Kufanele ucabangele izici eziningi uma uzama ukunquma ukuthi kungani unomlenze oshisayo. Ezimweni eziningi, kungaba umphumela wezinguquko kwindlela yakho yansuku zonke. Kwabanye, kungaba yisibonakaliso sokuxwayisa sento engathà sina okufanele ifanele ukunakekelwa.
Ake sibheke ama-moles (ukuqinisekisa ukuthi yilokho okushiwo yi-itches), ezinye zezimbangela ezikhona, bese ubuyekeze ukuthi yini okufanele uyibuke esikhumbeni sakho uma ukhathazekile nge- melanoma .
Phela, i-melanoma ilandisa ngamaphesenti angama-5 kuphela ekhanda lomshuwalense , kodwa libhekene nokufa komdlavuza wesikhumba.
Ukuqonda amaMoles
Ama-moles, noma "nevi" ajwayelekile kakhulu, futhi iningi lama-moles alishintshi ngokuthi i-melanoma. Zivame ukuvela emashumini amabili eminyaka okuphila, nakuba abanye bengase babekhona kusukela ekuzalweni. La ma-moles, okuthiwa "nevi congenital," angaphezu kwama-moles ekhula ngemva kokubeletha ukuba abe melanoma. Lokho kusho, kubalulekile ukuthi unake noma yikuphi "ukukhula" esikhumbeni sakho, imvukuzane noma cha, futhi uqaphele noma yikuphi ushintsho.
Izinguquko zijwayelekile emanzini ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa nokukhulelwa, kodwa izinguquko ngezikhathi ezithile kufanele zigcinwe ngokucophelela, futhi zihanjiswe udokotela.
Ama-moles avela emangqamuzaneni esikhumbeni esibizwa ngokuthi i-melanocytes, amangqamuzana anomthwalo we-tan esiwutholayo uma siphuma elangeni. Abanye abantu banenqwaba ye-moles, kanti abanye bangase babe nabambalwa kuphela.
Bajwayele ukugijima emindenini, ngakho-ke uma abazali bakho banama-moles amaningi, kungenzeka ukuthi unama moles amaningi.
Asazi kahle ukuthi kungani amanye ama-moles aphendukela umdlavuza kanti abanye abenzi. Izinto ezifaka ingozi zibandakanya ukukhunjulwa kahle, zibe nenqwaba ye-moles, ukutholakala kwelanga ngokweqile, izici ezithile zemvelo, nokuba nomlando womndeni we-melanoma.
Nakuba izakhi zofuzo zithinteka kuphela kumaphesenti angu-1 ama-melanomas, ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi amaphesenti angama-55 omngcipheko womuntu we-melanoma ahlobene nezici zofuzo .
Izimbangela Ezingenzeka Zengqungquthela YamaMoleki
Kunezizathu eziningi zokuthi kungani imvukuzane ingaba yinto enhle, futhi umdlavuza awukho phezulu ohlwini. Ukubuthwa kubangelwa ukucasuka kwemizwa esikhumbeni. Lokhu kuthukuthelisa kungabangelwa amakhemikhali asetshenziselwa isikhumba sakho, owomile wesikhumba sakho, ukucubungula ngenxa yokushisa ilanga, nezinye izizathu. Le nzwa, noma kunjalo, ingabangelwa yizinguquko ngaphakathi kwemoyi ngokwayo, futhi ukushintsha ama-moles kufanele siwaqaphele. Uma unomlenze okhuni, zibuze le mibuzo:
- Ingabe usebenzisa i-detergent entsha yokuhlanza noma uhlobo olusha lwe-softener yendwangu?
- Ingabe usebenzisa i-lotion yomzimba equkethe amakha noma amanye amakhemikhali angabacasula isikhumba sakho?
- Uke uzihlwitha nge-cologne entsha, ngemva kokushafaza noma umzimba?
- Kuthiwani ngemikhiqizo yokuthunga ilanga ongayifuni ukuyisebenzisa?
- Ingabe uzokwehliselwa kunoma yimaphi amakhemikhali noma uchithe emsebenzini?
- Cabanga ngemiphi imikhiqizo oyisebenzisayo nokuthi ingabangela kanjani ukucasula isikhumba.
- Futhi, cabangela ukuchayeka kunoma imiphi imikhiqizo yokuhlanza oyisebenzisayo, ekhaya lakho, noma egaraji.
Zonke lezi zingase zibe yizimbangela ze-molecule eshaqisayo. Ngisho noma ucabanga ukuthi unqume imbangela, noma kunjalo, uma imvukuzane yakho iphikisana ngokuqhubekayo kufanele uhlolwe udokotela wakho. Kwezinye izimo, imvukuzane enomkhuhlane ingaba uphawu lwe-melanoma . Uma kufanele uthole isheke njalo, leso yisinye isizathu esengeziwe sokwenza ukuqokwa. Kodwa kubuye kudingeke ukuqokwa kwakhe siqu ukuba kuhlolwe.
I-ABCDE Impawu Yengculaza Yesikhumba
I-molecule esisha noma isanda kuguquka ekubukeni, njengokuphakanyiswa, nakanjani idinga ukuhlolwa yi-dermatologist. Umthetho we-ABCDE wesifo somdlavuza wesikhumba, uyisibonelo esisiza abantu ukuba babheke izici eziphathelene nama-moles angavamile, futhi kufanelekile ukuba benze inkumbulo:
- I-Asymmetry: Ama- moles ajwayelekile noma ama-freckles aphelele ngokuphelele. Uma ngabe udweba umugqa endaweni ejwayelekile, uzoba nezinxenye ezimbili ze-symmetrical. Ezimweni zomdlavuza wesikhumba, amabala ngeke abuke okufanayo ezinhlangothini zombili.
