Izindlela ezimbili eziyinhloko zesifo sofuba esiswini (IBD) - isifo sikaCrohn nesifo sofuba-ngokuvamile sivutha ndawonye. Kodwa, ezinye zezici zazo zihluke kakhulu.
Sibutsetelo
Lezi zifo zinezimpawu eziningi, kodwa ukwelashwa kwazo, kokubili kwezokwelapha nokuhlinzeka, akufani ncamashi. Ezimweni eziningi, i- gastroenterologist eqeqeshwe (ngokusebenzisa imiphumela ehlukahlukene yokuhlolwa) inganquma ukuthi icala le-IBD liyisifo sikaCrohn noma isifo sokulonda.
Kodwa-ke, kunezimo lapho kutholakala khona uhlobo olulodwa lwe-IBD phezu komunye lukhuni kakhulu. Ngezinye izikhathi, ukuxilongwa kokugcina kungenzeka kuphela ngemva komcimbi ngesikhathi sesifo noma ukwelashwa kwakhe kwenza isimo se-IBD sibonakale kalula.
Iziguli ezine-IBD zingase zidideke kakhulu ngokungafani phakathi kwezi zifo. Njenganoma yisiphi isimo esingapheli, imfundo iyithuluzi elibalulekile lokuba yingxenye ekhuthele ohlelweni lomuntu siqu lwezokwelapha.
Uma ukuxilongwa kwakho kungasebenzi, ungethuki. Kwamanye abantu kungathatha isikhathi ukucacisa ukuthi i-IBD ifana nesifo sikaCrohn noma ngaphezulu njenge-ulcerative colitis. Ezingamaphesenti angaba ngu-15 wamacala, abantu batholakala ukuthi bane-colet indeterminate (IC).
I-IBD iyaqhubeka iphathwa futhi manje kunezinhlobo eziningi zemithi esitokisini esisiza abantu abanamafomu ukuthi bathole ukulawula okukhulu ngesifo sabo. Umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwe-ulcerative colitis nesifo sikaCrohn zichazwe ngezansi.
Izimpawu
Izimpawu eziningi ze-ulcerative colitis kanye nezifo zikaCrohn zifana, kepha kunezinye izinto ezicashile.
- Izigulane ze-ulcerative colitis zivame ukuba nobuhlungu engxenyeni engezansi kwesokunxele, kuyilapho iziguli zesifo sikaCrohn (ngokuvamile hhayi) zizwa ubuhlungu kwesisu esisenhla kwesokudla.
- Ngokwe-ulcerative colitis, ukuphuma kwe-rectum ngesikhathi sokuhamba kwemathumba kuvamile uma ukuphuma kwegazi kungavamile kakhulu kwiziguli ezine-Crohn's disease.
Indawo yokuvuvukala
- Esigabeni sikaCrohn, indawo yokuvuvukala ingase ivele noma yikuphi emgqeni wokugaya kusukela emlonyeni kuya ku-anus.
- E-ulcerative colitis, intumbu enkulu (i-colon) ngokuvamile isayithi elilodwa elichaphazelekayo. Kodwa-ke, kwabanye abantu abane-ulcerative colitis ingxenye yokugcina yamathumbu amancane, i- ileum , ingabonisa ukuvuvukala.
Iphethini Lokuvuvukala
Iphethini ifomu ngalinye le-IBD ethatha emgqeni wokugaya ihlukile kakhulu.
- I-colcer ulcerative ivame ukuqhubekela phambili ezindaweni zonke ezivuthayo. Ezimweni eziningi, i-ulcerative colitis iqala emgqeni we-rectum noma i-sigmoid colon futhi isakazeka ngekoloni njengoba isifo siqhubeka.
- Esikhathini sika-Crohn's, ukuvuvukala kungase kwenzeke kuma-patches ezithombeni ezingu-1 noma ngaphezulu ohlelweni lokugaya . Isibonelo, isigaba esigulayo sekholoni singabonakala phakathi kwezigaba ezimbili eziphilile.
Ukubukeka
Phakathi ne-colonoscopy noma i-sigmoidoscopy, udokotela angabuka ngaphakathi kwangaphakathi koloni.
- Emgqonyeni onomsebenzi we-Crohn's disease, udonga lwamakoloni lungase lukhule futhi, ngenxa yephethini eliphakathi kwezicubu ezigulayo futhi ezinempilo, ingaba nokubukeka kwe "cobblestone" .
