Okwenza Amehlo Akhanyayo Asengozini Kakhulu Ukulimala Kwelanga
Ingoma ka-Elton John ingase ibonise "amehlo ahlaza okwesibhakabhaka ehleka elangeni", kodwa abantu abanamehlo ahle kufanele baqonde kangcono izingozi zeso ezibangelwa ukukhanya okukhanya kwe-ultraviolet, ngokusho kwe-American Academy of Ophthalmology (AAO). Ngombono we-2014 owawunikwe i-AAO, bambalwa abantu abanamehlo aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, aluhlaza okweluhlaza okweluhlaza okwakubonakala sengathi bayazi ukuthi umbala wabo weso elikhanyayo ubabeka engozini enkulu ye-cataract kanye nezinye izinkinga zeso.
I-Cataract ne-Eye Ekhulile
Umphumela ongokwemvelo wokuguga, i-cataract iyinhlanganisela eqhubekayo ye-lens yeso. Yize izici eziningi ezifana nokubhema nokusetshenziswa kwe-steroid zingadlala indima ekuthuthukiseni i-cataracts, zixhunyaniswa neminyaka yokukhanya kwelanga. Abangaphezu kwesigamu samaMelika bazoba nesifo sengqondo ngesikhathi befinyelela eminyakeni engama-80, besongela amehlo abo, ukuzimela kanye nempilo yonke.
Ukungaphenduliwe okungakapheli, i-cataracts ingabangela ukulahlekelwa okuphelele kombono; yiyona imbangela ehamba phambili yobumpumputhe emhlabeni jikelele.
Ukukhanya ngokumelene nama-Dark Dark
Abantu abanezinhlobonhlobo zamehlo banezinkinga, kodwa ucwaningo lithole ukuthi abantu abadala abanamabala akhanyayo basengozini kakhulu kuzo zonke izinhlobo zokulimala kwe-UV, kufaka phakathi i-cataracts, i-melanoma ye-uveal noma i- ocular , kanye ne - ARMD ehlobene nobudala .
Cishe ingxenye yesigamu seNyakatho Melika sinamehlo agqamile.
Isibonelo, ukubuyekezwa kuka-2006 okushicilelwe ku- Archives of Ophthalmology kwahlola izifundo ezingu-132 futhi kwaphetha ngokuthi abantu abanemibala ekhanyayo babe nethuba elingamaphesenti angu-75 lokuthuthukisa i-melanoma enomzimba, uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lomdlavuza weso kanye nendawo evame kakhulu ye-melanoma ngaphandle kwesikhumba .
Njengoba nje izikhumba ezibomvu ziqukethe izingulube ezitholela ukukhanya okungenayo i-ultraviolet, irises emnyama - ingxenye yemibala - iyakholelwa ukuthi ivimbela ama-ray amaningi we-UV ekushaya futhi ekulimazeni izakhi zangaphakathi zamehlo njenge- lens , i- retina kanye ne-macula .
Ucwaningo oluphikisanayo
Ngokumangazayo, izifundo ezimbili zase-Australia ezanyatheliswa ngo-2000 no-2002 eMelika Journal of Ophthalmology zathola okuphambene: abadala abadala abanamahloni babengamaphesenti angama-80 amathuba okuthuthukisa ukwelashwa eminyakeni engu-5 yophenyo, uma kuqhathaniswa nabalingani babo be-blue eyes.
Bobabili amaphepha abandakanya abantu abadala asebekhulile, njengengxenye yeSifundo se-Blue Mountains Eye Study. Amadoda nabesifazane abangaphezu kuka-3 600 abaphakathi kweminyaka engama-49 no-97 bahlanganyela ekucwaningeni kwe-longitudinal.
Funda kabanzi: Ososayensi bathola kanjani futhi balandele bonke labo bantu?
Kungani ukungafani phakathi kwemiphumela yocwaningo? Kungani izifundo ezinamahloni zingaba nokulimala okungaphezulu kwe-UV ngendlela yokwelapha kulezi zifundo? Ukuze ngiphendule lo mbuzo, ngaxoxa noStephanie Marioneaux, ophthalmologist oqinisekisiwe ebhodini kanye nochwepheshe we-cornea.