- Umngcele: Imingcele noma emaphethelweni we-molecule engavamile noma engumdlavuza ingase ingalingani, ingenwe noma ibukhali.
- Umbala: I- moles evamile iyunifomu ngombala. Ama-moles abhekwa njengengavamile uma engaphezu kombala owodwa noma umthunzi. Lokhu kungafaka ukukhanyisa noma ukumnyama kwe-molecule. Odokotela babhekisela kuma-melanomas njengenjwayelo yokubuka ukubukeka okubomvu, okumhlophe, nokuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
- Ububanzi: Uma imvukuzane inkulu kune-penas eraser (cishe i-1/4 intshi, noma i-6mm), kubhekwa njengokwejwayelekile. Lokhu kubandakanya ama-moles angenayo enye engavamile (umbala, umngcele, i-asymmetry). Lokhu kubaluleke nakakhulu uma imvukuzane oye waba nayo kusukela ekuzalweni.
- Ukuziphendukela Kwemvelo noma Ukuphakama: Ukuguquka kwemvelo kubhekisela kunoma yikuphi ukuguquka kokulinganisa, imingcele, imibala, nobubanzi be-mole ekhona. Ukuphakama kubhekisela kumangqamuzana ukuthi amaphrojekthi angenasici ngaphezu kwesikhumba sakho.
- Ukubukeka okumnandi: Abanye odokotela bangeze enye incwadi ekulandeleni ukuchaza into enembile kunokuba ilulaleke kalula. Ama-melanomas, uma kuqhathaniswa nama-moles ajwayelekile, mane nje ubheke okungavamile ngezinye izikhathi. Yilapho udinga ukuthembela emathunjini akho, futhi izimo zethu zendalo zivame ukulungile.
Ukunambitha kuyimpawu engangeniswa kulolu hlu olukhathazayo, njengokunye ukuphaphaza noma ukuphuma emulenzeni, noma indawo ebonakala iyisiqhwa kodwa ingaphuluki ngesikhathi esilinganiselwe. Ngaphezu kokubamba, abanye abantu abanombuso we-melanoma abazwa sengathi bangabonakali, noma ubuhlungu, kodwa uhlobo oluthile lokuzwa endaweni yesimo sabo semvukuzane engakaze bazizwe ngaphambili.
I-Moles vs i-Melanoma
Ngezinye izikhathi kungaba nzima ukuhlukanisa ama-moles ezinemibala kusuka ku-melanoma, ngisho nangokwelashwa okuyinhloko. Izithombe ze-moles nama-melanomas zibonisa ukuthi lokhu kungabonakali kanjani ngeso lengakafundiwe. Lokho kuyindlela ehamba phambili yokusho ukuthi noma yikuphi imvukuzane noma isikhumba sekhanda esinombuzo wokubukeka kwayo, kufanele sihlolwe yi- dermatologist . Ithuba lomuthi we-melanoma lukhulu kakhulu uma umdlavuza utholakala ezinyathelweni zokuqala zesifo.
Ukulinganisa Ingozi Yakho Ye-Melanoma
Ukuze ulinganise ukuthi ingozi yomuntu ephelele yokuthuthukisa i-melanoma engavamile, ithuluzi lokuxhumana lenzelwe ososayensi ku-National Cancer Institute (NCI), i-University of Pennsylvania, neYunivesithi yaseCalifornia, eSan Francisco. Ithuluzi lishicilelwe kuyi-Journal of Clinical Oncology futhi lusiza odokotela ekutholeni abantu engozini enkulu ye-melanoma. Ngale ndlela, bangasiza iziguli zabo ukuhlela ukungenelela okufanelekile kokuhlola.
Izwi elivela
Kufanele wazi ukuthi akuwona wonke ama-moles angavamile noma amahle anesifo somdlavuza. Uma unayo imvukuzane engavamile noma enobungozi, kubalulekile ukuthi uhlolwe yi-dermatologist. Iso elingakafundiwe alikwazi ukuthola ukuthi imvukuzane kungenzeka ibe nomdlavuza noma cha. Kubalulekile ukuthi uhlole isikhumba sakho nyangazonke futhi ube nodokotela wesikhumba sokuhlolwa kwesikhumba ngonyaka.
Ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwesikhumba emtholampilo, udokotela ubheka ngokucacile isikhumba ukuthi afune noma yikuphi ukuthuthukiswa okusha noma izinguquko kumalesi noma izindawo ezikhona. Khumbula, uma uthola noma yini engavamile, kubika udokotela wakho ngokushesha futhi ungalindeli ukuhlolwa kwakho ngonyaka ozayo.
> Imithombo:
> I-American Cancer Society. Indlela Yokusebenzisa I-Cancer Cancer. Kubuyekezwe 07/06/17. https://www.cancer.org/latest-news/how-to-spot-skin-cancer.html
> Canadian Cancer Society. Izimpawu Nezibonakaliso zomdlavuza wesikhumba se-melanoma. http://www.cancer.ca/en/cancer-information/cancer-type/skin-melanoma/signs-and-symptoms/?region=on