- Nge-ulcerative colitis, udonga lwekoloni ludlulele futhi lubonisa ukuvuvukala okuqhubekayo okungenawo ama-patches wezicubu ezinempilo esigabeni esigulayo.
I-Granulomas
I-Granulomas yizingqamuzana ezivuthayo ezithinteka ndawonye ukuze zenze lesi sifo. Ama-granulomas akhona isifo sikaCrohn, kodwa hhayi e-ulcerative colitis. Ngakho-ke, uma betholakala kuma-sampuli amathisisi athathwe esiteshini esiphezulu se-digestive tract, ziyisibonakaliso esihle sokuthi isifo sikaCrohn siyilungisiso efanele.
Izilonda
- E-ulcerative colitis, i-mucus ekhala emathunjini amakhulu isilonda. Lezi zilonda azidluli ngaphesheya kwalesi sigqoko sangaphakathi.
- Esigunjini sikaCrohn, isilonda sinesisindo esingaphezulu futhi singangena kuzo zonke izingxenye zodonga lwamathumbu.
Izinkinga
Esifo sesifo sikaCrohn, iziqu , ama- fissures , kanye ne- fistula akuzona izinkinga ezingavamile. Lezi zimo zivame ukutholakala ezimweni ze-ulcerative colitis.
Ukubhema
Esinye sezici eziphazamisayo kakhulu ze-IBD ukusebenzisana kwayo nogwayi ugwayi noma ugwayi .
- Ukubhema kuhlotshaniswa nezifo ezimbi kakhulu ezigulini zikaCrohn futhi kungangandisa ingozi yokubuyiselwa nokuhlinzwa.
- Kwabanye abantu abane-ulcerative colitis, ukubhema kunomphumela wokuzivikela, nakuba ukubhema kungakhanjisiwe ngenxa yobungozi bezempilo obalulekile. I-colitis ye-ulcerative ivame ukubizwa ngokuthi "isifo sabangabhemi."
Ukwelapha
Imithi
Ezimweni eziningi, izidakamizwa ezisetshenziselwa ukwelapha isifo sikaCrohn kanye ne-ulcerative colitis zifanayo . Kodwa-ke, kunezinye imithi ephumelela kakhulu kwifomu eyodwa ye-IBD ngaphezu komunye.
Izindlela ezibalulekile zokwelashwa kwe-ulcerative colitis zihlanganisa imithi emihlanu ye-ASA kanye ne- corticosteroids . Imithi emihlanu ye-ASA ayisetshenziselwa ukuphatha isifo sikaCrohn, yize i-corticosteroids ikhona.
Ezinye imithi ivunyiwe kuphela ukuphatha uhlobo olulodwa lwe-IBD noma enye. Ngokwesibonelo, i- Cimzia (certolizumab pegol) ivunyelwe kuphela ukuphatha isifo sikaCrohn neColazal (i-balsalazide disodium) kuphela evunyelwe ukwelapha isifo sofuba esiswini.
Ezinye izidakamizwa ezintsha, kuhlanganise ne- Humira (adalimumab) ne- Entyvio (i-vedolizumab) , zivunywa kuzo zonke izifo zikaCrohn kanye nesifo sofuba esiswini.
Ukuhlinzwa
Kulezi ziguli ezine-Crohn's disease, ukuhlinzwa ukukhipha izingxenye ezigulayo zesibindi kungase kuhlinzeke ukuphumula kwezinye izimpawu, kodwa lesi sifo sivame ukubuyela emuva. Ngenxa yokuthi ukuvuvukala kwenzeka kuphela emathunjini amakhulu e-ulcerative colitis, ukukhishwa kwesigungu (okuthiwa i-colectomy) kubhekwa " ukwelashwa ."
Ukususa ingxenye kuphela yekoloni ngokuvamile kuvame ngeziguli ezilonda i-ulcerative colitis, njengoba lesi sifo sizophinde sibuyele engxenyeni yekoloni esele.
Ngemuva kwe-colectomy, isiguli sesilonda esiswini se-ulcerative singase sibe ne-uleostomy noma enye yezinhlobo eziningana zezinkukhu zangaphakathi ezidalwe emathunjini amancane. Amapokhethi angaphakathi awakhulumi ngezigulane zezifo zikaCrohn okufanele zithole i-colectomy, ngoba isifo sikaCrohn singenzeka esikhwameni . Uma isikhwama siphelile, kuzodingeka sisuswe kwenye ukuhlinzwa.