Leligalari yezithombe lizoshintsha phakathi kokujwayelekile, ama-moles angenayo kanye ne-melanoma ukuze ufunde ukubona ngamunye. Inothi elibalulekile: Ukuhlukanisa ama-moles ne-melanoma akulula, ngisho nakuma-dermatologists oneminyaka yokuqeqesha, ngakho-ke qiniseka ukuthi uxhumane nodokotela wakho uma unemibuzo.
I-Mole evamile (i-Nevus)
I-nevus iyisisu esibi (non-cancerous) se-melanocytic, esivame ukubizwa ngokuthi imvukuzane. I-Nevi (ubuningi be-nevus) ayitholakali ngokuzalwa kodwa iqala ukuvela ezinganeni nasebasha. Ama-moles amaningi angeke abangele izinkinga, kepha umuntu onama-moles angaphezu kuka-50 (noma ama-moles angama-5 angama-atypical noma "dysplastic") unengozi ephakeme yokuthuthukisa i-melanoma, uhlobo oluhlukumeza kakhulu lomdlavuza wesikhumba .
I-Melanoma: Ifakwe ngokungavamile
Lesi sithombe se-melanoma yomdlavuza wesifo somdlavuza wesikhumba sikhombisa ukuthi zivame kangakanani ukubonakala ngendlela engavamile.
I-melanoma yangaphambili itholakele, ngcono amathuba okuthola ukwelashwa okuphumelelayo. Ukuzihlolisisa kwenyanga njalo kungasiza ekutholeni kuqala. Ngokuvamile, isibonakaliso sokuqala se-melanoma sishintsha ngobukhulu, umumo, noma umbala we-molecule ekhona. Kungase kubonakale njengenqamuzana elisha noma elingajwayelekile. Umthetho "ABCDE" ungasetshenziswa ukusiza ukukhumbula ukuthi ungayilindela.
I-Mole engavamile: Ngokuzungezile ngokuphelele
Lesi yisibonelo semvukuzane evamile; phawula ukuthi cishe cishe nxazonke. Izicubu ze- melanoma ziyahluka ngoba zivame ukulinganisa (ezihlelekile).
Nakuba ama-moles amaningi enobungozi (hhayi umdlavuza), izinhlobo ezithile zithwala ingozi enkulu yokuthuthukisa i-melanoma. Abantu abangaba ngu-2% kuya ku-8% wabantu baseCaucasus base-US banezinhlayiya ezibizwa ngokuthi "i-dysplastic" noma "i-atypical" nevi, emakhulu kunama-moles avamile (iningi liyi-5 mm ngaphesheya noma likhulu), ibe nemingcele engavamile, futhi i-shades noma imibala ehlukahlukene. Abantu abane-ney dyssplastic kanye nomlando womndeni we-melanoma (i-syndrome eyaziwa ngokuthi i-FAMM) basengozini enkulu kakhulu yokuthuthukisa i-melanoma esencane (engaphansi kuka-40).
I-Melanoma: I-Asymmetrical With Changes
Isibonelo sokuthi izicubu ze-melanoma zivame ukulinganisa kanjani (okuhlelekile), ngokungafani nama-moles angewona umdlavuza.
Uma unama-moles angu-50 noma ngaphezulu (noma ama-moles ama-5 noma ngaphezulu "ama-dysplastic"), kufanele uhlole isikhumba sakho izikhathi eziningana ngonyaka. (Ngisho noma ungenawo ama-moles, kufanele uhlolisise isikhumba kanye ngonyaka.) Uma ubona noma yiziphi izimpawu ezilandelayo, xhumana nodokotela wakho:
- Indawo entsha, mhlawumbe enkulu, engavamile, ebomvu ebomvu nezindawo ezimnyama noma ezimnyama.
- Umunyu olula oshintsha umbala (ikakhulukazi obumnyama), usayizi (okhulayo), noma ukuthungwa (okuba yi-firmer), kanye / noma ukushayela noma ukuphuma.
- Ushintsho olusolisayo kumakhemikhali noma indawo.
- Isilonda esinomngcele ongavamile nombala obomvu, omhlophe, obuluhlaza, obomvu noma obomvu noma izindawo.
- Izilonda ezinzima ngaphansi kweminwe noma izintambo, ezintendeni zezandla, izinyawo, amathiphu eminwe nezinzwane, noma emangqamuzaneni (isikhumba esika umlomo, impumlo, isisu, kanye ne-anus).
