezinkulu ngenxa yomthetho we-aid-in-dying owethulwe esishayamthetho sesifundazwe futhi sibonile amalungu amaningi ejoyina ngesikhathi somhlangano we-AMA. Siphinde sithole amalungu kwezinye izingqungquthela lapho i-Compassion & Choices inakho khona.
Odokotela bazo zonke izizukulwane bajoyina ukunyakaza kokuphela kokuphila. Kodwa-ke, labo abachitha isikhathi neziguli ezinezifo ezibulalayo bavame ukuxhumana ngokubambisana nalokho ngoba babone ngokubaluleka ukubaluleka kwekhwalithi, ukunakekelwa kokuphela kokuphila kokugcina isiguli.
Q: Ungathini kumhlengikazi "ocingweni" ngalolu daba - mhlawumbe banenkinga yokulinganisa lokho abafundiswa esikoleni sezokwelapha: ukuziphatha kwezokwelapha, namalungelo isiguli ukufa ngesithunzi .. .
Odokotela besihlonipho: Ingxoxo mayelana nokuziphatha kwezokwelapha nokunakekelwa kokuphela kokuphila kuqhubeka njalo nobuchwepheshe obusha, izindlela zokunakekelwa kanye nemibono yezenhlalakahle, kodwa phakathi nendawo yonke yentuthuko kubona ukubaluleka kokwenza izinqumo okwabiwe kanye nokuxhumana okusebenzayo . Kuye kwathiwa ukuthi iziguli ziyizifundo ezinhle kakhulu. Ngingakhuthaza odokotela ukuba bahlanganyele ngempela neziguli zabo futhi bazizwele ngezimo zabo ezithile. Beka phakathi nendawo yenqubo futhi umbono wakho uzoshintsha.
Q: Kulezi zindawo lapho kungokomthetho ukuhlinzeka ngosizo ekufeni, umthetho uthinte kanjani ukuphela kokuphila?
Odokotela besihlonipho: Lo nyaka, ngenxa yokufinyelela kwezokwelapha okuphumelelayo ngabaqondisi bethu bezokwelapha, odokotela abaningi kunanini ngaphambili basekela iziguli ngokusebenzisa Inqubo Yokufa neNhlonipho e-Oregon (ukwanda okungama-34% kuka-2013).
Q: Yini okufanele udokotela akwenze uma enesithakazelo kulokhu kuhamba? Bangasiza kanjani?
Odokotela besihlonipho: Ngingakhuthaza odokotela abanentshisekelo ukuba babize umugqa wethu we-Doc2Doc ukuze bathole kabanzi mayelana nokuthi bangase basekele kanjani iziguli zabo futhi babhalisele umkhankaso wethu weDokotela Wezidumo. Ngiphinde ngibakhuthaze ukuba bavumele izwi labo lizwakale kokubili ngaphakathi komkhuba wabo kanye nabamele abakhethiweyo.
Q: Ingabe lokhu kungabangela ukuxabana ngaphakathi kwendawo yokusebenza uma odokotela benombono ohlukile? Isibonelo, uma udokotela oyedwa ethanda ukufa ngesithunzi, kodwa omunye udokotela unomuzwa wokuthi "usize ukuzibulala" futhi uyiphikisa ngokuqinile, ingabe ingabangela izinkinga ngomsebenzi? Uma kunjalo, odokotela kufanele bakuphathe kanjani?
Odokotela Abahloniphekile: Okuhlangenwe nakho kwethu e-Oregon kubonisa ukuthi odokotela abanomlando kanye nomunye nomunye bavame ukuqonda imibono kanye nezisusa zomunye nomunye. Ezinye zabameli bethu abakhuthele basebenzisana nabanye abaphikisi bezwi. Ngokubambisana ngokuhlonipha kanye nozwela, bayakwazi ukusebenza eduze ngenkathi begcina inkhulumomphendvulwano emayelana nalolu daba evulekile futhi eqotho.
Q: Ingabe izikole zezokwelapha zilungisa noma zivuselela ama-curricula yazo nhlobo ngenxa yalokhu kuhamba?
Odokotela Abahloniphekile: E-Oregon, izikole zombili zezokwelapha zinikeza amathuba okubandakanya ekuqeqesheni ekwenzeni usizo lwezokwelapha ekusizeni ekufeni. Abafundi abaningi bezokwelapha ezweni lonke baxhumana nathi futhi bathola ukuthi bangafundiswa kanjani ngale ndlela yokuphela kokuphila. Kule nyanga kuphela, [sasixhumana] nezinhlangano ezimbili zezokwelapha, kokubili eningizimu, mayelana nokuthola ulwazi oluthe xaxa. Ingxoxo ikhula futhi iguquke ngezinga elimangalisayo.