I-Mucus: I-Airway noma i-Nasal
Iyiphi i-Phlegm
I-phlegm yi-mucus efihliwe yizigulane ezindimeni zokuphefumula zamaphaphu. Kukhona izingxenye ezintathu eziyinhloko kumcucu emoyeni we-airways. Ingqimba engezansi, ebizwa ngokuthi isigaba somhlabathi noma isendlalelo esiyingqayizivele , iseduze ne-airways. Lo ungqimba uqukethe i-cilia, enezinwele ezinjengezinwele ezishaya i-mucus eya emphinjeni ngaphandle kwe-airway.
Ukuzungeze i-cilia yi-water kanye ne-electrolytes. Ngaphezulu kwezingqimba eziyingqayizivele ingqimba elincane le-lipids (amafutha) namaprotheni. Lolu ungqimba olubizwa ngokuthi i-surfactant luyisisindo esihambayo sokunciphisa ukungqubuzana, okuyinto kulokhu kusiza ungqimba oluphezulu lwe-mucus ukusakazeka kuzo zonke izindiza emoyeni kalula. Ingqimba ephezulu ye-mucus i-gel eyenziwe ikakhulukazi yamanzi ihlanganiswe ne-mucin, okwenza i-gel ithande amanzi. I-Mucin ifihlwa ngamaseli e-goblet ayeseceleni kwe-cilia kusendlalelo esilandelayo.
Yisiphi i-Phlegm ayikho
Ngenkathi umzimba uveza izinhlobo ezahlukene ze-mucus, i-phlegm ayiyona i-snot noma i-mucus ekhishwe futhi idonswa emagqumeni angasese, njengama- rhinitis noma i-drip drip . Kodwa-ke, i-phlegm ingaqukatha imfihlo yamasipha uma i-phlegm ikhiqizwa ngenkathi kuqhuma umquba wokuzuma.
Umsebenzi ojwayelekile we-Airway Mucus
Lapho izindiza zomoya zisebenza ngendlela evamile, i-mucus emaqenjini e-airways kanye nama-debris e-airways.
I-cilia e-airway iphinde ikhiphe umcubu oya emphinjeni ngokushaya nge-wave motion. Uma umcucu usezingeni lomphimbo, ngokujwayelekile ungamgodli umqubu lapho ugaye khona esiswini. Lena enye yezindlela ezibaluleke kakhulu ukuvikela amaphaphu.
Umbala We-Phlegm Yami Ungitshele Ngami?
Kukhona amahemuhemu amanga ukuthi umbala we-phlegm wakho ungakutshela uma udinga ama-antibiotic noma cha.
Ngokuqinisekile akunjalo. Nokho, yilokho umbala we-phlegm yakho ongakutshela:
- I-phlegm enombala obomvu noma obomvu obomvu noma obomvu , owaziwa nangokuthi i- hemoptysis , ngokuvamile imelela igazi elisha noma elidala ngokulandelana.
- I-phlegm enemibala emnyama enamahloni ngokuvamile imelela i-pulema edema (uketshezi nokuvuvukala emaphashini).
- I-phlegm enombala omhlophe noma ephuzi kwenzeka uma amaseli omzimba wakho omzimba eqala ukulwa nesifo, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi umthombo (ibhaktheriya noma igciwane).
- I-phlegm eluhlaza okombala ingenzeka njengama-bacteria ajwayelekile akhula futhi agijimele emthonjeni.
- i-phlegm emnyama enemibala , eyaziwa nangokuthi i- melanoptysis , ingabangelwa i-pneumoconiosis yomsebenzi wamalahle. Lokhu kubangelwa uthuli lwamalahle oluboshwe emathangeni amaphaphu.
Okungaphezu kwezipuni ezimbalwa zegazi kuyiphuthumayo futhi kufanele ufune usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha. Ngokuvamile, uzobona i-sputum egazini egazini, engabonisa ukutheleleka okuqhubekayo emaphashini.
Izifo Ezingathinta I-Phlegm
Izifo eziningi zingathinta ukukhiqizwa kwe-phlegm. Lokhu kuvame ukuvela ngenguquko engxenyeni engezansi ye-mucus echaphazela ukuhamba kwe-phlegm emphinjeni, noma ngokushintsha ukuqina (viscosity) ye-phlegm. Izinkinga ezifana ne- asthma , iCOPD, noma i-cystic fibrosis zingabangela lezi zinguquko.
Uma i-phlegm iba mnandi, kubalulekile ukuba nomkhwehlela omuhle ukusiza ukuhambisa i-phlegm emqaleni. Uma ungeke ukwazi ukuhambisa i-phlegm eqinisiwe emphinjeni, usengozini yokuba ne-phlegm ibangele ukuhamba kwemimoya yakho. Uma ubhekene nobunzima obandayo bokuphefumula, kufanele ufune usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha.
Imithi Engakusiza Ukwehla Kwe-Phlegm
I-phlegm encane ingaba nzima ukukhwehlela. Ungazama lezi zinhlobo zemithi ukuze usize:
- ama-antibiotics - uma isizathu sihlobene nokutheleleka kwebhaktheriya.
- expectorants - kukusiza ukuba ukhwehle i-phlegm up (ie, guaifenesin)
- i-mucolytic - i-thins mucus (okungukuthi, i-acetylcysteine)
Imithombo:
I-American Thoracic Society. (2015). Yiziphi Izimpawu Nezibonakaliso ze-COPD? Kufinyelelwe ngo-2/22/2016 kusuka ku-http: //www.thoracic.org/copd-guidelines/for-patients/what-are-the-signs-and-symptoms-of-copd.php
Barnes, PJ, Drazen, JM, Rennard, SI & Thomson, NC (2002). I-Asthma ne-COPD: Izindlela Eziyisisekelo Nokuphathwa Kwemitholampilo. I-Academic Press: Elsevier
Amasevisi Okulawula Nokuvimbela Izifo. (nd). I-Runny Nose (ene-mucus eluhlaza noma ephuzi). Kufinyelelwe ngo-2/22/2016 kusuka ku- http: //www.cdc.gov/getsmart/community/materials-references/print-materials/parents-young-children/runny-nose-color-faqs.pdf
UMartínez-Giron, R., Mosquera-Martínez, J. & Martínez-Torre, S. (2013). I-sputum enemibala emnyama. J Cytol. 30 (4): 274-275. doi: 10.4103 / 0970-9371.126667
I-Nadel, i-JA (2016). I-Murray neNadel's Bookbook yemithi yokuphefumula. I-Airway Epithelium ne-Mucous Secretion. 6th ed. 10, 157-167.
Isevisi yezeMpilo kaZwelonke. (2015). Ukuqhakaziza igazi (igazi e-phlegm). Kufinyelelwe ngo-2/22/2016 kusuka ku-http: //www.nhs.uk/conditions/coughing-up-blood/Pages/Introduction.aspx
Rogers, DF (2014). Ukuzivocavoca kweMiddleton: Izimiso Nokuzikhandla. I-Airway Mucus ne-Mucociliary System. 47, 739-753
URubin, BK (2002). I-Physiology ye-airway mucus imvume. Ukunakekelwa kwe-Respir. 47 (7), 761-8