I-Mole engavamile: Umbala owodwa
Imoya evamile iboniswa kulesi sithombe. Qaphela ukuthi umbala ufana nawo wonke umlenze - azikho ama-shades amaningi anombala omnyama, omnyama, noma we-tan, njengoba kubonakala ku-melanoma.
I-Melanoma: Umngcele ongalingani
Lesi sifo se-melanoma sinomngcele ongalingani, oguqulwayo, noma ongaqanjwanga. Lena enye indlela yokuhlukanisa i-melanoma kusuka kuma-moles ajwayelekile, ngokuvamile anezimingcele ezibushelelezi.
I-Mole ejwayelekile: Izinhlobonhlobo zamasayizi kanye nemibala
Ama-moles avamile angena ezinhlobonhlobo zobukhulu nembala: (a) i-discoloration encane efana ne-freckle (ebizwa "i-macula"); (b) i-macule enkulu; (c) imvukuzane ephakanyiswa ngaphezu kwezinga lesikhumba; futhi (d) imvukuzane elahlekelwe umbala wayo omnyama. Ayikho yalezi zibonelo ayi-melanoma.
I-Melanoma: Umthetho we-ABCDE
Isilonda se-melanoma esinama-shades ahlukene asundu, amnyama, ne-tan.
Umthetho "ABCDE" ungasetshenziswa ukukusiza ukhumbule ukuthi isifo se-melanoma sibukeka kanjani:
- I-Asymmetry : Ukuma kwesigamu se-molecule akufani nenye.
- Umngcele : Amaphethelo agcwele amandla, angaqanjwanga, noma aphikisiwe.
- Umbala : Umbala uvame ukungalingani. Izithunzi zobumnyama, ezibomvu, ne-tan zingase zibe khona. Izindawo ezimhlophe, ezimpunga, ezibomvu, noma ezihlaza okwesibhakabhaka nazo zingabonakala.
- Ububanzi : Ububanzi ngokuvamile bukhulu kunamamitha ayisithupha (ubukhulu be-pencil eraser) noma bukhule ngobukhulu. Noma kunjalo, i-melanoma ingafika kunoma yisiphi isayizi.
- Ukuguquka : I-molecule ishintshe ngosayizi, umumo, umbala, ukubukeka, noma ukukhula endaweni yesikhumba esivamile. Futhi, uma i-melanoma iqala emulenzeni okhona, ukuthungwa kwe-molecule kungashintsha futhi kube nzima, i-lumpy, noma i-scaly. Nakuba isikhumba singase sihluke futhi singase siphume, siphume, noma siphume, i-melanoma ngokuvamile ayibangeli ubuhlungu.
Uma ubona noma yikuphi kwalokhu kwenzeka kumunye wama-moles wakho, xhumana nodokotela wakho ngokushesha.
Umlayezo ovamile: Umzila we-Smooth
Izibonelo eziningi ze- moles ezijwayelekile: (a) ukukhishwa kwesikhumba okufana nesikhumba noma okubomvu, 1 kuya ku-2 mm ububanzi, (b) ukukhishwa kwesikhumba okukhudlwana, (c) imvukuzane ephakanyiswa kancane ngaphezu kwesikhumba, (d) ) imvukuzane ecaciswe ngokucacile ngaphezu kwesikhumba, futhi (e) imvukuzane enombala obomvu noma enemibala.
Zonke lezi zivamile, futhi ngisho noma imvukuzane eyodwa ingahamba ngalezi zigaba ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Kodwa-ke, konke kunomngcele obushelelekile futhi uhlukaniswe ngokucacile nesikhumba esizungezile, ngokungafani nesifo se-melanoma.
I-Melanoma: Izinguquko ngokulingana
Isithombe sethu sokugcina yisifo se-melanoma esikhulu futhi sithole isikhathi eside ngaphezu kwesikhathi - isici esibalulekile se-tumoranoma. Uma ubona noma yisiphi isikhumba esikhumba esisolisayo, ikakhulukazi esisha noma esishintshiwe ngosayizi, xhumana nodokotela wakho.
Khumbula, i-melanoma ingaphulukiswa uma itholakele kusenesikhathi, ngokungafani neminye kaningi. Ngakho ukwazi izici zakho ezingozini futhi uxoxe nabo kudokotela wakho kungakusiza wenze indlela yokuphila enolwazi nokunakekelwa kwezempilo. Uma unama-moles amaningi noma ezinye izinto eziyingozi, kubalulekile ukuthi uhlole ngokujwayelekile isikhumba sakho, ubone i- dermatologist yokuhlolwa okuvamile, futhi uzivikele elangeni .