Umdlavuza we-Testicular ngumdlavuza oqinile kakhulu kubantu abesilisa abaneminyaka engu-15 kuya ku-35 kodwa ubeka kuphela ama-25 phakathi kwawo wonke umdlavuza e-United States, obala ama-0.5% kuwo wonke amacala omdlavuza omusha. Amacala amasha ayisishiyagalombili angu-8 430 ahlolwe ukuthi ayenzeka ngonyaka ka-2015. Ngokuvamile, kuthinta amadoda aphakathi kuka-20 no-40 aneminyaka engama-33 ubudala. Kuyinto engavamile kakhulu kunoma ubani ongaphezu kuka-50.
Kukhona ingozi engama-0.4% yokuthuthukisa umdlavuza we-testicular ngaphezu kokuphila komuntu.
Nakuba izinga lomdlavuza we-testicular seliye laphindeka kabili kusukela ngawo-1970, izinga lokushona liye lancipha ngaphezu kwengxenye ngenxa yokwelapha kangcono. Ngokujwayelekile ihamba kahle kakhulu ngezinga lokuphulukisa ngokweqile kuma-95% kuningi lamacala.
Indlela I-Cancer Testicular Iyaqala ngayo
Amaseli avamile ahambisana nemithetho ethile. Bahlukanisa futhi bakhule ngaphakathi kweminye imitha, bafa lapho kufanele futhi bangeneli izakhiwo ezizungezile noma ezinye izitho. Amaseli e-Cancer alahlekelwe lo mthethonqubo futhi akhule ekulawuleni izidumbu. Lawa maseli angahlasela izicubu ezizungezile futhi asakaze kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba ngezimboni zegazi nezethempeli.
Umdlavuza we-testicular uvela emaqeleni, futhi ubizwa ngokuthi ama-testes. Amathemikhali anomsebenzi wokuzala nokugcina i-endocrine. Bakhiqiza i-testosterone, i-hormone ephethe izici zesilisa zesilisa, kanye nesidoda, edlala indima ebalulekile ekukhiqizeni.
Izinhlobo
Umdlavuza we-Testicular umdlavuza ohlukahlukene onama-subtypes amaningi. Iningi, cishe amaphesenti angama-95, ama-cancer angama-testicular angahlukaniswa ngamaqembu amabili amakhulu: seminoma kanye nonseminoma. Zombili izinhlobo ziyaziwa njengezifo ze-germ cell. Ama-germ amangqamuzana akhiqiza amangqamuzana okuzala kubantu, afaka amaqanda amaqanda phakathi kwabesifazane nabesilisa emadodeni.
Izimpawu Nezibonakaliso
Umdlavuza we-Testicular uveza njengenhlamba engenabuhlungu kwesinye sezintendana izikhathi ezivame ukuhambisana nokuvuvukala kwesibhakabhaka. Ezinye izibonakaliso nezimpawu zingase zibe khona uma umdlavuza usakazekile (kufakwe emetheni) kwezinye izindawo. Lapho umdlavuza we-testicular usakazeka, ngokuvamile uhilela ama-lymph nodes esikhaleni ngemuva kwesiguli esibizwa ngokuthi i-retroperitoneum. Amanye amasayithi, angahileleka, afaka amaphaphu, isibindi, ubuchopho namathambo. Umdlavuza we-Testicular uyingqayizivele kwezinye izinhlobo zegciwane ukuthi uma usakaze usaqhubeka nokwelapha ukwelashwa okufanele.
Ukwelapha
Ukwelashwa kuncike kakhulu ekutheni uhlobo lwesisu nesigaba. Isinyathelo sokuqala eningi lamacala ukuhlinzeka ukususa isithombeni somdlavuza enqubo eyaziwa ngokuthi i-orchiectomy eqinile. Lokhu kungahle kulandelwe yi-chemotherapy, imisebe noma ukuhlinzwa ukuze kususwe ama-lymph nodes we-retroperitoneal.
Ngaphambi kokwelashwa, ukukhishwa kwesilisa kufanele kubhekwe ngenxa yengozi yokungabikho.
Ukwelashwa okulandelayo, ukuhlolwa kwe-CT kuvame ukwenziwa ngezikhathi ezichazwe ukufuna noma yimuphi umdlavuza ophindaphindiwe kwezinye izindawo kuhlanganise ne-retroperitoneal nodes kanye namaphaphu. Kukhona futhi ukuhlolwa kwegazi eziningana ezinama-enzyme athile, amaprotheni, nama-hormone eyaziwa njengezimpawu zomzimba , okungenziwa ukwanda uma umdlavuza ubuye.
Uma kwenzeka ukuphindaphindiwe, kuvame ukwenza lokho kungakapheli unyaka wokuqala noma amabili. Ukuphindaphinda okungaphezu kweminyaka emihlanu kungavamile futhi abantu abaningi bacatshangwa baphulukiswa ngemuva kwaleli phuzu.
Uma umdlavuza uphindela, ukwelashwa okuyinhloko ngokuvamile kuyamakhemikhali. Ngezinye izikhathi ukuhlinzwa kwenziwa uma kusakazeke kuphela kwisayithi elilodwa. I-Novel iyasondela futhi ukwelashwa okusha kungasetshenziswa ngaphansi kwalokho okubizwa ngokuthi ukuhlolwa kwemitholampilo, okuvame ukusekelwa kwizikhungo zemfundo nakwezinye izikhungo ezinkulu.
Lesi yisiqondiso esifushane futhi senzelwe ukunikeza ukuqonda okuyisisekelo ngaphezu kwezigaba ezimbalwa nje. Yonke imdlavuza iyingqayizivele futhi idinga ukulawulwa ochwepheshe abanekhono ekuhloleni nasekuphatheni umdlavuza we-testicular.
Izinto ezijwayelekile kakhulu zihlanganisa urology, oncology yezokwelapha, kanye ne-oncology yemisebe.
> Umthombo:
> National Cancer Institute. "Izimpawu Ze-Cancer Stat: I-Testiscular Cancer."