Uthi: "Izifundo zase-Australia zenziwe kahle futhi zenziwa kahle," uyaphawula. "Kodwa idatha ephathelene namnyama amnyama ingasitshela kuphela ngaleyo nsimu, futhi ayikwazi ukuba yilapho isetshenziswe kwezinye izindawo. I-Australia iyisiqhingi esinabantu abaningi kakhulu, futhi kungenzeka kube nezici zengozi noma izingozi zokudla okunomsoco - ngoba siyazi ukuthi ukudla okunomsoco kungathinta impilo ye-iso - engazange ilandelwe kulolu cwaningo. "
Indlela Yokuvikela Amehlo Akho
Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi amehlo akho alula noma amnyama, ukugqoka izibuko ezikhanyisa ngokugcwele imisebe ye-ultraviolet kuyindlela elula yokuvikela ukulimala kwelanga. Bheka "Ukuvikelwa kwe-UV%" (noma u-99%) kule ilebula ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izibuko zivimbela imibala emibili ye-UVA ne-UVB.
Enye indlela ukubhekwa kwe-spectrum ekhombisa ukuthi yi-"UV400", okusho ukuthi izibuko zithatha imisebe ye-UV kuze kufike kuma-nanometer angu-400.
Qinisekisa ukuthi ukhetha isakhiwo esikhulu - kahle ngesitayela esizungezile-ngezandla ezibanzi - ngoba imisebe ye-UV iboniswe ukuthi igxile ngaphezulu, ngaphansi kwama-glasses ngaphansi nangaphansi kwazo ngokusho kukaMarioneaux. Amehlo aphinde avikelwe ngokugqoka isigqoko esikhulu noma i-visor.
Okokugcina, ungaboni ukushona kwelanga, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kuhle kangakanani, ucebisa uMarioneaux.
Uthi: "Kungase kungabonakali kukhanya, kodwa lokho kungumthamo omkhulu welanga," uyaxwayisa. "Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi umbala wakho wamehlo, ungathembeki emqondweni wakho wokuthi ilanga elikhanyayo likutshela ukuthi ukugqoka izibuko zakho.
Futhi khumbula, awukwazi ukutshela ngokubheka izibuko noma ngabe zinikeza ukuhlanganisa okubanzi. Qinisekisa ukuthi ubuka lesi sici kulebula uma uwathenga. "
Ngaphansi
Izibuko zemibukiso yindlela elula futhi ephumelelayo yokuvimbela ukulimala kwelanga elizayo, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi amehlo akho aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, omnyama noma into ephakathi.
Imithombo:
Izifo Zemizimba Ehlobene Nezifo I-US National Institutes of Health National Eye Institute Information Sheets.
http://www.nei.nih.gov/amd/background.asp.
I-Cataract ku-Summary Eye Eye Summary Benchmark - 2013. Izikhombandlela Zokuzikhethela Zama-American Academy of Ophthalmology.
http://one.aao.org/summary-benchmark-detail/cataract-in-adult-eye-summary-benchmark--october-2.
Cumming, RG, Mitchell P noLim R. "Iris Color and Cataract: i-Blue Mountains Eye Eye Study." Am J Ophthalmol. 2000 Aug; 130 (2): 237-8.
UHezekeli Weis, Chirag P. Shah, Martin Lajous, Jerry A. Shields, noCarol L. Shields. "I-Association phakathi kweSikhwama sokuKhuthazeka kweS Host kanye ne-Uveal Melanoma: Ukuhlaziywa kwe-Meta." I-Arch Ophthalmol . 2006; 124 (1): 54-60.
https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamaophthalmology/fullarticle/417449
Amaqiniso Ngama-Cataracts. I-US National Institutes of Health National Eye Institute Public Information Sheet.
https://www.nei.nih.gov/health/cataract/cataract_facts.asp.
U-Andrea Schmidt-Pokrzywniak, uKarl-Heinz Jöckel, uNorbert Bornfeld, uWolfgang Sauerwein, u-Andreas Stang. "Ukuxhumana Okuhle Phakathi Kokukhanya Kwe-Iris Umbala Ne-ultraviolet Radiation Ngokuphathelene Nobungozi Be-Uveal Melanoma: Isifundo Sokulawulwa Kwamacala." I-Ophthalmology February 2009. Vol. 116, Issue 2, Amakhasi 340-348.
UStephanie Marioneaux, i-Board-Certified Ophthalmologist neCornea Specialist. Ingxoxo eyenziwe ngocingo May 28, 2104.
Wenanan C, Mitchell P, Cumming RG, Rochtchina E, Wang JJ. "Iris Umbala Nesigameko Cataract and Cataract Ukuhlinzwa: the Blue Mountains Eye Study." Am J Ophthalmol. 2002 Aug; 134 (2): 273-4.