Uhlaka lwamaseli ku-ungqimba lwesisekelo se-epidermis, okuthiwa i-melanocytes, lwakhiqiza i-brown-black black pigment (melanin) enquma umbala wesikhumba nezinwele. I-Melanin ibuye ibuye ivikele ekuvimbeleni imisebe emazayo yelanga. Lapho amangqamuzana ekhula ngendlela elawulwayo, izilonda eziwumphumela ziyingozi futhi ngokuvamile zibizwa ngokuthi i-molecule noma i-nevus. Ngezinye izikhathi, ama-melanocytes ahluleka ukulawula futhi abe melanoma engumdlavuza futhi esongela ukuphila. Uma ubona imvukuzane entsha noma imvukuzane eshintsha ukubonakala kwayo, xhumana nodokotela wakho ngokushesha.
1 -
Ukusakaza okungenangqondoI-melanoma ekusakazeni ngokuyinhloko uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lwe-melanoma. Ngokuvamile kufana nesimo sombala nesigqamile, nge-shade ehlukahlukene emnyama nesikhumba. Kungenzeka kunoma yikuphi indawo yobudala noma yomzimba futhi kuvame kakhulu emaCaucasians.
2 -
Iphakanyisiwe, inemibala eminingiIzicubu ze-melanoma zivame ukuba zibomvu, zibe mhlophe, futhi ziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka (zibe ziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka) zonke ziyi-lesion efanayo. Lesi sifo sinemibala eminingi enjalo.
3 -
Ikhulile, i-Lesion DarkQaphela ukutholakala kwemibala eminingi ngaphakathi kwalesi sifo se-melanoma. Lokhu kubonakala ngokujwayelekile kwe-melanoma.
4 -
OkubiUkwelashwa kwe-melanoma emangalisa kuncike ezintweni eziningi, kuhlanganise nempilo ejwayelekile yesiguli nokuthi ngabe umdlavuza usakazeke kuma- lymph nodes noma ezinye izitho. Uma ubanjwa ngokushesha, i-melanoma ingelashwa. Ingozi yomdlavuza ibuye ikhuphuke ngokujula kwesisu - izicubu ezijulile kungenzeka ukuthi zibuyele emuva. Uma umdlavuza usakazeke kuma-lymph nodes, kunethuba elikhulu lokuthi i-melanoma izobuya. Ngokwe-melanoma esakaze kwezinye izicubu nezitho, izinga lokuphilisa liphansi.
5 -
Ku-FingernailI-Melanomas ngaphansi komunwe ibonakala njengokungcoliswa komnyama omnyama noma kwe-bluish. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi "i-acral lentiginous melanoma" futhi kuyindlela engavamile kakhulu ye-melanoma. Ngokuvamile livela ezintendeni zezandla, emanzini, noma ngaphansi kwezipikili futhi kuvame kakhulu kubantu base-Afrika-baseMelika.
6 -
Lentigo MalignaI-Lentigo maligna melanoma (ngezinye izikhathi ibizwa ngokuthi i-Hutchinson's freckle) ivame ukuvela kubantu asebekhulile futhi ibhalwe ngamachashazi afana nendawo, ama-mottled, ama-brown-like-brown afana nemingcele engavamile. Lezi zilonda zivame ukuvela ebusweni noma kwezinye izindawo ezivuliwe zelanga futhi ngokuvamile zikhulise kancane kancane eminyakeni emihlanu kuya kweyishumi nane ngaphambi kokuba zibe yinto engavamile.
7 -
I-Clark Level IIIIzinga likaClake lichaza ukuthi i-melanoma ingene kangakanani esikhunjeni. Lena ingqungquthela yezinga le-III lapho umdlavuza uhilela iningi lamasango angaphezulu.
8 -
I-Clark Level IVLesi yisibonelo se- Clark level IV isifo se-melanoma lapho umdlavuza usakaze khona kusukela e-epidermis nge-dermis engenhla futhi uhilela imithi ephansi.
9 -
Ku-NeckLe melanoma entanyeni inemibala ehlukahlukene enezindawo eziphakathi kwamnyama kanye nemingcele engavamile. Ukubikezelwa kwe-melanoma kuhle kakhulu ukuchazwa ngokujula kwayo kulinganiswa ngemuva kokukhishwa ngokuhlinzwa.